Epidemiological features of patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate in Western Parana

Aim: : To describe the clinical, demographic and environmental features associated with NSCL/P(nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate) patients born in western Parana state, Brazil. Methods: Thiscross-sectional, observational, retrospective study included 188 patients attended at the Associationof Carriers of Cleft Lip and Palate - APOFILAB, Cascavel-Parana, between 2012 and 2014.Information on demographic characteristics, medical and dental histories and life style factors wereobtained from records and personal interviews. Results: Among the 188 patients, cleft lip and palate(CLP) was the most frequent subtype (55.8%), followed by cleft lip only (CLO, 25.0%) and cleft palateonly (CPO, 19.2%). Caucasian males were the most affected, although no differences among typesof cleft were observed. The otorhinolaryngologic and respiratory alterations were the most frequentsystemic alterations in NSCL/P patients, and more than 80% of the NSCL/P mothers reported novitamin supplements during the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: This study revealed thatthe prevalence of nonsyndromic oral cleft types in this cohort was quite similar to previously reportedprevalence rates. Systemic alterations were identified among 23.4% of the patients and patientswith CLP were the most affected. History of maternal exposition to environmental factors related tononsyndromic oral clefts was frequent and most mothers reported no vitamin supplements duringthe pregnancy. This study highlights the importance of identifying systemic alterations and riskfactors associated with NSCL/P in the Brazilian population for planning comprehensive strategiesand integrated actions for the development of preventive programs and treatment.

Tissue microarray is a reliable method for immunohistochemical analysis of pleomorphic adenoma.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the most adequate number and size of tissue microarray (TMA) cores for pleomorphic adenoma immunohistochemical studies. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-two pleomorphic adenoma cases were distributed in 3 TMA blocks assembled in triplicate containing 1.0-, 2.0-, and 3.0-mm cores. Immunohistochemical analysis against cytokeratin 7, Ki67, p63, and CD34 were performed and subsequently evaluated with PixelCount, nuclear, and microvessel software applications. RESULTS: The 1.0-mm TMA presented lower results than 2.0- and 3.0-mm TMAs versus conventional whole section slides. Possibly because of an increased amount of stromal tissue, 3.0-mm cores presented a higher microvessel density. Comparing the results obtained with one, two, and three 2.0-mm cores, there was no difference between triplicate or duplicate TMAs and a single-core TMA. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the possible loss of cylinders during immunohistochemical reactions, 2.0-mm TMAs in duplicate are a more reliable approach for pleomorphic adenoma immunohistochemical study.

Oncocytic metaplasia in inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia: Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Oncocytic metaplasia (OM) is not a well-known feature in inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) lesions, although it may be common, as proposed in our previous study about this lesion. In the present paper, we assessed the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of 18 cases of IFH containing OM areas. All the samples were examined on haematoxylin and eosin stained sections and cytokeratins (AE1/AE3, 34betaE12, CK5, CK7, CK8, CK13, CK14 and CK19), CD15, CD20, CD68, CD45Ro, and LCA primary antibodies were used. The vast majority of IFH occurred in women (n=14) and the most common site of presentation was the buccal vestibule. Oncocytic and salivary duct cells showed uniform immunoreactivity for AE1/AE3, CK7, CK8 and CK19. CD45Ro+ T-lymphocytes were the most common inflammatory cells surrounding the OM areas followed by CD20+ B-lymphocytes. These findings suggest that oncocytic cells present in IFH might develop from salivary duct epithelium, and T-lymphocytes might play an important role in its etiopathogenesis.

Denture hyperplasia with areas simulating oral inverted ductal papilloma.

Denture hyperplasia is a reactive lesion of the oral mucosa, usually associated to an ill-fitting denture. This lesion is easily diagnosed and in some cases distinct microscopic variations such as osseous, oncocytic and squamous metaplasia may be found. These metaplastic alterations probably are associated with the lymphocytic infiltrate usually present in denture hyperplasia. We present a case of denture hyperplasia containing salivary gland tissue with ductal alterations mimicking an oral inverted ductal papilloma.

Leucoplasia pilosa oral no contexto atual da AIDS / Oral hairy leukoplakia in the current context of the AIDS

A leucoplasia pilosa é uma lesão especifica da mucosa oral frequentemente observada em borda lateral de lingua de pacientes HIV positivos. O seu aparecimento é indicativo de infecção inicial pelo HIV e progressão da doenca para AIDS. Esta fortemente associada a imunodepressao grave (contagem de linfócitos T CD4+< 200 celulas/ml). Acredita-se que a lesão seja resultado de uma infecção pelo virus Epstein-Barr(EBV) nas células epiteliais. Clinicamente, é caracterizada por uma placa branca, elevada, corrugada, não removível à raspagem, assintomática e acometendo, preferencialmente, a borda lateral da lingua bilateralmente. Histologicamente observa-se acantose, hiperparaqueratose, células balonizantes na camada espinhosa do epitélio com inclusões virais intranucleares e ausência de infiltrado inflamatório subepitelial. Em cerca de 30 porcento dos casos pode-se observar pseudo-hifas de Candida sp na camada de paraqueratina. O diagnostico definitivo da lesão é feito pela demonstração do virus.