ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Increased Left Ventricular Mass (LVM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AIM: This study was done to find the prevalence and determinants of LVM in the Northern Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional observational study was carried out in a tertiary care centre in Himachal Pradesh, India and the study population included all consecutive patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria attending cardiology OPD on seeking medical attention with various symptoms for dyslipidaemia, hypertension but not on medication over a period of one year. Focused history was taken; physical examination and investigations were done. Data collected was analysed using Epi-info software version 3.5.1. We calculated means of LVM index for categorical variables i.e., sex, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyle etc., and also calculated p-values as test of significance for mean difference across the exposure variable groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated and 2 tailed significance at p< 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean age of study population was 42.30±9.8 years and 62.9% were males. The mean LVM index was significantly higher in men than in women 77.7 ± 11.4 vs.71.3 ± 15.7 (p-value <0.01). Strong positive correlation was observed between increased waist hip ratio and increased Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI). The Pearson correlation coefficient was 36.77 and it was statistically significant with p-value 0.04. CONCLUSION: We found positive and independent correlation of increased LVMI with increased Waist Hip Ratio (WHR). A positive independent correlation was also observed with higher fasting blood sugar levels.
ABSTRACT
Knowledge of the anatomy of the portal vein and its variations is important for performing surgical interventions, transplantation and other interventional procedures of the liver. While planning for adult right lobe liver transplantation, preoperative examination of potential donors can be carried out by use of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The study was conducted on randomly selected one hundred North Indian patients who were routinely coming for CT abdomen in the department of Radio-Diagnosis at a tertiary care centre in North India. The analysis of MDCT abdomen was done for branching patterns of PV and was classified as described by Covey et al. (2004).Portal vein (PV) variations were identified in 29 out of 100 patients. The prevalence of PV variations in male and female were 27.5% and 30% respectively. Trifurcation (Type II) was the most common variant present in 12% cases. The next common variant (Type IV) was observed in 7% cases, in which Segment VII branch was a separate branch of the right portal vein. Type III i.e. left portal vein was arising after origin of right anterior portal vein (5%) and Type V (segment VI branch as separate branch of right portal vein) was detected in 5% cases each. Preoperative or intraoperative lack of awareness of PV variations can result in injury, and their knowledge can reduce the incidence of complications. So, clinically important PV variants should be reported on CT
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