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1.
PLoS One ; 16(6): e0252583, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34086753

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) systems exist to reduce death and disability from life-threatening medical emergencies. Less than 9% of the African population is serviced by an emergency medical services transportation system, and nearly two-thirds of African countries do not have any known EMS system in place. One of the leading reasons for EMS utilization in Africa is for obstetric emergencies. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide a qualitative description and summation of previously described interventions to improve access to care for patients with maternal obstetric emergencies in Africa with the intent of identifying interventions that can innovatively be translated to a broader emergency context. METHODS: The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) under the number CRD42018105371. We searched the following electronic databases for all abstracts up to 10/19/2020 in accordance to PRISMA guidelines: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and African Index Medicus. Articles were included if they were focused on a specific mode of transportation or an access-to-care solution for hospital or outpatient clinic care in Africa for maternal or traumatic emergency conditions. Exclusion criteria included in-hospital solutions intended to address a lack of access. Reference and citation analyses were performed, and a data quality assessment was conducted. Data analysis was performed using a qualitative metasynthesis approach. FINDINGS: A total of 6,457 references were imported for screening and 1,757 duplicates were removed. Of the 4,700 studies that were screened against title and abstract, 4,485 studies were excluded. Finally, 215 studies were assessed for full-text eligibility and 152 studies were excluded. A final count of 63 studies were included in the systematic review. In the 63 studies that were included, there was representation from 20 countries in Africa. The three most common interventions included specific transportation solutions (n = 39), community engagement (n = 28) and education or training initiatives (n = 27). Over half of the studies included more than one category of intervention. INTERPRETATION: Emergency care systems across Africa are understudied and interventions to improve access to care for obstetric emergencies provides important insight into existing solutions for other types of emergency conditions. Physical access to means of transportation, efforts to increase layperson knowledge and recognition of emergent conditions, and community engagement hold the most promise for future efforts at improving emergency access to care.


Subject(s)
Emergency Medical Services , Health Services Accessibility , Africa , Databases, Factual , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Health Services Accessibility/standards , Humans , Transportation/economics
4.
In. Chacín Alvarez, Luis Fernando. Diabetes 2001. Caracas, Hospital Vargas. Unidad de Diabetes, 2001. p.223-233, graf.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-319523

ABSTRACT

Serendipidad (serendipity), palabra inventada por Horace Walpole, escritor inglés del siglo XVIII y relacionada con los "tres principes del Serendip" (antiguo nombre del Ceilán). En medicina expresa un descubrimiento logrado por accidente o casualidad. Sería la acción de descubrir algo mientras se busca otra cosa. Esta situación se produjo en relación al descubrimiento de la utilidad clínica de la determinación de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbG) por Rabhar en 1968; cuando investigando hemoglobinopatías anormales en poblaciones de Irán, encontró "serendipity". El hallazgo fue confirmado posteriormente al estudiar otros 47 casos. El presente es un trabajo descriptivo; en el que reportamos el hallazgo casual de diversas hemoglobinopatías en 437 pacientes diabéticos en quienes se estudiaba la calidad del control metabólico a través de la determinación de HbG, por el método de electroforesis de proteínas en agar gel a pH 6,1. De 437 pacientes, 13 de ellos (3 por ciento) presentaron hemoglobinopatías de diferentes tipos. Conformado este grupo por 8 pacientes (61 por ciento) del sexo femenino y 5 pacientes (39 por ciento) del sexo masculino, con un promedio de edad de 42,3 años y un valor promedio de HbG de 15,6 por ciento, 10 pacientes (77 por ciento) presentaron rasgos falciforme (HbSA), 1 paciente (7,7 por ciento) anemía falciforme (HbSS) y 2 pacientes (15,3 por ciento), rasgo talasémico (HbAA)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus , Hemoglobinopathies , Patients , Medicine , Venezuela
5.
Arch. Hosp. Vargas ; 41(1/2): 43-7, ene.-jun. 1999. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-259251

ABSTRACT

Serendipidad (Serendipity), palabra inventada por Horace Walpole, escritor inglés del siglo XVIII y relación con los "tres príncipes del Serendip" (antiguo nombre del Ceilán). En medicina expresa un descubrimiento logrado por accidente o casualidad. Sería la acción de descubrir algo mientras se busca otra cosa. Esta situación se produjo en relación al descubrimiento de la utilidad clínica de la determinación de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbG) por Rabhar en 1968; cuando investigando hemoglobinopatías anormales en poblaciones de Irán, encontró dos pacientes diabéticos con niveles elevados de HbG "serendipity". El hallazgo fue confirmado posteriormente al estudiar otros 47 casos. El presente es un trabajo descriptivo; en el que reportamos el hallazgo casual de diversas hemoglobinopatías en 437 pacientes diabéticos en quienes se estudiaba la calidad del control metabólico a través de la determinación del HbG, por el método de electroforesis de proteínas en agar gel a pH 6,1. De 437 pacientes, 13 de ellos (3 por ciento) presentaron hemoglobinopatías de diferentes tipos. Conformado este grupo por 8 pacientes (61 por ciento) del sexo femenino y 5 pacientes (39 por ciento) del sexo masculino, con un promedio de edad de 42.3 años y un valor promedio de HbG de 15 por ciento, 10 pacientes (77 por ciento) presentaron rasgo falciforme (HbSA), 1 paciente (7,7 por ciento) anemia falciforme (HbSS) y 2 pacientes (15,3 por ciento), rasgo talasémico (HbAA)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Hemoglobinopathies/prevention & control , Hemoglobinopathies/therapy , Hemoglobins/administration & dosage , Hemoglobins/therapeutic use
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