ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Mozambique has one of the highest incidence rates of both TB and HIV in the world and an estimated tuberculosis (TB) treatment coverage of only 57% in 2018. Numerous approaches are being tested to reduce existing gaps in coverage and the estimated number of missing cases. METHODS: Thirty Community Healthcare Workers (CHWs) were tasked with increasing TB notifications by performing verbal facility-based TB screening of all people presenting for care and TB contact tracing in the community. Using routine National TB Program data, we analyzed trends in TB notifications in five intervention districts and seven control districts in Manica province the year before this project and during a one-year intervention period. RESULTS: In the four quarters before the study, the intervention districts notified 5,219 individuals with all forms of TB, and the control districts notified 2,248 TB cases. During the study 5,982 all forms of people with TB were notified in the intervention area, an increase of 763 (14.6%) over the baseline, whereas the control districts notified 1,877 persons with TB, a decrease of -371 (-16.5%). The CHW screening activities yielded 1,502 notified and treated individuals with TB. CONCLUSIONS: Employing CHWs to promote facility-based TB screening and household contact tracing may lead to an overall increase in TB notification.
Subject(s)
Community Health Workers , Residence Characteristics , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Humans , Mozambique/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto del mensaje de teléfono móvil sobre la participación de las mujeres en un programa de detección precoz de cáncer de mama. Métodos. Se seleccionaron las 703 mujeres de un área básica de salud de Barcelona, invitadas a participar en un programa de detección precoz de cáncer de mama entre el 25 de enero de 2011 y el 22 de marzo de 2011 y con número de teléfono móvil registrado. Aleatoriamente se asignaron a grupo control (n = 470), que siguió el circuito habitual de citación, y grupo de intervención (n = 233), el cual recibió además un mensaje de texto recordatorio, tras la primera carta de invitación. Se compararon las tasas de participación entre ambos grupos según la edad, el nivel educativo y el comportamiento en ronda anterior, el número de llamadas de recitación según la participación, la edad y el nivel educativo y las diferencias en los porcentajes de exclusiones. Resultados. Globalmente el grupo de intervención presentó mayor participación (78,1 vs. 72,3%), tendencia que obtuvo significación estadística en las mujeres de 55-59 años (p = 0,036) y con nivel educativo medio (p = 0,014). El grupo de intervención presentó una media de llamadas de recitación significativamente menor (0,41 vs. 0,65), patrón observado en todas las categorías de las variables independientes y significativo en las franjas de edad más jóvenes, niveles educativos bajo y medio y mujeres previamente participantes (0,09 vs. 0,19, p = 0,012). Conclusiones. La incorporación del mensaje de teléfono móvil en un programa de detección precoz de cáncer de mama puede suponer un aumento de las tasas de participación y una mejora en la gestión del mismo (AU)
Objective. To evaluate the impact of a mobile phone short message on women's uptake in a breast cancer screening programme. Methods. A total of 703 women from a Basic Health Area of Barcelona, and with a mobile phone number registered, were invited to participate in a breast cancer screening programme between 25 January 2011 and 22 March 2011. The control group (n = 470) followed the usual appointment track, and the intervention group (n = 233) received, after the first letter of invitation, a mobile phone short message reminder. The differences between the two groups were analysed, comparing the uptake rates according to age, educational level, and participation in previous round, as well as the number of re-invitation calls to non-attenders according to uptake, age and level of education;and the percentages of exclusions of both groups. Results. The intervention group had a greater uptake than the control group (78.1% vs. 72.3%), with a significant trend observed in the 55-59 years age group (P = .036) and the low secondary educational level (P = .014).The intervention group mean of re-invitation calls of non-attenders lower than the control group (.41 vs. .65, P < .05), a pattern observed in all the categories of the independent variables, and among younger age groups, lower and middle educational levels, and previously participating women (.09 vs. .19, P = .012). Conclusions. The inclusion of a mobile phone short message in a breast cancer screening programme may increase uptake rates and lead to a management improvement (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cell Phone/trends , Cell Phone , Mass Screening , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Patient Participation/methods , Patient Participation/psychology , Patient Participation/trends , Appointments and Schedules , Community Participation/trends , 28599ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a mobile phone short message on women's uptake in a breast cancer screening programme. METHODS: A total of 703 women from a Basic Health Area of Barcelona, and with a mobile phone number registered, were invited to participate in a breast cancer screening programme between 25 January 2011 and 22 March 2011. The control group (n=470) followed the usual appointment track, and the intervention group (n=233) received, after the first letter of invitation, a mobile phone short message reminder. The differences between the two groups were analysed, comparing the uptake rates according to age, educational level, and participation in previous round, as well as the number of re-invitation calls to non-attenders according to uptake, age and level of education;and the percentages of exclusions of both groups. RESULTS: The intervention group had a greater uptake than the control group (78.1% vs. 72.3%), with a significant trend observed in the 55-59 years age group (P=.036) and the low secondary educational level (P=.014).The intervention group mean of re-invitation calls of non-attenders lower than the control group (.41 vs. .65, P<.05), a pattern observed in all the categories of the independent variables, and among younger age groups, lower and middle educational levels, and previously participating women (.09 vs. .19, P=.012). CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of a mobile phone short message in a breast cancer screening programme may increase uptake rates and lead to a management improvement.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Early Detection of Cancer , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Text Messaging , Aged , Algorithms , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the presence of ossification of the sesamoid bone of the thumb as a function of age and compare the results to data from the atlas by Greulich and Pyle describing the ossification of this bone in girls of 11 years and boys of 13 years. Materials and methods. Prospective study of 1372 children (780 boys and 592 girls between the ages of 0.4 and 19.7 years, mean age of 9.7 years) with known chronological age requiring radiographic evaluation of the wrist-hand after minor trauma. The presence of a sesamoid was analyzed by logistic regression using the method of probits. RESULTS: The minimum and maximum ages in our sample population were 10-15.1 years for boys and 8.8-15.2 years for girls. The P50 value (method of probits) corresponded to the chronological age at which 50% of the population had a visible sesamoid. It was 12.1 years for boys and 10.2 years for girls. CONCLUSION: The timing of ossification of the sesamoid of the thumb is widely variable. Ossification of this sesamoid should not be used as a precise indicator when determining bone age using the atlas by Greulich and Pyle.
Subject(s)
Age Determination by Skeleton/methods , Finger Phalanges/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Prospective Studies , Thumb , Young AdultABSTRACT
El presente trabajo tiene por objeto estudiar las características antropométricas (somatológicas) de un grupo poblacional indígena, huilliches, que habitan en la localidad de San Juan de la Costa, Provincia de Osorno. Uno de los aspectos considerados para este estudio es el análisis de los rasgos dermatoglíficos en 14 características, en otros grupos tanto del Norte como del Sur del país. Se utilizó el método de Faurot mencionado por Sarah Holt. En este informe preliminar se analizan 100 muestras observándose las frecuencias y porcentajes de los distintos patrones
