Parent affective responses to observed adolescent disclosures in the context of type 1 diabetes management.

Rates of Type 1 diabetes are rising, and diabetes management often deteriorates during adolescence. Adolescent disclosure to parents is a key factor for effective diabetes management, and parent affective responses to disclosures affect the timing of future disclosures in healthy populations, but no studies to our knowledge have examined parent affective behaviors that facilitate or inhibit disclosure in the context of managing Type 1 diabetes. The present study examined how observed parental affective responses to adolescent disclosures predict the timing of subsequent disclosures during a discussion task in a sample of adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and their parents (N = 66 dyads). Generalized linear mixed models were used to test whether increased or decreased levels of parent affect relative to their emotional baseline response to adolescent disclosures predicted the timing of subsequent disclosures. Adolescents took longer to disclose again when parents responded to prior adolescent disclosures with higher levels of anger and of positive affect relative to their baseline levels of these emotions. Findings suggest that parental affective responses to disclosures have implications for adolescent disclosure in the context of chronic illness management. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

How Socioeconomic Status and Acculturation Relate to Dietary Behaviors Within Latino Populations.

PURPOSE: Despite having lower socioeconomic status, Latinos in the US experience fewer adverse health outcomes than non-Latinos. However, they are disproportionately affected by diet-related diseases. Among other racial/ethnic groups, high acculturation and low socioeconomic status are associated with worse dietary intake, yet, few studies have investigated these relationships among Latinos. DESIGN: 2013-2014 NHANES analyzed to examine pathways through which acculturation, income, nativity, and food security are associated with dietary behaviors. SETTING: U.S. population-based survey. SAMPLE: Survey respondents >18 years old and identified as Latino/Hispanic (N = 1197; 53.88% female; Mage = 44.61). MEASURES: Primary language spoken (acculturation), total household income (income), place of birth (nativity), Food security, and the Flexible Consumer Behavior Survey (dietary behavior). ANALYSIS: Univariate and multivariate regressions in STATA. Covariates include length of time in the US, ethnicity/Hispanic origin (i.e., "Mexican American" or "Other Hispanic"), and gender. RESULTS: Nativity (ß = -1.16; SE = .19; P < .001) and income (ß = .39; SE = .07; P < .001) were significant predictors of dietary behavior. Foreign-born Latinos and those with lower income consumed significantly lower numbers of fast-food or pizza. Food security was not a significant predictor of dietary behavior (ß = .16; SE = .1; P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that income is not a protective factor against unhealthy dietary behavior and a renewed importance of nativity as a predictor of health behavior among Latinos.