ABSTRACT
We investigated the effect of an emerging biocompatible ionic liquid, choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDHP), on the stability of high-concentration formulations of Herceptin® (trastuzumab). Our results show that CDHP significantly suppresses unfolding and aggregation of trastuzumab, demonstrating great promise as an additive in the development of stable therapeutic antibody formulations.
ABSTRACT
We report substantially enhanced biological stability of siRNA in a hydrated ionic liquid (IL) based on buffered choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDP). The results show that hydrated CDP IL substantially prolongs the shelf-life of siRNA for up to three months in the presence of RNase A. Remarkably, siRNA stored in the IL remained active and eGFP siRNA exhibited clear gene knockdown effects in eGFP-expressing HeLa cells.
Subject(s)
Ionic Liquids/chemistry , RNA, Small Interfering/chemistry , Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism , HeLa Cells , Humans , Leukocyte Common Antigens/antagonists & inhibitors , Leukocyte Common Antigens/genetics , Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism , Ribonuclease, Pancreatic/metabolism , Thermodynamics , Transition TemperatureABSTRACT
This paper presents an extended study on the ion effects of a series of biocompatible hydrated choline based ionic liquids (ILs) on lactate oxidase (LOx), an important enzyme in biosensing technology for the in vitro detection of lactic acid. Secondary structural analysis revealed changes in the protein conformation in hydrated ILs, while thermal unfolding/aggregation dynamics showed different profiles in the presence or absence of ILs. Moreover, LOx thermally denaturised at 90 °C showed residual activity in the presence of chloride and dihydrogen phosphate anions. Kinetic and lifetime studies were also performed, providing a better understanding of the ion effects of ILs on the biocatalytic activity of the enzyme.
Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Choline/chemistry , Ionic Liquids/chemistry , Mixed Function Oxygenases/chemistry , Water/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Ions , Lactic Acid/analysis , Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolismABSTRACT
Industrial wastewaters such as tannery and textile processing effluents are often characterized by a high content of dissolved organic dyes, resulting in large values of chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD and BOD) in the aquatic systems into which they are discharged. Such wastewater streams are of rapidly growing concern as a major environmental issue in developing countries. Hence there is a need to mitigate this challenge by effective approaches to degrade dye-contaminated wastewater. In this study, several choline-based salts originally developed for use as biocompatible hydrated ionic liquids (i.e., choline sacchrinate (CS), choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDP), choline lactate (CL), and choline tartarate (CT)) have been successfully employed as the cosubstrate with S. lentus in the biodegradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution. We also demonstrate that the azo dye has been degraded to less toxic components coupled with low biomass formation.
