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1.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 61(Suppl 2): S233-S238, 2023 Sep 18.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38016098

ABSTRACT

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the replacement of the usual esophageal mucosa by a simple columnar epithelium with the presence of goblet cells (GC) of intestinal type. It has been related to different risk factors such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inappropriate consumption of irritating foods, smoking and overweight. There are CC mimic cells, known as blue cells (BC), which make the diagnosis of BE difficult, due to the lack of a precise definition of the nature and location of the gastroesophageal junction and the microscopic variations in this area. Objective: To identify morphologically and with histochemical techniques Alcian blue (AA) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) between GC and BC. Material and methods: Retrolective cross-sectional analytical study where 45 samples of patients diagnosed with BE were included. Results: The morphological characteristics are similar in both cell varieties. PAS staining was 100%, unlike AA staining, with only 16 cases with staining, corresponding to 35.55%. Conclusions: PAS staining has a high sensitivity and specificity for the identification of GC, this being a fundamental pillar for the correct diagnosis of BE. The presence of BC detected by AA does not exclude the diagnosis of BE, since both cell types can coexist.


Introducción: el esófago de Barrett (EB) es el recambio de la mucosa habitual esofágica por un epitelio cilíndrico simple con presencia de células caliciformes (CC) de tipo intestinal. Se ha relacionado con factores de riesgo como la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE), consumo inapropiado de alimentos irritantes, tabaquismo o sobrepeso. Hay células imitadoras de las CC, las células azules (CA), que dificultan el diagnóstico del EB y es debido a falta de una definición precisa sobre la naturaleza y ubicación de la unión gastroesofágica y las variaciones microscópicas en esta zona. Objetivo: identificar morfológicamente y con las técnicas de histoquímica azul alciano (AA) y ácido peryódico de Schiff (PAS) las CC y las CA. Material y métodos: estudio transversal retrolectivo analítico; se incluyeron 45 muestras de pacientes diagnosticados con EB. Resultados: las características morfológicas son similares en ambas variedades celulares. La tinción de PAS fue del 100%, a diferencia de la tinción de AA, con solo 16 casos con tinción, correspondiente al 35.55%. Conclusiones: la tinción de PAS tiene una alta sensibilidad y especificidad para la identificación de CC, lo cual es fundamental para el correcto diagnóstico de la EB. La presencia de CA detectadas mediante AA no excluye el diagnóstico de EB, ya que ambos tipos celulares pueden coexistir.


Subject(s)
Barrett Esophagus , Humans , Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis , Barrett Esophagus/complications , Barrett Esophagus/metabolism , Goblet Cells/metabolism , Cross-Sectional Studies , Alcian Blue/metabolism
2.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 13(20)2023 Oct 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37891997

ABSTRACT

Myxoid endometriosis, a rare entity, is part of the histological changes that can occur in endometriosis. Pathologists must know the histological guidelines for the morphological recognition of this entity, as well as the histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques that support diagnosis, and define the morphological characteristics of myxoid endometriosis. In the present work, we propose diagnostic guidelines and primary differential diagnoses using special histochemical techniques and immunohistochemical reactions to recognize this entity.

3.
Rev. esp. patol ; 55(4): 254-258, Oct-Dic. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-210615

ABSTRACT

El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide es un tumor vascular infrecuente, descrito por primera vez en 1975 por Dail y Liebow como un carcinoma bronquioloalveolar. Habitualmente, se comporta como una neoplasia de bajo grado; sin embargo, se han descrito casos en los que el tumor manifiesta una elevada agresividad, extendiéndose con rapidez por todo el organismo. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 41 años con dermatosis en muslo izquierdo y extensión rápida a abdomen, cuyo diagnóstico inicial fue de un carcinoma metastásico vs. linfoma. En la revisión de laminillas, se confirmó el diagnóstico de hemangioendotelioma epitelioide de piel, iniciando tratamiento con radioterapia. Este tumor afecta excepcionalmente la piel, habiéndose descrito pocos casos en la literatura médica.(AU)


Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor, first described in 1975 by Dail and Liebow as a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Although it usually behaves like a low-grade neoplasm, cases have been reported in which the tumor shows a high grade of malignancy, spreading rapidly throughout the body. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with dermatosis in the left thigh with rapid extension to the abdomen; the initial differential diagnoses were metastatic carcinoma versus lymphoma. When the histopathology was re-examined, a diagnosis of skin epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was confirmed and treatment with radiotherapy was initiated. This tumour rarely affects the skin; there are only a few previously reported cases.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms , Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Symptom Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Leg Dermatoses , Pathology , Pathology Department, Hospital , Neoplasms
4.
Rev Esp Patol ; 55(4): 254-258, 2022.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36154733

