Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Erectile Dysfunction/blood , Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Insulin Infusion Systems , Insulin/administration & dosage , Adult , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/instrumentation , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology , Drug Administration Schedule , Erectile Dysfunction/complications , Erectile Dysfunction/pathology , Humans , Injections, Subcutaneous , Male , Pilot Projects , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Diabetes is a chronic disease and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Being an ancient disease, many individuals follow complementary and alternative medicinal (CAM) therapies for either the cure or prevention of the disease. The popularity of these practices among the general public is in no way a testimony to their safety and efficacy. Due to the possibility of undesirable interactions with conventional medicines, it is imperative that patients are asked about CAM use during patient assessment. Patient- and physician-targeted awareness programs on various aspects of CAM use must be initiated to create a better understanding of evidence-based use of these practices. In addition, there should be guidelines in place based on clinical trial outcomes, and stricter regulations need to be enforced on CAM practices to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
Subject(s)
Complementary Therapies/methods , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Chronic Disease , HumansABSTRACT
Tempol (TPL) under in vitro conditions reduced the extent of gamma radiation induced membrane lipid peroxidation and disappearance of covalently closed circular form of plasmid pBR322. TPL protected cellular DNA from radiation-induced damage in various tissues under ex vivo and in vivo conditions as evidenced by comet assay. TPL also prevented radiation induced micronuclei formation (in peripheral blood leucocytes) and chromosomal aberrations (in bone marrow cells) in whole body irradiated mice. TPL enhanced the rate of repair of cellular DNA (blood leucocytes and bone marrow cells) damage when administered immediately after radiation exposure as revealed from the increased Cellular DNA Repair Index (CRI). The studies thus provided compelling evidence to reveal the effectiveness of TPL to protect hematopoietic system from radiation injury.
Subject(s)
Cyclic N-Oxides/therapeutic use , Gamma Rays/adverse effects , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Cyclic N-Oxides/pharmacology , DNA Damage/drug effects , Leukocytes/drug effects , Leukocytes/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Mice , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Spin Labels , Spleen/cytology , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) protected plasmid pBR 322 DNA, under in vitro conditions from gamma radiation induced strand breaks as evidenced by the prevention of the loss of supercoiled covalently closed circular form upon irradiation. It also protected the membrane lipids of liver homogenates from the oxidative damages. Whole body exposure of mice to gamma-radiation resulted in damage to cellular DNA in various tissues and administration of LA prior to the radiation exposure prevented the radiation induced DNA damage as assessed by alkaline comet assay. Administration of LA to mice prior to the radiation exposure also prevented induction of chromosomal damages in bone marrow cells and formation of micronuclei in blood reticulocytes. Thus taken together, LA a normal cellular constituent could be used as a radioprotector against whole body radiation exposure scenarios.
Subject(s)
DNA Damage/drug effects , DNA Damage/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Thioctic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Cell Membrane/radiation effects , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Comet Assay , In Vitro Techniques , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Lipid Peroxidation/radiation effects , Male , Mice , Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/drug effects , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology , Whole-Body Irradiation/mortalityABSTRACT
The dietary supplement, POLY-MVA, containing palladium alpha-lipoic acid complex was examined for its efficacy as a radioprotector in mice exposed to whole-body gamma-radiation. Oral administration of POLY-MVA enhanced endogenous spleen colony formation in animals exposed to a sublethal dose of 6 Gy gamma-radiation. Alkaline comet assay revealed that the nuclear DNA comet parameters such as percent DNA in tail, tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment, of the bone marrow cells and spleen cells, were found increased following whole-body gamma-irradiation. The radiation-induced DNA damage in these cells was reduced when POLY-MVA was administered to animals exposed to a lethal dose of 8 Gy whole-body gamma-radiation. The administration of POLY-MVA significantly reduced the gamma-radiation-induced mortality and also aided recovery from the radiation-induced loss of body weight in mice surviving after 8 Gy gamma-radiation exposure. These results suggest the potential use of POLY-MVA as a radioprotector in cases of planned radiation exposures.
