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1.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1269075

ABSTRACT

L'anesthesie caudale trouve actuellement sa place dans les interventions chirurgicales pediatriques en raison de ses avantages par rapport a l'anesthesie generale. Pourtant; ce type d'anesthesie peut etre egalement a l'origine d'une toxicite grave qui met en jeu le pronostic vital des enfants. Les auteurs rapportent un cas de toxicite grave du au surdosage d'un melange de lidocaine et de bupivacaine chez un nourrisson de 16 mois. Les caracteristiques cliniques de cette toxicite; ses etiologies et sa prise en charge seront discutees par rapport a la litterature


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Caudal , Bupivacaine , Infant , Lidocaine
2.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1269078

ABSTRACT

La maladie de Takayasu est une arterite des vaisseaux de gros et de moyen calibre. Elle se complique rarement d'infarctus cerebral. Les auteurs rapportent un cas d'une femme de trente-quatre ans; observe au sein du service de reanimation du CHU/JRB; qui a presente un infarctus cerebral recidivant sur maladie de Takayasu. Notre objectif est de rapporter et de discuter le tableau clinique presente par la patiente; le traitement qu'elle a recu par rapport a ceux observes dans la litterature


Subject(s)
Case Reports , Cerebral Infarction , Takayasu Arteritis
3.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1269046

ABSTRACT

Objectifs: Les objectifs de ce travail sont de determiner les caracteristiques; les facteurs de gravite et les facteurs de risque de l'etat de mal epileptique (EME) chez les adultes. Methodes: Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective des cas d'EME observes dans le service Accueil-Triage-Urgences/Reanimation du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Antananarivo; a l'Hopital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana; du juillet 2005 au juin 2006. Resultats: Soixante six cas d'EME sont enregistres. Ce chiffre constitue 5;28des pathologies observees dans le service ATU/R. Ce sont surtout des crises generalises (90;09des cas) qui se manifestent par des crises subintrantes avec une predominance des formes tonicocloniques. L'EME est frequemment observe chez les sujets jeunes; de sexe masculin; vers l'age de quarantaine. Les facteurs de risque observes sont la mauvaise observance therapeutique; l'alcoolisme; l'antecedent d'AVC; l'hypertension arterielle (HTA); et le retard de la prise en charge hospitaliere. Les facteurs de gravite frequemment rencontres sont les troubles neurovegetatives : la polypnee superieure a 25 cycles par minute; la desaturation en oxygene (SpO295) et la tachycardie superieure a 100 battements par minute. L'HTA et l'hyperthermie constituent des facteurs de mauvais pronostic. Grace a l'elaboration de protocole de prise en charge dans le service; le taux de mortalite est de 4;54. Conclusion: L'EME est une pathologie grave. Le pronostic des patients depend de la qualite et la precocite de la prise en charge


Subject(s)
Adult , Case Reports , Risk Factors , Status Epilepticus
4.
Nucl Med Commun ; 24(12): 1215-24, 2003 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14627847

ABSTRACT

We prospectively compared the impact of the standard approach, of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) and of FDG dual-head coincidence gamma camera imaging (DHC) in preoperative staging of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to traditional staging, 42 patients were studied with a PET system and a DHC system. The number of lesions detected on DHC and on PET were compared independently of the proof of a tumoural invasion. Then, for the sub-group of lesions with the proof of a tumoural invasion, the sensitivity of the different imaging modalities was compared. Finally, stagings were compared with final staging established by histopathological findings (n=28), additional imaging modalities (n=4), clinical and traditional imaging follow-up over at least 4 months. DHC detected 105 of the 145 lesions considered as pathological on PET (73%, P=0.01), with a concurrence of 89% (NS) in lesions larger than 1.5 cm, and only 17% (P=0.03) in those smaller or equal to 1 cm. Traditional staging detected 87 of the 114 verified tumoural lesions (76%), PET 110/114 (96%, P=0.01 vs traditional staging), DHC 88/114 (77%, NS vs traditional staging, P=0.01 vs PET). PET correctly predicted the N stage in 39/42 (93%) patients, DHC in 38/42 (90%), and computed tomography in 32/42 (76%). PET correctly predicted the M stage in 42/42 (100%) patients, DHC in 41/42 (98%), and traditional staging in 38/42 (90%). Identical NM staging was obtained with DHC and PET in 38/42 (90%) patients. Compared to traditional NM staging, PET correctly up-staged 9/42 (21%) patients and down-staged 3/42 (7%), with one additional false N up-staging. DHC correctly up-staged 7/42 (17%) patients and down-staged 3/42 (7%), with one additional false N down-staging. PET correctly reclassified 4/42 (9.5%) patients from resectable to unresectable and incorrectly reclassified one. DHC correctly reclassified 3/42 (7%) patients without false therapeutic reclassification. Although DHC detected fewer lesions than PET, DHC is a possible alternative to PET since the impact on staging was high as compared with traditional staging and was very similar to that of PET.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnostic imaging , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Gamma Cameras , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Preoperative Care/methods , Radionuclide Imaging/methods , Radiopharmaceuticals , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, Emission-Computed/instrumentation
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