ABSTRACT
Two full-scale biological nutrient removal systems upgraded with three physico-chemical processes (coagulation, chemical precipitation, and neutral Fenton) were evaluated in order to determine the removal of emerging pollutants (EPs) present in municipal wastewater from Mexico. Between 41 and 55 EPs were detected in the influents of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), including personal care products (PPCPs), antibiotics, analgesics, antiepileptics, antilipidemics, antihypertensives, antiseptics, stimulants, and hormones. Emerging pollutants were detected at concentrations ranging from 0.69ng/L to 94,600ng/L. High concentrations of emerging pollutants were found during dry season. WWTP 1, integrated by oxidation ditches and UV light lamps, showed removal efficiencies of EPs between 20% and 22%. On the other hand, WWTP 2 consisted of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic tanks coupled with two disinfection processes; chlorine dioxide and UV light lamps, for which the removal of EPs was significant (up to 80%). The concentrations of emerging pollutants in WWTP 1 effluent was found within a rangeSubject(s)
Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods
, Wastewater/analysis
, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
, Chemical Precipitation
, Environmental Monitoring
, Flocculation
, Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry
, Iron/chemistry
, Mexico
, Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumentation
ABSTRACT
An integrated fluidized bed reactor (FBR) has been employed as the treatment for petrochemical industry wastewaters with high organic matter and aromatic compounds, under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The system was operated at hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 2.7 and 2.2 h in the anaerobic and aerobic reactor, respectively. The degree of fluidization in the beds was 30%. This system showed a high performance on the removal of organic matter and aromatic compounds. At different organic loading rates (OLR), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the anaerobic reactor was close to 85% and removals of the COD up to 94% were obtained in the aerobic reactor. High removals of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, styrene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene and naphthalene were achieved in this study.
Subject(s)
Bioreactors/microbiology , Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/isolation & purification , Petroleum/analysis , Wastewater/chemistry , Water Purification/instrumentation , Water Purification/methods , Aerobiosis , Anaerobiosis , Bacteria/ultrastructure , Bacterial Adhesion , Biodegradation, Environmental , Biofilms/growth & development , Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis , Methane/analysis , Oxygen/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Si bien se ve un auge en el tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales e industriales en toda Latinoamérica no es lo mismo con el manejo y disposición adecuada para los lodos residuales generados. En este trabajo se presentan los principales aspectos para la planeación de un sistema de composteo con base en los diseños de dos plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales. Se proporcionan los costos de inversión inicial y algunos aspectos para la comercialización del producto
Subject(s)
Sanitary Engineering , Water Purification , Treatment Plants , Congress , CommerceABSTRACT
Se presenta un panorama del desarrollo del derecho ambiental mexicano, la nueva política y legislación referente a la calidad de las aguas nacionales. Se aclaran las atribuciones para la elaboración de la normatividad, las verificaciones normativas y las responsabilidades por el incumplimiento de las disposiciones ambientales
