Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Arthritis/diagnosis , Osteochondrodysplasias/diagnosis , Adult , Arthritis/complications , Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Collagen/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology , Osteochondrodysplasias/complications , RadiographyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether vasectomy, which causes immunological and histological changes to the testes and changes to the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, could influence bone mineral density (BMD) and predispose to osteoporosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From patients referred to the Bone Densitometry Clinic, the BMD of L1-L4 and of the hip was analysed in 25 vasectomized men and compared with that in age-matched controls, ensuring that both groups had no secondary causes which might predispose to osteoporosis. RESULTS: In the spine, the mean (standard deviation) BMD was 1.00 (0.19) g/cm2 for the vasectomized men and 0.96 (0.14) g/cm2 for the controls. In the hip (femoral neck and total, respectively) the means were 0.79 g/cm2 and 0.90 g/cm2 for the vasectomized men and 0.72 g/cm2 and 0.96 g/cm2 for the controls. None of the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study does not support the hypothesis that vasectomy may be a risk factor for osteoporosis.
Subject(s)
Osteoporosis/etiology , Vasectomy/adverse effects , Adult , Aged , Bone Density , Femur Neck/physiology , Hip/physiology , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/physiology , Male , Middle Aged , Risk FactorsSubject(s)
Osteitis Deformans/metabolism , Vitamin D Deficiency/metabolism , Adult , Age Factors , Child , HumansSubject(s)
Dust , Gossypium , Lung/drug effects , Embryo, Mammalian , Humans , Organ Culture TechniquesABSTRACT
The sequence of events that may initiate the inflammatory reaction in acute gout has been investigated with specific reference to phagocytosis of urate crystals by polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the results have shown (1) that neutrophil leucocytes avidly ingest microcrystals of sodium monourate, (2) that this causes the rapid degranulation and disintegration of the leucocytes, (3) that fresh leucocytes ingest the debris and crystals liberated by the dead cells, and in their turn degranulate and die, thus possibly establishing a vicious circle in the system.
Subject(s)
Leukocytes/immunology , Phagocytosis , Uric Acid , Animals , Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure , Cells, Cultured , Glycogen , Humans , Inflammation , Leukocytes/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Microscopy, Phase-Contrast , Motion Pictures , Neutrophils/metabolism , Pseudopodia/ultrastructure , Rabbits , Staining and LabelingABSTRACT
Prostaglandin E2 was administered orally in doses of 0.5 mg. to 2.0 mg. every 2 hours to 169 women for induction of labour. Induction was successful in 153 women (90%). In 99 of these women, low amniotomy was performed at the beginning. Performance of amniotomy at the beginning of induction did not alter the incidence of successful induction but did lead to a mean induction-delivery interval shorter than that in women who had amniotomy performed in the active phase of labour. Vomiting and/or diarrhoea occurred in 34 women (20%). Uterine hypertonus of only transient nature occurred in 3 women. One woman suffered from atonic post-partum haemorrhage. No adverse effects on the fetus were apparent. The presence of fetopelvic disproportion was associated with a slow rate of cervical dilatation and unsuccessful induction.
