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8.
Domest Anim Endocrinol ; 74: 106519, 2021 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32739765

ABSTRACT

Peripheral serotonin regulates energy metabolism in several mammalian species, however, the potential contribution of serotonergic mechanisms as metabolic and endocrine regulators in growing dairy calves remain unexplored. Objectives were to characterize the role of serotonin in glucose and insulin metabolism in dairy calves with increased serotonin bioavailability. Milk replacer was supplemented with saline, 5-hydroxytryptophan (90 mg/d), or fluoxetine (40 mg/d) for 10-d (n = 8/treatment). Blood was collected daily during supplementation and on days 2, 7, and 14 during withdrawal. Calves were euthanized after 10-d supplementation or 14-d withdrawal periods to harvest liver and pancreas tissue. 5-hydroxytryptophan increased circulating insulin concentrations during the supplementation period, whereas both treatments increased circulating glucose concentration during the withdrawal period. The liver and pancreas of preweaned calves express serotonin factors (ie, TPH1, SERT, and cell surface receptors), indicating their ability to synthesize, uptake, and respond to serotonin. Supplementation of 5-hydroxytryptophan increased hepatic and pancreatic serotonin concentrations. After the withdrawal period, fluoxetine cleared from the pancreas but not liver tissue. Supplementation of 5-hydroxytryptophan upregulated hepatic mRNA expression of serotonin receptors (ie, 5-HTR1B, -1D, -2A, and -2B), and downregulated pancreatic 5-HTR1F mRNA and insulin-related proteins (ie, Akt and pAkt). Fluoxetine-supplemented calves had fewer pancreatic islets per microscopic field with reduced insulin intensity, whereas 5-hydroxytryptophan supplemented calves had increased islet number and area with greater insulin and serotonin and less glucagon intensities. After the 14-d withdrawal of 5-hydroxytryptophan, hepatic mRNA expression of glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes were simultaneously downregulated. Improving serotonin bioavailability could serve as a potent regulator of endocrine and metabolic processes in dairy calves.


Subject(s)
Cattle/metabolism , Serotonin/physiology , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/administration & dosage , Animals , Blood Glucose/analysis , Fluoxetine/administration & dosage , Fluoxetine/blood , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Glucagon/analysis , Insulin/analysis , Insulin/blood , Liver/chemistry , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Pancreas/chemistry , Pancreas/drug effects , Pancreas/metabolism , Serotonin/analysis , Serotonin/blood
10.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol ; 34(10): 2409-2413, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32421881

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a lymphocytic scarring alopecia whose worldwide incidence is rising. Environmental triggers combined with genetic predisposition represent one of the current hypotheses in FFA aetiology. Familial clusters are opportunities to investigate the genetic basis of diseases. OBJECTIVES: Assess human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genetic variability in a Brazilian sample of a large familial cluster (six sisters and one daughter) with FFA, unnafected familiar members and sporadic cases of FFA. METHODS: We addressed the HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-G and HLA-E genetic variability in this family and in seven sporadic FFA cases, comparing allele frequencies with those reported for the São Paulo State from Brazil. RESULTS: Two susceptibility haplotypes, C*17:01:01:02/B*42:01:01:01 and C*07:02:01:03/B*07:02:01:01, were identified among familial cases and also in sporadic cases. The first haplotype is rare among Brazilians, and it was not previously reported as being associated with FFA. Both alleles were found in some different unaffected familiars, what emphasizes the role of environmental triggers in disease development. HLA-A, HLA-G and HLA-E genes were not associated to familiar nor FFA sporadic cases. CONCLUSION: The identification of susceptibility haplotypes in FFA reinforces the genetic predisposition to the disease.


Subject(s)
Alopecia , Lichen Planus , Alleles , Alopecia/genetics , Brazil , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Haplotypes , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II , Humans
12.
Int J Cosmet Sci ; 38(6): 651-654, 2016 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27163333

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate apoptosis in hair follicles of patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL) and its association with follicular microinflammation. METHOD: Cross-sectional study involving 17 women with FPHL and five controls. Scalp skin samples were processed for HE and TUNEL assays. The variables were compared according to the categories of follicles (terminal versus miniaturized) and groups of patients (FPHL vs. controls). RESULTS: There was a higher apoptosis index among miniaturized follicles and among the test cases (P < 0.01). Microinflammation was prominent among miniaturized follicles, especially from FPHL (P = 0.02). In addition, a positive correlation between inflammatory infiltrate and apoptosis in miniaturized follicles (rS = 0.68; P < 0.01) was found. CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis was prominent in hair follicles from the FPHL group, as well as in miniaturized ones. Moreover, it was also correlated with the inflammatory infiltrate, which suggests that inflammation can lead to apoptosis and play a role in the pathogenesis of follicle miniaturization.


Subject(s)
Alopecia/pathology , Apoptosis , Hair Follicle/pathology , Inflammation/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , In Situ Nick-End Labeling
13.
An Esp Pediatr ; 51(1): 9-15, 1999 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10452139

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This work has been carried out as a cooperation project between University and High School Departments. Its objective was to evaluate the nutritional and physical status and eating habits in an urban adolescent population of Madrid. The study presents data about anthropometrical analyses and physical performance. SAMPLE AND METHODS: The sample analyzed was composed of 183 males and 222 females between 14 and 18 years of age. The nutritional status was analyzed by means of stature, weight, skinfold thickness and arm circumference, body mass index (BMI), and lean, fat and total upper arm areas. For physical fitness analysis, the EUROFIT battery was used (plate tapping, trunk and arm flexion, 10 x 5 run, horizontal jump, abdominals in 30 seconds and manual dynamometry). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: With regard to the anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness, the analyzed population is slightly above the reference standard, mainly in the youngest age studied. Percentage of obese subjects was 14.7% in males and 5.8% in females. In regard to physical fitness, the males surpassed the 50th percentile of the EUROFIT battery in almost all of the trials. The average in the female subjects was slightly inferior to the reference standards.


Subject(s)
Nutritional Status , Physical Fitness , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Female , Humans , Male , Spain , Urban Health , Urban Population
14.
São Paulo; SMS; 1998. 1 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS, COVISA-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-937999
15.
São Paulo; SMS; 1998. 1 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS, COVISA-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-938031
16.
São Paulo; SMS; 1998. 1 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, COVISA-Producao, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, Sec. Munic. Saúde SP | ID: sms-4257
18.
Rev. chil. anest ; 20(1): 21-5, jun. 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-152929

ABSTRACT

Presentamos un caso de un paciente que sufre politraumatismo, incluyendo un trauma raquimedular con paraplejia con nivel motor T9 y traumatismo torácico predominante unilateral con atelectasia masiva del pulmón izquierdo, refractaria al tratamiento habitual, incluyendo ventilación mecánica con PEEP que respondió favorablemente a la aplicación de ventilación mecánica diferencial asincrónica. Este es un método si bien, excepcional, que puede ser de franca utilidad en la resolución terapéutica de patología pulmonar unilateral como en nuestro caso


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Thoracic Injuries/therapy , Hemodynamics/physiology , Pulmonary Gas Exchange/physiology
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