Integrated multi-omics analysis of RB-loss identifies widespread cellular programming and synthetic weaknesses.

Inactivation of RB is one of the hallmarks of cancer, however gaps remain in our understanding of how RB-loss changes human cells. Here we show that pRB-depletion results in cellular reprogramming, we quantitatively measured how RB-depletion altered the transcriptional, proteomic and metabolic output of non-tumorigenic RPE1 human cells. These profiles identified widespread changes in metabolic and cell stress response factors previously linked to E2F function. In addition, we find a number of additional pathways that are sensitive to RB-depletion that are not E2F-regulated that may represent compensatory mechanisms to support the growth of RB-depleted cells. To determine whether these molecular changes are also present in RB1-/- tumors, we compared these results to Retinoblastoma and Small Cell Lung Cancer data, and identified widespread conservation of alterations found in RPE1 cells. To define which of these changes contribute to the growth of cells with de-regulated E2F activity, we assayed how inhibiting or depleting these proteins affected the growth of RB1-/- cells and of Drosophila E2f1-RNAi models in vivo. From this analysis, we identify key metabolic pathways that are essential for the growth of pRB-deleted human cells.

Azafluorene derivatives as inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 RdRp: Synthesis, physicochemical, quantum chemical, modeling and molecular docking analysis.

The crystal structures of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-phenyl-5H-indeno [( Cheng et al., 2007; Lee et al., 2003) 1,21,2-b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (Ia) and 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5H-indeno [( Cheng et al., 2007; Lee et al., 2003) 1,21,2-b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile (Ib) were determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both the compounds belong to the triclinic system with the P-1 space group. The azafluorene ring system in both the compounds is effectively planar. The intermolecular interactions present in the compounds are discussed using Hirshfeld surface analysis, QTAIM and NCI. Compound Ib formed a strong interaction (-24.174 kJ/mol) with the solvent molecule. Both the compounds were geometry optimized using DFT/B3LYP level of theory. The compound's drug-like behaviors were studied using HOMO-LUMO analysis. The homology modeling of SARS CoV-2 RdRp was done utilizing the PDB 6NUR_A as a template. The model showed above 99% similarity with its preceder SARS CoV. The molecular docking analysis of the synthesized compounds was carried out along with some suggested drugs for COVID-19 and some phytochemicals. The docking results were then analyzed. The binding free energy of the complexes were calculated using MM-PB(GB)SA and ADMET properties of Ia and Ib were also predicted. Some suggestions are given from this analysis.

Biodiesel production from different algal oil using immobilized pure lipase and tailor made rPichia pastoris with Cal A and Cal B genes.

In this investigation, oil extraction was performed in marine macroalgae Gracilaria edulis, Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva lactuca. The algal biomass was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform-Infra Red Spectroscopy. Six different pre-treatment methods were carried out to evaluate the best method for maximum oil extraction. Optimization of extraction parameters were performed and high oil yield was obtained at temperature 55°C, time 150min, particle size 0.10mm, solvent-to-solid ratio 6:1 and agitation rate 500rpm. After optimization, 9.5%, 12.18% and 10.50 (g/g) of oil extraction yield was achieved from the respective algal biomass. The rate constant for extraction was obtained as first order kinetics, by differential method. Stable intracellular Cal A and Cal B lipase producing recombinant Pichia pastoris was constructed and used as biocatalyst for biodiesel production. Comparative analysis of lipase activity and biodiesel yield was made with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase.

Crystal structure of 2-hy-droxy-2-(2-oxo-cyclo-hept-yl)-2,3-di-hydro-1H-indene-1,3-dione.

In the title compound, C16H16O4, the five-membered ring of the indene-1,3-dione unit adopts a twist conformation, whereas the seven-membered ring adopts a twist-chair conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.7373 (8) Å] into a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture.

Crystal structure of 5-benzoyl-2,4-di-phenyl-4,5-di-hydro-furan-3-carbo-nitrile.

In the title compound, C24H17NO2, the carbonyl O atom of the benzoyl group is cis with respect to the furanyl O atom, and the associated O-C-C-O torsion angle is 4.62 (19)°. The puckering of the dihydro-furan ring is close to twisted ((4) T 5), with parameters Q = 0.1856 (16) Šand φ = 313.5 (5)°. Mol-ecules are inter-connected via a C-H⋯N and a C-H⋯O hydrogen bond, leading to layers parallel to the (200) plane and characterized by R 4 (4)(28) and R 4 (4)(36) graph-set motifs. The furan O atom does not participate in inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. The crystal lattice encompasses a solvent-accessible void of 24.7 (8) Å(3).

Influence of carbon-dioxide on the growth of Spirulina sp. (MCRC-A0003) isolated from Muttukadu backwaters, South India.

Growth of Spirulina sp. (MCRC-A0003), a cyanobacterium, was evaluated under different concentrations of carbon-dioxide (CO2) (4-50 %) in a closed glass photobioreactor. Although significant CO2 utilization by the cyanobacterial strain was observed up to 50 % concentration, complete utilization was observed only at 4, 10 and 20 % concentrations on 3rd, 6th and 8th day respectively. However, considerable reduction was witnessed in reactors containing 30-50 % CO2 only between 6th and 9th day. A corresponding increase in the biomass and primary metabolites like chlorophyll-a, carbohydrate and protein were observed. Biomass productivity of Spirulina in reactors sparged with 4, 10 and 20 % CO2 were 13.7, 43 and 44 % more than that in control reactor without CO2. While CO2 increased the levels of primary metabolites in the cyanobacterial cells, it was quite prominent in 10 % CO2 concentration with the chlorophyll-a, carbohydrate and protein contents were 64, 183 and 626 mg g(-1) respectively. While 10 and 6.6 % increase were noticed in chlorophyll-a and protein, 17 % increase in carbohydrate levels was observed in Spirulina cells, which could be attributed to the conversion of CO2 to carbohydrate by the cyanobacterium.

2-Amino-4-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-5,6,7,8,9,10-hexa-hydro-benzo[8]annulene-1,3-dicarbonitrile.

In the title compound, C(20)H(18)ClN(3), the cyclo-octene ring exhibits conformational disorder of two methyl-ene groups with a site-occupation factor of 0.859 (6) for the major occupied site. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected into inversion dimers via pairs of weak N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming an R(2) (2)(12) graph-set motif. These dimers are further connected via weak N-H⋯Cl inter-actions into chains running along [011]. There are also C-H⋯N interactions present in the crystal.

3-(4-Chloro-phen-yl)-7-methyl-4-(4-methyl-phen-yl)-1-oxa-2,7-diaza-spiro-[4.5]dec-2-en-10-one.

In the title compound, C(21)H(21)ClN(2)O(2), the dihydro-isoxazole ring adopts an envelope conformation and the piperidinone ring is in a chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 84.2 (1)°. The crystal used was an inversion twin.