ABSTRACT
A modified method of in vitro labelling of red blood cells with 99Tcm using whole blood is presented. Blood samples from patients with normal blood counts were used. First, the blood sample was exposed to a low concentration of stannous ions (0.02-0.4 micrograms/2 ml blood), citrate phosphate glucose solution was then added followed by 99Tcm pertechnetate. A high labelling yield of greater than 90% was achieved in a maximum of 30 min.
Subject(s)
Blood , Erythrocytes , Isotope Labeling/methods , Technetium , Humans , In Vitro TechniquesABSTRACT
A procedure is described for the synthesis of p-[(bisacarboxymethyl)aminomethyl carbamino] hippuric acid (PAHIDA). The compound was identified by i.r. and NMR spectroscopy. A lyophilized complex was prepared and labeled with 99mTc. The purity of the preparation is better than 98%. The stability of the 99mTc-PAHIDA complex is achieved 8 h after labeling. Biodistribution tested on white rats shows a maximum accumulation in kidneys of 6-10% within 2 min after injection, while the accumulation in the liver is 2-4% of the administrated dose. Preliminary clinical studies of 99mTc-PAHIDA on patients and its comparison with 131I-hippuran showed that the 99Tc-PAHIDA preparation has excellent characteristics for visualization of kidneys. However, it has slightly slower urinary elimination compared to hippuran, which it makes possible to use PAHIDA as a replacement of hippuran to a certain extent.
Subject(s)
Aminohippuric Acids/chemical synthesis , Organometallic Compounds/chemical synthesis , Organotechnetium Compounds , Technetium , p-Aminohippuric Acid/chemical synthesis , Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Iodohippuric Acid , Kidney/diagnostic imaging , Male , Nephritis/diagnostic imaging , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacokinetics , Radionuclide Imaging , Rats , Tissue Distribution , p-Aminohippuric Acid/pharmacokineticsSubject(s)
Erythrocytes , Hemangioma/diagnostic imaging , Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Radionuclide ImagingABSTRACT
The results of analysis of 99mTc-Pyrophosphate (99mPyP), taken as a representative of the group of compounds having an organic P-O-P bond, and of the three diphosphonate compounds: methylene diphosphonate (MDP), 2,3-dicarboxy propane diphosphonate (DPD) and ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP), which differ in their chemical structure, are shown. Also, some physicochemical parameters such as chloroform-water apparent partition coefficient, the osmotic pressure and pH values in final preparations were studied. The radiochemical purity of these radiopharmaceuticals was determined by the two methods: Sephadex chromatography for separation of 99mTc-hydrolysate and TLC on silica gel with 85% methanol for the determination of free 99mTcO-4. The yield of labelling for both methods was over 90%. Also, pharmacokinetic parameters such as binding to the plasma proteins and to erythrocytes were determined. 99mTc-PyP binding to plasma proteins was higher than the binding of diphosphonate compounds. The quantitative distribution of preparations was determined in experimental animals.
