ABSTRACT
Death following tonsillectomy in children is very rare. It is most commonly due to bleeding or aspiration. But, there is another potentially lethal complication following the pediatric tonsillectomy, post-surgical hyponatremia. Acute hyponatremia can lead to catastrophic neurological sequelae. Although this cmplication is not related to the surgical technique, it is potentially life-threatening. The most important factor for hospital acquired hyponatremia is the administration of excessive amounts of hypotonic fluid in situations in wich antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted for non osmotic reasons. We will discuss the etiology and pathophysiology of post-operative hyponatremia. We expect that fatal post-operative hyponatremia can be avoided in pediatric tonsillectomy patients.
Subject(s)
Hyponatremia/etiology , Tonsillectomy/adverse effects , Cause of Death , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hyponatremia/diagnosis , Hyponatremia/therapyABSTRACT
Nasal tuberculosis represents a rare manifestation of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clinically, it appeared to resemble cancer presenting as a nasopharyngeal mass with concomitant enlarged lymph nodes. It is important to consider tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of all nasopharyngeal lesions and take biopsy samples for histological and bacteriological studies. Antituberculosis treatment is satisfactory with standard anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Although this is a rare finding, it should be considered when a patient presents with nasal obstruction.
Subject(s)
Nasal Obstruction/etiology , Nasopharyngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Nasopharyngeal Diseases/microbiologyABSTRACT
The Riedel's thyroiditis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland characterized by a process of fibrosis that destroys the gland partially, extending to the adjacent cervical structures. Its origin is unknown, although there are several theories in this respect. The clinical manifestations are not specific and it confuses frequently with neoplasia or infection, like a hard and painless thyroid mass that causes compressive symptoms. In this work, we report a case with lethal outcome.
Subject(s)
Thyroiditis/diagnostic imaging , Thyroiditis/pathology , Aged , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Radiography, Thoracic/methods , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
The entity known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), or Rosai-Dorfman disease, is an uncommon benign proliferation of hematopoietic and fibrous tissue is that often present in the head and neck region. Its initial manifestations include bilateral cervical adenopathies, and in a high percentage it has an extranodal affectation. Its cause is unknown and it usually resolves satisfactorily. We present a case and we revise the literature.
Subject(s)
Histiocytosis, Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Child , Female , Histiocytosis, Sinus/microbiology , Histiocytosis, Sinus/pathology , Humans , Neck , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Neurosurgery is the commonest way of treating meningoencephaloceles, but there are cases with certain particularities allowing microsurgical approach through the nose, for instance nasoethmoidal sitting, small size,... We report our experience of 2 cases of meningoencephalocele removed through this approach, one of them reoperated because tumor recurrence.
Subject(s)
Encephalocele/surgery , Meningocele/surgery , Encephalocele/complications , Encephalocele/diagnostic imaging , Endoscopy/methods , Female , Humans , Infant , Meningocele/complications , Meningocele/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The paper deals with a review of 25 cases of infantile dizziness done for a term of 10 years. The protocol employed in the study, the characteristics and the follow-up of the crises are contemplated.
Subject(s)
Vertigo/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Electroencephalography , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Spain/epidemiology , Vertigo/diagnosisABSTRACT
Hypertrophy of the adenoids and tonsils in children sometimes produces life-threatening upper airway obstruction that requires emergency endotracheal intubation followed by adenotonsillectomy. Four patients, age range 18 months to 3 years, who required emergency treatment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit were studied for acute respiratory distress syndrome with cyanosis and use of accessory respiratory muscles. Two had orotracheal intubation to stabilize their cardiorespiratory situation before surgery. One presented cardiomegaly and secondary pulmonary arterial hypertension. The third remained stable and adequately ventilated with naso-hypopharyngeal ventilation. The fourth remained in intensive care for its clinical situation, but did not require exceptional measures.
Subject(s)
Adenoidectomy , Adenoids/physiopathology , Emergency Medical Services , Palatine Tonsil/physiopathology , Tonsillectomy , Adenoids/surgery , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Male , Palatine Tonsil/surgeryABSTRACT
Meningiomas are tumours which first symptomatology are related to its sitting. When localized in the posterior fossa present as otological complaints and may mimic other otological conditions. The AA. report 3 meningioma cases starting with audiovestibular pictures. All were both electrophysiologically and radioimaging studied and underwent an otoneurologic procedure and the histopathological verification. The paper underlines the importance of these cases for ENT-specialist under both the clinical and surgical point of view.
