Subject(s)
Neurodegenerative Diseases/complications , Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive/complications , Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive/pathology , Accidental Falls , Aged , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Brain/pathology , Dementia/etiology , Hallucinations/etiology , Humans , Male , Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology , Parkinsonian Disorders/etiology , Psychotic Disorders/etiologyABSTRACT
La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una de las principales enfermedades desmielinizantes del sistema nervioso central. Importante impacto económico social. Etiología no clara, se barajan hipótesis como la infecciosa o factores genéticos. La fisiopatología parece una activación inmunitaria que atacaría a las vainas de mielina, causando degeneración axonal progresiva e irreversible. Los síntomas son muy variados, su diagnóstico exige el cumplimiento de una serie de criterios y exclusión de otras causas posibles. Además es importante el papel de la neuroimagen, principalmente la RM. A pesar de disponer de fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad, todavía no hay ninguno que frene su evolución, fármacos útiles son los orientados a paliar la sintomatología de brotes. En conjunto, la EM requiere importante esfuerzo de investigación que aclare no solo por qué y cómo se produce, sino también el desarrollo de nuevas medidas que mejoren la vida de los pacientes afectados (AU)
Multiple sclerosis is a major demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It has a significant economic and social impact. Its etiology is unclear, although there are several hypotheses, such as infections or genetics. In its pathophysiology, it seems that immune activation attacks the myelin sheath, causing a progressive and irreversible axonal degeneration. The disease produces a variety of symptoms, and diagnosis requires fulfilling a number of criteria and the exclusion of other possible causes. The role of neuroimaging is very important, especially Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Despite the availability of disease-modifying drugs, none of them are able to halt its progress, and the most useful drugs are those designed to alleviate the symptoms of outbreaks. Overall, multiple sclerosis requires a significant effort in research to clarify not only why and how it occurs, as well as the development of new measures to improve quality of life of affected patients (AU)
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Primary Health Care/methods , Evoked Potentials , Evoked Potentials/physiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Prognosis , Multiple Sclerosis/etiology , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Multiple Sclerosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid/physiologyABSTRACT
La esclerosis múltiple es una de las principales enfermedades desmielinizantes del sistema nervioso central. Tiene un importante impacto económico y social. Su etiología no está clara, aunque se barajan varias hipótesis, como la infecciosa o la genética. En su fisiopatología parece que una activación inmunitaria atacaría a las vainas de mielina, causando degeneración axonal progresiva e irreversible. La enfermedad produce síntomas muy variados, y su diagnóstico exige el cumplimiento de una serie de criterios y la exclusión de otras posibles causas. Además, es muy importante el papel de la neuroimagen, sobre todo la RMN. A pesar de disponer de fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad, todavía no hay ninguno que frene su evolución, y los fármacos útiles son los orientados a paliar la sintomatología de los brotes. En conjunto, la esclerosis múltiple requiere un importante esfuerzo de investigación que permita aclarar no solo por qué y cómo se produce, sino también el desarrollo de nuevas medidas que mejoren la vida de los pacientes afectados (AU)
Multiple sclerosis is a major demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It has a significant economic and social impact. Its etiology is unclear, although there are several hypotheses, such as infections or genetics. In its pathophysiology, it seems that immune activation attacks the myelin sheath, causing a progressive and irreversible axonal degeneration. The disease produces a variety of symptoms, and diagnosis requires fulfilling a number of criteria and the exclusion of other possible causes. The role of neuroimaging, especially MRI, is very important. Despite the availability of disease-modifying drugs, none of them are able to halt its progress, and the most useful drugs are those designed to alleviate the symptoms of outbreaks. Overall, multiple sclerosis requires a significant effort in research to clarify not only why and how it occurs, but also to develop of new measures to improve the life of affected patients (AU)
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Demyelinating Diseases/complications , Demyelinating Diseases/epidemiology , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends , Primary Health Care , Myelin Sheath/immunology , Myelin Sheath/pathology , Neuroimaging/methods , Neuroimaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methodsABSTRACT
Multiple sclerosis is a major demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It has a significant economic and social impact. Its etiology is unclear, although there are several hypotheses, such as infections or genetics. In its pathophysiology, it seems that immune activation attacks the myelin sheath, causing a progressive and irreversible axonal degeneration. The disease produces a variety of symptoms, and diagnosis requires fulfilling a number of criteria and the exclusion of other possible causes. The role of neuroimaging is very important, especially Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Despite the availability of disease-modifying drugs, none of them are able to halt its progress, and the most useful drugs are those designed to alleviate the symptoms of outbreaks. Overall, multiple sclerosis requires a significant effort in research to clarify not only why and how it occurs, as well as the development of new measures to improve quality of life of affected patients.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Quality of Life , Disease Progression , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
Multiple sclerosis is a major demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It has a significant economic and social impact. Its etiology is unclear, although there are several hypotheses, such as infections or genetics. In its pathophysiology, it seems that immune activation attacks the myelin sheath, causing a progressive and irreversible axonal degeneration. The disease produces a variety of symptoms, and diagnosis requires fulfilling a number of criteria and the exclusion of other possible causes. The role of neuroimaging, especially MRI, is very important. Despite the availability of disease-modifying drugs, none of them are able to halt its progress, and the most useful drugs are those designed to alleviate the symptoms of outbreaks. Overall, multiple sclerosis requires a significant effort in research to clarify not only why and how it occurs, but also to develop of new measures to improve the life of affected patients.
