ABSTRACT
The monitoring of chimerism status in a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patient is a crucial process and is performed periodically in a short time interval. A short tandem repeat marker is widely used for chimerism analysis due to its high discrimination power. However, the sensitivity of this approach was limited to 5% of a minor contributor and the interpretation is usually interrupted with PCR stochastic phenomena. Here, we developed an SNP panel for chimerism analysis using TaqMan technology. A set of SNPs was selected from Thai ancestry informative markers and open-access databases with proper criteria. We examined the 30 recipient-donor pairs that underwent HSCT and showed that the panel can provide an informative marker from 90% of all pairs. An early detection of artificial chimerism in post-HSCT samples was observed when compared with STR analysis. In addition, the detail of cases was discussed.
Subject(s)
Chimerism , Genotyping Techniques , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/ethnology , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Asian People/ethnology , Humans , Monitoring, Physiologic , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Genetic data from 12 short tandem repeats (STR) on the X chromosome are currently used in forensics studies to resolve issues related to complex kinship or when data is missing or ambiguous. In this study, we genotyped these 12 X chromosome STR in DNA collected from individuals from central Thailand (n = 391, 282 men and 109 women) and used this information to calculate allele and haplotype frequencies as well as forensic parameters for kinship calculations. Polymorphism information contents of the loci were range from 0.5283-0.9247, and powers of discrimination in females and males were 0.7666-0.9905 and 0.6085-0.9291, respectively. A diallelic pattern was observed at the locus DXS7132. Moreover, a comparison of genetic distance revealed a close relationship within Asian countries. Our results indicate that the X chromosomal short tandem repeat (X-STR) multiplex system provides highly informative genetic data and could be advantageous in forensic studies.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, X , Genetics, Population , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymorphism, Genetic , Asian People/genetics , DNA Fingerprinting , Female , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Haplotypes , Humans , Male , ThailandABSTRACT
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) multidrug transporters have been associated with chemoresistance, which is a major obstacle in attempts to improve clinical outcome of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we investigated 3 ABC multidrug transporters including MDR1, MRP1, and BCRP for their potential as prognostic indicators in patients with NPC. We examined the protein expression profiles of MDR1, MRP1, and BCRP in NPC tissues from 60 patients with advanced stages who were treated with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy. The clinicopathologic features, patterns of treatment failure, and survival data were compared with the transporter expression. Univariate analyses were performed to determine the prognostic factors that influenced treatment failure and patient survival. We found that MRP1 expression was strongly predictive of both 5-year survival (P = .025) and disease-free survival (P < .001). However, neither MDR1 nor BCRP expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic parameters. Interestingly, the incidence of recurrence and metastasis for patients in the MRP1-positive group was significantly higher than that in the MRP1-negative group (P = .003). With multivariate analysis, MRP1 expression at the time of diagnosis before the treatment was identified as an independent prognostic factor for both 5-year survival (P = .041) and disease-free survival (P = .001). MRP1 expression can therefore be used as a potent molecular risk factor and a guide for chemotherapeutic regimens in patients with advanced stages of NPC.
