ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the efficacy of cryosurgery in association with itraconazole for the treatment of feline sporotrichosis. We also compared the length of treatment protocol with others reported in the literature. METHODS: Cats naturally infected with fungi of the Sporothrix schenckii complex were evaluated. Diagnosis was confirmed by cytology and fungal culture. Prior to the cryosurgical procedure, every animal was receiving itraconazole 10 mg/kg/day PO, for different time periods. The same protocol was maintained until 4 weeks after complete healing of the lesions. RESULTS: Eleven of 13 cats were considered clinically cured. The treatment duration ranged from 14-64 weeks (median 32 weeks). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The combination of cryosurgery and itraconazole was effective in treating cases of feline sporotrichosis and decreased the treatment length compared with protocols using only medication.
Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Cat Diseases/surgery , Cryosurgery/veterinary , Sporotrichosis/veterinary , Animals , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Cats , Cryosurgery/methods , Drug Therapy, Combination/veterinary , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Sporotrichosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of pour-on formulations of fluazuron and ivermectin in different therapeutic protocols for treatment of demodicosis by means of quantifying mites with skin scraping, histological and clinical evaluation in dogs. Eighteen dogs with skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis were evaluated, divided into three groups. All the animals were treated every 14 days, completing 6 treatments for each animal (days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70). In group 1, pour-on 2.5% fluazuron was used at the dose of 20mg/kg; in the group 2 pour-on 2.5% fluazuron at a dose of 20 mg/kg in association with pour-on 0.5% ivermectin at the dose of 0.6mg/kg; and in group 3, pour-on 0.5% ivermectin alone was used, at the dose of 0.6mg/kg. The treatment was evaluated and monitored through skin scrapings and clinical follow-up of the lesions every 14 days for 84 days, and through histopathological examination at the end of each treatment protocol. The success rate was defined as the percentage of dogs in each group that had negative skin scrapings after the treatment: this was 16.67% for group 1, and 50% for groups 2 and 3. The reduction in mite counts reached effectiveness of 67.66%, 88.99% and 84.29% for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant difference between the number of mites before and after treatment in groups 2 and 3. The histopathological examination revealed that only group 1 showed no significant difference in the intensity of infestation between days 0 and 84. Clinically, there was no significant difference between the evaluation before and after treatment in the three groups. pour-on 2.5% fluazuron and pour-on 0.5% ivermectin were not effective for treating canine demodicosis, either in association or as single therapy, when applied every 14 days for a period of 70 days. Quantification of mites using skin scrapings and histological evaluation proved to be ineffective, either one as sole therapeutic evaluation parameters, for canine demodicosis.(AU)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do fluazuron e da ivermectina pour-on em diferentes protocolos terapêuticos no tratamento da demodiciose, através da quantificação de ácaros por raspados cutâneos e exames histológicos, além da avaliação dos cães. Foram avaliados 18 cães com raspados cutâneos positivos para o ácaro Demodex canis, divididos em três grupos. Todos os animais foram tratados a cada 14 dias, totalizando seis tratamentos em cada cão (Dias 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70). No grupo 1 foi utilizado fluazuron 2,5% pour-on na dosagem de 20mg/kg; no grupo 2 foi empregado fluazuron 2,5% pour-on na dosagem de 20mg/kg associado a ivermectina 0,5% pour-on, na dosagem de 0,6mg/kg e, no grupo 3, somente ivermectina 0,5% pour-on 0,6mg/kg. Raspados cutâneos e acompanhamento clínico das lesões foram realizados a cada 14 dias por 84 dias e realizado exame histopatológico ao final de cada protocolo terapêutico. A taxa de sucesso foi definida pela porcentagem de cães em cada grupo com raspados negativos ao final do tratamento, que foi 16,67% para o grupo 1 e 50% para os grupos 2 e 3. A redução na contagem no número de ácaros alcançou eficácia de até 67,66%; 88,99% e 84,29%, nos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. O teste de Wilcoxon mostrou que houve diferença significativa entre a quantidade de ácaros antes e após o tratamento nos grupos 2 e 3. No exame histopatológico apenas o grupo 1 não apresentou diferença significativa na intensidade da infestação entre os dias 0 e 84. Clinicamente não houve diferença significativa entre as avaliações antes e após o tratamento dos três grupos. O fluazuron 2,5% pour-on e a ivermectina 0,5% pour-on associados ou como terapia única, não foram eficazes no tratamento da demodiciose canina, quando aplicados a cada 14 dias em um período de 70 dias. A quantificação de ácaros através do exame parasitológico em raspado cutâneo e em exame histopatológico demonstrou-se ineficaz como parâmetro isolado de avaliação pós-terapêutica para demodiciose canina.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Ivermectin/administration & dosage , Mites/drug effects , Skin Diseases, Parasitic/veterinary , Administration, CutaneousABSTRACT
This paper reports five cases of intact adult male crossbreed cats presenting with myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax. Three were stray animals that died despite treatment due to the severity of lesions while two were client-owned cats previously treated with cryosurgery which completely recovered. Myiasis caused by the New World screwworm fly in cats appears to be more frequent than previously thought, deserving more attention from both veterinary practitioners and owners.