ABSTRACT

Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor, first described in 1975 by Dail and Liebow as a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Although it usually behaves like a low-grade neoplasm, cases have been reported in which the tumor shows a high grade of malignancy, spreading rapidly throughout the body. We present the case of a 41-year-old man with dermatosis in the left thigh with rapid extension to the abdomen; the initial differential diagnoses were metastatic carcinoma versus lymphoma. When the histopathology was re-examined, a diagnosis of skin epithelioid hemangioendothelioma was confirmed and treatment with radiotherapy was initiated. This tumour rarely affects the skin; there are only a few previously reported cases.


Subject(s)
Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid , Hemangioendothelioma , Skin Neoplasms , Adult , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Hemangioendothelioma/diagnosis , Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid/diagnosis , Humans , Male
5.
Gac Med Mex ; 149(6): 639-45, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24276187

ABSTRACT

The human prostate is a gland composed of many types of cells and extracellular components with specific functions. The stromal compartment includes nerve tissue, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscular cells. The epithelial compartment is composed of luminal epithelial cells, basal cells, and a lesser number of neuroendocrine cells, which are transcendental in growth regulation, differentiation, and secretory function. In prostate cancer, neuroendocrine cells replicate especially in high grade and advanced stage, and hormonally treated tumoral cells adopt characteristics that make them resistant to hormonal deprivation. Androgen receptors have a crucial role in tumorigenesis of prostate adenocarcinoma. Deprivation hormone therapy blocks the expression of androgen receptors in the prostatic epithelial cells. Neuroendocrine cells lack androgen receptors; their growth is hormonally independent and that is why deprivation hormonal therapy does not eliminate the neoplasic neuroendocrine cells. In contrast, these types of cells proliferate after therapy and make a paracrine network, stimulating the proliferation of androgen-independent neoplastic cells, which finally lead to tumoral recurrence. In this work we describe the neuroendocrine function in normal tissue and in prostatic adenocarcinoma, including neoplasic proliferation stimulation, invasion, apoptosis resistance, and angiogenesis, and describe some molecular pathways involved in this neuroendocrine differentiation.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Neurosecretory Systems/cytology , Prostatic Neoplasms , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Cell Differentiation , Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
6.
Rev. gastroenterol. Méx ; 65(1): 22-25, ene.-mar. 2000. ilus, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-302901

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: los tumores estromales del tracto gastrointestinal (TEGI's) representan un grupo heterogéneo de neoplasias que muestra proliferación inmadura de células fusiformes y/o epitelioides. Originalmente todas estas lesiones se interpretaron como derivadas del músculo liso (leiomiomas o leiomiosarcomas), sin embargo, estudios recientes han puesto de manifiesto que sólo un pequeño grupo de estos tumores pertenecen a dicha categoría. La mayoría de los tumores mesenquimatosos del tracto gastrointestinal es de histogénesis incierta. Investigaciones reportadas actualmente ponen de manifiesto una estrecha similitud entre estos tumores y las células intersticiales de Cajal, consideradas como células "Marcapaso" del tracto gastrointestinal. La mayoría de los TEGI's coexpresan CD117 y CD34, que también son expresados por las células de Cajal. Objetivo: analizar el concepto de tumor estromal del tracto gastrointestinal, su histogénesis y características morfológicas que predicen una conducta morfológica agresiva. Método: presentamos un caso de tumor estromal del estómago con extensa degeneración quística. El paciente presentó diarrea, dolor y masa abdominal. La radiografía abdominal y la tomografía axial computada mostraron lesión interpretada inicialmente como neoplasia quística pancreática. En la laparotomía se encontró un tumor localizado en la pared gástrica. En el estudio histológico de la misma se observó que estaba constituida por células epitelioides y fusiformes inmersas en un estroma mixoide. La neoplasia fue positiva para vimentina y CD34. Con lo anterior se realizó el diagnóstico de tumor estromal de la pared del estómago con extensa degeneración quística. Conclusiones: los tumores estromales son neoplasias poco frecuentes en el tracto gastrointestinal y es aún más raro encontrar áreas extensas de degeneración mixoide, lo que incrementa la dificultad diagnóstica tanto clínica como histopatológica, analizando cada caso para identificar las características de malignidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Leiomyosarcoma , Stomach Neoplasms , Synovial Cyst
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