Immunohistochemical Characterization of Normal Ovary and Common Epithelial Ovarian Neoplasm with a Monoclonal Antibody to Cytokeratin and Vimentin.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The common epithelial ovarian tumors are classified into serous, mucinous, clear cell, endometrioid, the Brenner, mixed, and undifferentiated types. Cytoskeleton intermediate filament composition of ovarian tissues indicates that the cytokeratin and vimentin are observed in ovarian surface epithelium along with the common ovarian epithelial tumors. The current study aimed at investigating the cytokeratin and vimentin expression in epithelial ovarian tumors to establish a diagnostic relevance. METHODS: Sixty-six common epithelial ovarian tumors were studied using anti-cytokeratins (Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Cytokeratin Clones AE1/AE3; DAKO, Denmark,) and anti-vimentin (Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Vimentin, Clone V9; DAKO, Denmark,) to ascertain the intermediate filament profiles in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical pathology materials. RESULTS: All ovarian epithelial tumors expressed cytokeratin in a uniform fashion. Vimentin was coexpressed with high intensity in 62.5% of serous carcinomas, mild intensity in 25% of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and moderate intensity in single case of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Vimentin decoration in mucinous carcinoma had a focal involvement, whereas malignant endometrioid and serous decoration tended to involve larger areas. There was a significantly increased expression of vimentin in serous cystadenoma and serous carcinoma, compared with their mucinous counterparts. Also, vimentin expression and histologic grade of serous tumors showed a positive correlation. No association was found between vimentin expression and degree of differentiation in mucinous, endometrioid, and Brenner tumors. CONCLUSION: The current investigation emphasized the efficiency of immunohistochemistry (IHC) typing as a tool for a more precise characterization of the origin and differentiation of human neoplasms.

Carcinosarcoma of the Larynx- A Rare Site Entity.

Carcinosarcoma is a very rare lesion reported in many organs including larynx. The larynx appears to be highly unusual site, only a few cases have been described in the literature. Carcinosarcoma is a mixed tumour. It is composed of both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. We report a case of Carcinosarcoma of the larynx in 45-year-old male. He presented with complaints of hoarseness of voice, difficulty in breathing and swallowing. The growth was pedenculated arising from left vocal cord. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology.

Placental polyp - a rare case report.

Placental polyp is the retained fragment of placental tissue after the parturition or abortion for indefinite period which forms a polypoidal mass in the uterus. It is predominantly composed of necrotic and hyalinized chorionic villi (ghost chorionic villi). We report a case of 26-year-old G2P2 woman presenting with vaginal bleeding. Her last pregnancy had occurred five years ago. Laboratory investigations revealed a positive urine pregnancy test and serum levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (ß-hCG) was elevated. Ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic mass in uterine cavity. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and the pathological diagnosis was of a placental polyp.

Epithelial cyst of the spleen with squamous metaplasia: a rare entity.

Epithelial splenic cysts are uncommon lesions which occur the spleen. The aetiopathogenesis of these cysts is not clear. We are reporting a case of an epithelial cyst which occurred in the spleen in a 40-year-old female, which was multi loculated and which had flattened lining epithelium. Some foci showed squamous metaplasia.

Cytodiagnosis of secretory carcinoma of the breast.

Secretory carcinoma is a rare form of breast carcinoma which has a predilection for juveniles and young adults (usually less than 30 years of age), becoming progressively less common with advancing age. It is a low grade breast carcinoma which shows distinct features at histology. Diagnosis of this carcinoma on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is difficult. We report a case of a 62-year-old woman diagnosed to have secretory carcinoma of breast on FNAC. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The recognition of secretory carcinoma is important because the cytological findings can be confused with those of lactating breast. Preoperative diagnosis is essential for appropriate surgical therapy. Secretory carcinoma is reported to have good prognosis, but surgical therapy with an axillary node dissection is recommended, since axillary metastases have been found in approximately 30% of the recorded cases.