ABSTRACT
The hexane and chloroform extracts of Derris scandens have displayed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and moderate free radical scavenging activities. Phytochemical investigation of the active extracts led to the isolation of three new prenylated isoflavones, isoscandinone, scandenin A and scandenin B in addition to scandenone, scandinone and 4', 5', 7-trihydroxybiprenylisoflavone as the main constituents, having alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory and free radical scavenging properties. A reversed-phase HPLC method is developed to quantify these active principles in the plant material, which can serve as an effective quality control method for standardization of D. scandens.
Subject(s)
Derris/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Glycoside Hydrolases/antagonists & inhibitors , Isoflavones/chemistry , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Animals , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Enzyme Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/isolation & purification , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Isoflavones/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Stems/chemistry , RatsABSTRACT
Communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations are rare anomalies. The complex anatomy requires innovative surgical techniques. We report a child with bilateral sequestrations communicating with the lower esophagus. The sequestrations were excised through a single thoracotomy incision and the esophagus was repaired. Postoperatively the child has remained asymptomatic.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology , Bronchi/abnormalities , Bronchopulmonary Sequestration/surgery , Esophagus/abnormalities , Abnormalities, Multiple/surgery , Bronchi/embryology , Bronchopulmonary Sequestration/pathology , Esophagus/surgery , Failure to Thrive/etiology , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology , Humans , Infant , Lung/blood supply , Lung/embryology , Pneumonia/etiology , Recurrence , ThoracotomyABSTRACT
Genes normally resident in euchromatic domains are silenced when packaged into heterochromatin, as exemplified in Drosophila melanogaster by position effect variegation (PEV). Loss-of-function mutations resulting in suppression of PEV have identified critical components of heterochromatin, including proteins HP1, HP2, and histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase. Here, we demonstrate that this silencing is dependent on the RNA interference machinery, using tandem mini-white arrays and white transgenes in heterochromatin to show loss of silencing as a result of mutations in piwi, aubergine, or spindle-E (homeless), which encode RNAi components. These mutations result in reduction of H3 Lys9 methylation and delocalization of HP1 and HP2, most dramatically in spindle-E mutants.
