[Clinical case of the month. Idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis]. / Fibrose médiastinale idiopathique.

Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare condition characterized by an excessive growth of dense fibrous tissue within the mediastinum. The etiology of the disease is most often a fungal infection and may in some cases be idiopathic. We present the case of a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffering from fibrosing mediastinitis of undetermined origin and in whom the diagnosis was established by histopathological analysis after mediastinoscopy.

[Mycobacterium malmoense infection in an immunocompetent patient]. / Infection par Mycobacterium malmoense chez un sujet immunocompétent.

We report the case of a 57-year-old patient in whom we found a pulmonary infection due to Mycobacterium malmoense. This patient had no immunodeficiency and responded quite rapidly to anti-tuberculous therapy. He was treated for 6 months by levofloxacine, myambutol, and nicotibine, followed by 3 months of clarithromycine, levofloxacine and myambutol. The patient improved clinically to become asymptomatic and the cavitary lesion shown at the CT-scan slightly decreased. The patient is still currently treated by clarithromycine and ciproxine.

[Congenital cystic adenomatoid degeneration of the lung and ventricular trigeminism at adult age. Is there a cause-effect relation?]. / Dégénérescence adénomatoïde kystique congénitale du poumon et trigéminisme ventriculaire á l'âge adulte. Peut-on trouver une relation de cause á effet?

Adenomatoid cystic malformations of the lung are usually diagnosed during the perinatal period. Its occurrence in adults is rare, this being the fifth case reported in literature. Improved follow-up techniques and in utero treatment have considerably improved prognosis. Differential diagnosis of pulmonary cysts should thus include this entity at all ages. Recurrent infection is usually the inaugural sign although all neighboring organs, including the heart, may be involved due to compression or extension of the inflammation. Clinical diagnosis is suggested by radiographic findings and is confirmed at pathology as surgery is generally indicated.