ABSTRACT
The Eastern Mediterranean region, extending from the Offshore Nile Delta Cone of Egypt to the Levant Basin, is a confirmed hydrocarbon-rich territory with several giant gas discoveries. Numerous gas fields have been discovered in the Miocene reservoirs within the Nile Delta Cone, and the Levant Basin. The Miocene sedimentary sequences in this region are extremely heterogeneous, consisting mainly of turbiditic slope deposits, channels, and basin floor fans that were capped by evaporites formed during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. As a result, the seismic characteristics and interpreted properties of this heterogeneous section are ambiguous. The study area is located in the Offshore North Sinai Basin, where a thick Early Miocene section was deposited midway between the Nile Delta province, which includes the El-Fayrouz discovery, and the Levant Basin, which includes Tamar, Tanin, and several other discoveries. This study uses quantitative seismic interpretations methods, such as amplitude variations with offset and fluid replacement modeling, to assess the seismic acoustic impedance trend with depth. Also, determine the seismic amplitude response for the brine and gas sands reservoir of the Early and Late Miocene section to link the unexplored study area within the North Sinai Offshore Basin with the explored Nile Delta and Levant Basins. In addition to evaluate direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI) of the dimming seismic amplitude that is compatible with the structure's last closed contour of the Syrian Arc anticline of the Early Miocene reservoirs (EMT-1 prospect). Different vintages of 2D and 3D seismic data, six wells, and various published data were used in this study. The quantitative interpretation shows the pitfalls of the acoustic impedance trend and seismic response dependency on depth for gas and brine sand, which led to the drilling of the EMT-1 dry well. Also, the fluid replacement, P-wave velocity (Vp), and density (ρ) modeling confirmed that the seismic dimming amplitude was due to a seismic processing artifact, which was corrected by readjusting the overburden Messinian salt processing velocity model. This research concludes that the seismic quantitative interpretations are successfully used to assess the acoustic impedance versus depth and understand DHI pitfalls, as well as the processing workflow that could enhance the seismic image.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça epescoço (CECP) frequentemente têm quadro de desnutriçãoassociado à doença, seja pelo acometimento direto do tratodigestivo alto, seja pela modalidade terapêutica empregada.Objetivo: avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes com CECP emdiferentes fases do tratamento. Métodos: estudo transversal com155 pacientes assim divididos: 103 com CECP (29 pré-tratamento,47 pós-tratamento sem doença e 27 pós-tratamento com recidivatumoral) e 52 controles sem CECP. Foram coletados dados clínicose epidemiológicos, realizada avaliação nutricional a partir de dadosantropométricos (peso, altura e índice de massa corpórea IMC),de composição corpórea por meio de bioimpedância (porcentagemde massa magra) e laboratoriais (albumina e contagem total delinfócitos CTL). Resultados: a estatura e a massa magra emhomens e mulheres não foram diferentes entre os grupos. Asmédias do IMC, albumina e CTL foram normais, porém, menoresnos pacientes com recidiva da doença. Os casos pré-tratamentoapresentaram média do IMC menor que a dos controles, contudo,as médias de albumina sérica e CLT foram semelhantes entre eles.O grupo de pacientes pós-tratamento com doença recidivadaapresentou médias dos três critérios menores do que aquelas dogrupo sem doença. Nos casos tratados sem doença, pacientessubmetidos à cirurgia exclusiva apresentaram maiores índices deIMC e CTL que aqueles que receberam tratamentos combinados.Conclusão: pacientes com CECP apresentaram média de IMCmenor do que controles. Os casos com doença recidivada tiverampior estado nutricional que aqueles que se encontravam semdoença após o tratamento.
Introduction: Patients with head and neck squamous cellcarcinoma (HNSCC) usually present nutritional disorders,secondary to the upper aerodigestive tract involvement or due tothe treatment sequels. Objective: To assess the nutritional status ofpatients with HNSCC in different phases of the disease treatment.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 155 patients divided in 4groups: 103 patients with HNSCC (29 before treatment, 47 posttreatment with no recurrence and 27 post treatment with recurrentdisease) and 52 controls without HNSCC. Clinical and epidemiologicaldata were collected and a nutrition assessment wasperformed from anthropometric parameters (weight, height andBody Mass Index BMI), electric bioimpedance (thin masspercentage) and biochemical parameters (albumin and totallymphocyte count TLC). Results: Height and thin masspercentage were similar between the groups. The means of BMI,albumin and TLC were normal; however, they were lower in posttreatment patients with recurrent disease. The patients beforetreatment had BMI average lower then control patients but albuminand TLC were similar between them. The post treatment groupwithout recurrent disease had averages of the three parametershigher than those of the patients with recurrent disease group. Inthe post treatment group without recurrent disease, the patientswho underwent surgical treatment exclusively had BMI and TLChigher than those who received adjuvant therapy. Conclusion:Patients with HNSCC had lower BMI average then control patients.Cases with recurrent disease had worst nutritional status thenpatients treated without disease.
