Breast Metastasis From Cutaneous Melanoma: Beyond the Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma.

Breast metastases of extramammary origin are an extremely rare entity. Solid organ metastases to the breast include malignant melanoma, epithelial carcinoma (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and gastrointestinal tract), and sarcoma. A breast neoplasm can be caused by a primary tumor, in-transit metastasis, breast metastasis, and skin metastasis. A 42-year-old female patient presented with a hyperpigmented lesion on the first finger of her left hand. An incisional biopsy was carried out, reporting pigmented epithelioid melanoma. Amputation of the finger was performed, as well as an axillary sentinel lymph node excision. Later during the treatment and follow-up by medical oncology, a breast tumor was located, followed by a protocol and the approach of possible differential diagnoses. Finally, it was characterized as metastatic cutaneous melanoma. The therapeutic approach regarding the possible origin of the metastatic neoplastic character of breast tumors culminated in this case in the palliative treatment with immunotherapy of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The diagnosis of breast metastases from cutaneous malignant melanoma is a real challenge, so an extensive history and high clinical suspicion are crucial in order to provide adequate treatment, despite the gloomy prognosis.

Acute Glomerulonephritis as a Paraneoplastic Syndrome Secondary to Urachal Adenocarcinoma: An Unknown Entity.

Urachal carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy with a peculiar biomolecular characterization and therefore a complex approach. It was incorporated by the World Health Organization in 2004 in the tumors of the urinary system classification. This neoplasm is generally diagnosed in advanced stages. The standard treatment is surgical, however, due to the rarity and relatively late clinical manifestation of urachal carcinomas, the survival data are mostly case reports, as well as information about medical-surgical treatment based on evidence. The data used were extracted from both the physical and electronic clinical records. Among atypical presentations reported in the literature, we report a case of urachal adenocarcinoma with simultaneous glomerulonephritis as a paraneoplastic syndrome of which there is no report to date. Surgery was carried out in our patient, unfortunately with lifetime morbidity from kidney function replacement secondary to kidney function damage by glomerulonephritis, despite previous immunosuppression treatment for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. It is worth mentioning that if the initial diagnosis represents a clinical challenge, treatment is even more complex, given the little information that currently exists about it. Urachal carcinoma is a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Up to now, surgery has been the treatment of choice in localized or locally advanced disease, however, with a high morbidity for the patient.