Association of greenspaces exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic conditions are major contributors to the global burden of disease. An emerging body of evidence has associated access to and surrounding public open spaces (POS) and greenspace with cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, body mass index (BMI), hypertension (HTN), blood glucose (BG), and lipid profiles. This systematic review aimed to synthesize this evidence. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. Four electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles published until July 2023. All observational studies which assessed the association of greenspace and POS with cardiometabolic risk factors including obesity, BMI, HTN, BG, and lipid profiles were included and reviewed by two authors independently. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 index and Cochrane's Q test. Random/fixed effect meta-analyses were used to combine the association between greenspace exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS: Overall, 118 relevant articles were included in our review. The majority of the articles were conducted in North America or Europe. In qualitative synthesis, access or proximity to greenspaces or POS impacts BMI and blood pressure or HTN, BG, and lipid profiles via various mechanisms. According to the random effect meta-analysis, more access to greenspace was significantly associated with lower odds of HTN (odds ratio (OR): 0.81, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.61-0.99), obesity (OR: 0.83, 95% CIs: 0.77-0.90), and diabetes (OR:0.79, 95% CI: 0.67,0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that greenspace accessibility is associated with some cardiometabolic risk factors. Improving greenspace accessibility could be considered as one of the main strategies to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors at population level.

Determining the Content of a Melanoma Prevention and Care Mobile Application for Melanoma Patients: A Survey Study.

OBJECTS: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers and melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer. Since the Mobile based health interventions have significant effects in the management of diseases. This study aimed to determining the content of melanoma prevention and care application. METHODS: This is a descriptive study that was conducted in three stages. at first, in order to identify the features of the application, search was conducted based on PubMed, Google Scholar ، Scopus databases.  In the second step, in order to determine the content of information, articles and guidelines related to melanoma were searched. In the third stage, in order to ensure the validity of researcher-made questionnaire, a survey was conducted by 51 experts based on targeted sampling. The collected data were analyzed. RESULTS: demographic and clinical information and melanoma prevention training was common in 14 reviewed applications; The possibility of sending reminders for patients was less considered. Most of the articles have paid attention to the data elements: age, gender, history of sunburn, skin color and history of cancer, exposure to ultraviolet rays, how to care for the skin. The content of the melanoma prevention and care application consists of three general sections: 1- Demographic, clinical information and melanoma risk factors; 2- Educational needs; 3- Features and capabilities of the application for prevention and care  were formed. The results of the expert survey showed that 81% of the section1, 80% of the section2, and 91% of the section3 were approved. CONCLUSIONS: Mobile applications has an effective role in disease management and accelerating the provision of health services and reducing the costs of providing services. Melanoma prevention and care application can be an aid in patient education and ultimately better disease management in the field of prevention and care during the current crisis.

Sports Medicine: Scientometric of 10 Years of Global Scientific Productions.

Background: Sport Medicine maintains an active lifestyle and reduces or inhibits countless age-related changes in physical and physiological function by substituting sports methods for people. Improving the scientific situation in sports medicine over time will lead to progress in the field of prevention and reduction of mortality. This study aimed to analyze sports medicine research in the world in terms of scientometric indicators using the Scopus database. Methods: This is a bibilometric study. The study population consisted of all articles indexed in the Scopus citation database in the field of sports medicine, registered by researchers from 2011 to 2020. They used SciVal analytical tool as a bibliometric tool that allows the analysis of publications in various parameters, and VOSviewer and Excel software as drawing all citation maps. Results: The highest increase in scientific production of sports medicine was in 2015. Overall, 1,695 articles were published, which received an average of 13 citations per article. The highest rate of scientific production is related to the United States with 41%, followed by the United Kingdom with 16% and Australia with 9%, with a significant difference in the second and third which indicates the high quality and impact of this group of studies. The British Journal of Sports Medicine has contributed the most to the publication of highly cited articles. The most commonly used terms include "Head Impact", "Athletes", and "Sport Injury". Conclusion: Considering the importance of sports medicine in the prevention, control and treatment of many diseases, as well as the growth of the elderly population, it is necessary to develop research in this area. By identifying the features of highly cited articles in this field, a clear view of the top authors and publications and widely used topics was provided.

Situation analysis model of hospital emergency department promotion in Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Background and Aim: The present study was conducted to develop a situation analysis model for Iran's hospitals' emergency departments (EDs). Methods: The current research was a descriptive cross-sectional applied study in three stages. The studies were reviewed in various library resources and valid sites in the first stage. In the second stage, the analysis model of the ED in Iran was presented. In the third stage, the model was validated based on the Delphi technique, and the final model was presented. Results: The final situation analysis model of ED in Iran was approved in four main aspects, including goals, internal factors, external factors, and organizations and institutions participating in the situation analysis, and its implementation schedule was approved by 90% of experts. Conclusion: Considering the importance of situation analysis in developing a strategic plan and improving the quality of health services in the ED of hospitals, implementing a coherent situation analysis model that includes all aspects leading to improving the ED quality and analyzing the internal and external factors is vital.

Mapping Global Research in Emergency Medicine; a Bibliometric Analysis of Documents Indexed in the Web of Science Database.

