Childhood interstitial lung disease: A case-based review of the imaging findings.

Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) consists of a large, heterogeneous group of individually rare disorders. chILD demonstrates major differences in disease etiology, natural history, and management when compared with the adult group. It occurs primarily secondary to an underlying developmental or genetic abnormality affecting the growth and maturity of the pediatric lung. They present with different clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. In this pictorial review article, we will divide chILD into those more prevalent in infancy and those not specific to infancy. We will use a case based approach to discuss relevant imaging findings including modalities such as radiograph and computed tomography in a wide variety of pathologies.

Primary pulmonary artery sarcoma in the pediatric patient: Review of literature and a case report.

Primary pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is extremely rare in children. Nevertheless, distinguishing primary PAS from pulmonary embolism is critical to a child's survival. Primary PAS is commonly misdiagnosed as a pulmonary embolism due to similar presenting symptoms and radiographic findings. However, compared to adults, pulmonary embolism is rare in children, especially in patients who do not have predisposing factors or hypercoagulable state. We present a child with primary PAS which mimicked pulmonary embolism on presentation but eventually was resected and is doing well 5 years after resection. In the absence of predisposing factors or hypercoagulable state, solid tumors such as primary PAS should be considered when assessing a pediatric patient with presumed pulmonary embolism.