ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Neurosciences/history , Neurosciences/methods , Bacteriology/education , Bacteriology/ethics , Bacteriology/history , Neurophysiology/history , Neurophysiology/methods , Nobel PrizeABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pathology, Clinical/history , History of Medicine , Nerve RegenerationABSTRACT
The retrospective analysis of 54 cases of neuroblastoma taken from the files of the Department of Pathology, University of Santiago Hospital, Spain, and the Ludwig-Aschoff Institute of Pathology, University of Freiburg, Germany confirmed the validity and significance of various clinical and histopathological features when trying to establish the prognosis and the proper therapeutic approach in a given case of neuroblastoma. When the age of the patients was compared to survival it was shown that all but three of the patients older than 2 years of age had died from tumor within ten months. In contrast, there was a 37.5% five-year survival rate among patients who were 24 months of age or younger at the time of diagnosis and treatment. The primary tumor was located in the adrenal gland in 27 cases (50%), in 9 cases (17%) the tumor was retroperitoneal but extra-adrenal, and in the remaining 18 patients (33%) the tumor arose from the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia. Adrenal primaries behaved in an extremely aggressive manner as all but three patients with tumors at this location were dead within 18 months. Retroperitoneal extra-adrenal neuroblastomas followed an almost equally poor outcome with only one five-year survivor (11%). In contrast, 49% of the patients with paravertebral neuroblastoma had survived five years and a further 33% were alive with shorter follow-up. According to histological criteria, there were 6 grade I tumors, 15 grade II and 33 grade III tumors in our series. All grade I tumors were clinical stage I at diagnosis and all are alive 2 to 3 1/2 years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Ganglia, Sympathetic/pathology , Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue/pathology , Neuroblastoma/pathology , Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Male , Prognosis , Survival Analysis , White PeopleABSTRACT
Prevertebral ganglia of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes have been studied by electron microscope, in different periods of evolution of the illness. The cytoplasm of the ganglion cells showed dense deposits of neurofilaments and several degenerative changes as vacuolization and accumulation of residual bodies. The unmyelinated axons were markedly swollen showing degenerative and dystrophic changes which increased with the duration of the diabetes. Control animals of the same age did not show this type of changes.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/pathology , Ganglia, Sympathetic/ultrastructure , Animals , Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic/ultrastructure , Axons/ultrastructure , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Myelin Sheath/ultrastructure , Nerve Degeneration , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , StreptozocinABSTRACT
A case of renal angiomas, located on the tip of the papillae, presented with severe hematuria which required several blood transfusions. Radiological studies including arteriography were negative. The diagnosis was confirmed by intraoperative nephroscopy and histology.
Subject(s)
Hemangioma, Cavernous , Kidney Neoplasms , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
In this study, morphological changes which occur in the small intestine of hypothyroid rats are described. Hypothyroidism was induced during the first 24 h postnataly. - Samples from duodenojejunal and ileocecal junctions were taken, and histologic, histomorphometric, and ultrastructural studies were performed. The most prominent feature was the decrease of the villous height and total mucosal thickness. At electron microscopic level, microvillous height was also markedly decreased. These changes probably represent a direct effect of hormonal deprivation upon the intestinal mucosa, combined with the effect that hypothyroidism may have on the villi.
Subject(s)
Hypothyroidism/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Animals , Duodenum/pathology , Ileum/pathology , Iodine Radioisotopes , Jejunum/pathology , Male , Microscopy, Electron , RatsABSTRACT
Experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was induced in guinea-pigs by intradermal injection of rabbit peripheral nerve emulsified in Freund's adjuvant. Both sciatic nerves were obtained between 12--24 hr after clinical symptoms were evident. Several fascicles from each nerve were isolated for histochemical studies with NADH-diaphorase (NADH) and acid phosphatase (AP) applied to teased nerve fibres. Small pieces were processed for electron microscopy, and a fascicle was teased after staining with osmium tetroxide. In isolated nerve fibres stained with histochemical techniques myelin lesions of segmental character were found closely related to inflammatory cells; Schwann cell cytoplasm in contact with mononuclear cells showing a heavy enzymatic activity (NADH and AP). Under polarized light, the underliying myelin showed focal loss of birefringence. Some electron-microscopic pictures suggested active myelin breakdown by mononuclear cells. The possibility of primary Schwann cell damage by mononuclear cells with subsequent demyelination is discussed.
