ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe health-related quality of life in Norwegian patients with narcolepsy compared with data from the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-seven patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy were included in the final analysis. Health-related quality of life was assessed by SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS: Men and women with narcolepsy had lower scores in all SF-36 domains, except vitality. Most profoundly affected were bodily pain (men: p = 0.0001, women: p = 0.0001), social function (men: p = 0.0001, women: p = 0.0001) and general health (men p = 0.04, women: p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Narcolepsy has a clear negative effect on quality of life which is not sufficiently counteracted by medical treatment. We suggest that earlier diagnosis and treatment after onset of symptoms may be important in reducing the negative effects on quality of life. Special attention should be paid to the patients social functioning and general well-being.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Narcolepsy/complications , Narcolepsy/psychology , Quality of Life , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Child , Cohort Studies , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Narcolepsy/therapy , Norway , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
The Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (Smittskyddsinstitutet - SMI) received no more than three reports of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O157 infections (EHEC) each year from 1988 to 1994. About half of these were due to E. coli O157. In July
Subject(s)
Contact Tracing/methods , Hylobates , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Perissodactyla , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Tuberculosis/veterinary , Animals , Female , Male , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/classification , Tuberculosis/pathology , Tuberculosis/transmission , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/pathology , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/transmission , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/veterinary , Tuberculosis, Miliary/pathology , Tuberculosis, Miliary/transmission , Tuberculosis, Miliary/veterinary , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/transmission , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/veterinaryABSTRACT
The antibiotic susceptibility, serovars and auxotypes were investigated in gonococcal strains isolated from all patients with gonorrhoea during one year in Stockholm, Sweden. The results were correlated to geographical origin of the infection. A total of 394 gonococcal strains were isolated from 392 patients, 135 (34%) women and 257 (66%) men. Beta-lactamase-producing gonococcal strains (PPNG) were isolated from 5% of the women and 16% of the men. Men had acquired their infection abroad more often than women (54% vs 33%) (P < 0.001). The majority (81%) of the PPNG infections were imported. Some serovars and auxotypes were more common among imported strains than among indigenous ones. All strains were sensitive to spectinomycin and 2 strains had decreased susceptibility to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Decreased susceptibility to benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, doxycycline and cefuroxime was related to the geographical origin of the strains with strains imported from regions other than Europe being the most resistant.
