ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To encourage evidence-based practice, an Annals of Internal Medicine editorial called for a new professional on clinical teams: an informationist trained in science or medicine as well as information science. OBJECTIVES: The study explored the effects of informationists on information behaviors of clinical research teams, specifically, frequency of seeking information for clinical or research decisions, range of resources consulted, perceptions about access to information, confidence in adequacy of literature searches, and effects on decision making and practice. It also explored perceptions about training and experience needed for successful informationists. METHODS: Exploratory focus groups and key interviews were followed by baseline and follow-up surveys conducted with researchers and clinicians receiving the service. Survey data were analyzed with Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Comparing 2006 to 2004 survey responses, the researchers found that study participants reported: seeking answers to questions more frequently, spending more time seeking or using information, believing time was less of an obstacle to finding or using information, using more information resources, and feeling greater satisfaction with their ability to find answers. Participants' opinions on informationists' qualifications evolved to include both subject knowledge and information searching expertise. CONCLUSION: Over time, clinical research teams with informationists demonstrated changes in their information behaviors, and they valued an informationist's subject matter expertise more.
Subject(s)
Evidence-Based Practice , Information Seeking Behavior , Librarians , Medical Informatics/education , Research Personnel , Access to Information , Computational Biology/education , Data Collection , Focus Groups , Humans , Molecular Biology , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Needs Assessment , Program Development , Program Evaluation , Research Personnel/classification , Research Personnel/education , Time Factors , United StatesSubject(s)
Abstracting and Indexing/trends , Bibliometrics , Biomedical Research/trends , Peer Review, Research/trends , Periodicals as Topic/trends , Abstracting and Indexing/standards , Africa South of the Sahara , Authorship , Biomedical Research/standards , Croatia , Humans , Journalism, Medical , Mexico , New Zealand , Periodicals as Topic/standards , PubMed/trends , Research Design , TurkeyABSTRACT
In addition to maintaining the GenBank nucleic acid sequence database, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides data analysis and retrieval resources that operate on the data in GenBank and a variety of other biological data made available through NCBI's web site. NCBI data retrieval resources include Entrez, PubMed, LocusLink and the Taxonomy Browser. Data analysis resources include BLAST, Electronic PCR, OrfFinder, RefSeq, UniGene, HomoloGene, Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP), Human Genome Sequencing, Human MapViewer, Human inverted exclamation markVMouse Homology Map, Cancer Chromosome Aberration Project (CCAP), Entrez Genomes, Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) database, Retroviral Genotyping Tools, SAGEmap, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), the Molecular Modeling Database (MMDB) and the Conserved Domain Database (CDD). Augmenting many of the web applications are custom implementations of the BLAST program optimized to search specialized data sets. All of the resources can be accessed through the NCBI home page at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Subject(s)
Biotechnology , Databases, Genetic , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosomes , Conserved Sequence , Gene Expression Profiling , Genome , Genome, Human , Humans , Information Storage and Retrieval , National Library of Medicine (U.S.) , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Protein Structure, Tertiary , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Sequence Homology , United StatesABSTRACT
The GenBank sequence database incorporates publicly available DNA sequences of more than 105 000 different organisms, primarily through direct submission of sequence data from individual laboratories and large-scale sequencing projects. Most submissions are made using the BankIt (web) or Sequin programs and accession numbers are assigned by GenBank staff upon receipt. Data exchange with the EMBL Data Library and the DNA Data Bank of Japan helps ensure comprehensive worldwide coverage. GenBank data is accessible through NCBI's integrated retrieval system, Entrez, which integrates data from the major DNA and protein sequence databases along with taxonomy, genome, mapping, protein structure and domain information, and the biomedical literature via PubMed. Sequence similarity searching is provided by the BLAST family of programs. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. NCBI also offers a wide range of World Wide Web retrieval and analysis services based on GenBank data. The GenBank database and related resources are freely accessible via the NCBI home page at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