Introduction: Emergency medicine is a relatively new and rapidly growing specialty, and its research monitoring is important for future policies. This study aimed to analyze the published literature related to emergency medicine, to create a documented research perspective for this field. Methods: This research is a bibliometric study that analyzes the research outputs of the subject area of emergency medicine indexed in the Web of Science database from the beginning to 2023. VOSviewer software was used to visualize and predict the trends in research on the topic. Results: The findings showed that the University of California, The Journal of Neurotrauma and Brain Injury, Elsevier, and the USA were the most prolific units in the cycle of scientific productions in the field of emergency medicine. Results showed that most scientific productions in this field fall into 6 clusters: psychological impressions, injuries caused by traumatic events and the effects of traumas on children, pathophysiology and nervous system issues and related diseases, complications of traumatic events and injuries, biomechanics and complications caused by sports injuries, and consciousness. Conclusion: In addition to interventions and clinical complications, research in the field of emergency medicine has also focused on psychological structures. So, based on various measurement indicators, the subjects of this field have been the focus of researchers' attention.

Challenges of implementing diagnostic-related groups and healthcare promotion in Iran: A strategic applied research.

Background and Aim: Implementing the diagnostic-related groups (DRGs) promotes the efficiency of healthcare. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the challenges facing implementing the DRGs in Iran. Methods: The present study is a strategic applied research conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the challenges facing DRGs were extracted through a literature review. Then the collected data is entered into a checklist consisting of five sections including technological, cultural, organizational, strategic, and natural challenges. In the second phase, data were collected by purposive sampling and semistructured interviews with 10 managers of the Medical Services Organization of Tehran, Iran. Data analysis was performed by conventional content analysis using MAXQDA software and descriptive using SPSS software version 19. Results: The challenges facing the implementing DGRs from the experts' perspective included technological, organizational, nature, strategic, and cultural in order of priority. The three main fundamental challenges were reported; lack of integrating the DGRs with health information system (70%), frequent changes of management (70%), reducing the quality of care following early patient discharge (60%). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the DRG system faced with challenges and healthcare officials should apply policies and guidelines to reform the system before changing the reimbursement system in Iran. By considering the leading countries experiences in the nationalizing the DRG system field, the problems and solutions of the system can be identified and aid in the more successful implementation of these systems.

Eye Injury Registries: A Review on Key Registry Processes.

Background: Data management related to eye injuries is vital in improving care process, improving treatment and implementing preventive programs. Implementation of a registry to manage data is an integral part of this process. This systematic review aimed to identify processes related to eye injury registries. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus were used in searching for articles from 2010 to Oct 2020 using the keywords "eye injuries" and" registry". The identified processes related to eye injuries registry such as case finding, data collection, abstracting, reporting, follow-up and data quality control are presented in this review. Results: Of 1493 articles retrieved, 30 articles were selected for this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Majority of these studies were conducted in the United States. All registries had case finding and the most common resources for case finding included medical documents, reports and screening results. Moreover, majority of registries collected data electronically. However, few registries used data quality attributes to improve the data collected. Conclusion: Eye injury registry plays an important role in the management of eye injury data and as a result, better management of these data will be established. Taking into consideration that the quality of collected data has a vital role in adopting prevention strategies, it is essential to use high-quality data and quality control methods in planning and designing eye injury registries.

Proposing a Model for the National Hemovigilance Information System in Iran.

The present study aimed to propose a model for the national hemovigilance information system with a database approach, considering the importance and necessity of developing an information system for such a network. This is an applied, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 2018. The research population comprised hemovigilance information systems in advanced countries, including the USA, UK, Australia, and France. Data were collected from library sources and the Internet from 2000 to 2018. The proposed model for the national hemovigilance information system was introduced using comparative tables and based on the similarities and differences of systems in the studied countries. The proposed model was then validated using the two-step Delphi technique through a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed, and reliability was approved by a Cronbach's alpha of 94%. The final model of the national hemovigilance information system comprised five main components: goals, organizations involved in the blood transfusion process, databases of blood transfusion organizations, data transfer flow between the databases of blood transfusion organizations, and transferable datasets, and hemovigilance-related committees. This model was approved by experts with an >85% agreement coefficient. The national hemovigilance information system with a database approach can improve blood transfusion health by providing access to reliable sources on blood transfusion complications to everyone, especially the medical community. Thus, it is essential to implement this standard accurately and precisely control the practical methods of this process based on international guidelines.

Some Effective Factors on the Webometric Status of Selected Universities of Medical Sciences: Lessons Learned from Iran.

BACKGROUND: Web is considered an important tool for formal and informal communication and cooperation among members of the community including researchers. Universities' websites played a significant role in the development of social structure through the creation of cyberspace. We aimed to evaluate the growth and Webometrics rankings of the country's medical universities web sites base on interventional approach. METHODS: This interventional study assessed Iranian universities of medical sciences' websites from the periods of Jan 2015, Jul 2015 and Jan 2016. Medical universities websites were ranked based on four Webometrics indicators; PRESENCE, VISIBILITY, OPENNESS, and EXCELLENCE. To enhance the ranking of websites, 4 strategies were introduced in 3 seminars conducted from Jan to Jul 2015. Information needed from these 30 medical universities were obtained from Webometrics Ranking of World Universities based on 4 indicators and were collected in 2 steps (before and after introduction of strategies). RESULTS: About 21% to 70% of the country's medical universities have increased ranking after the interventions while 9% to 30% obtained a downward trend in their rankings, Tehran University of Medical Sciences obtained the highest rank followed by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and the third rank was obtained by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. CONCLUSION: The presence of websites play a vital role in the academic community. Doubtlessly, the idea of designing and launching a website without any knowledge of the principles and standards would be problematic and impossible.