ABSTRACT
The research utilized data from 662 Murrah buffaloes meticulously recorded over 24 years (1996-2019) from historical pedigree sheets maintained at the buffalo farm of the Department of Livestock Production and Management (LPM) at Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), Hisar. A series of six univariate animal models were employed to calculate estimates of (co)variance components and heritability for first lactation reproduction traits. Among these models, Model 2 was identified as the best fit for age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI), while Model 1 proved optimal for service period (SP) and conception rate (CR). The heritability estimates for AFC, SP, CR and CI across the models were ranged between 0.11 and 0.32, 0.01 and 0.03, 0.05 and 0.06, and 0.01 and 0.06, respectively. Maternal effects (m2 ) were observed in AFC and CI, ranging from 0.10 to 0.20 and 0.01 to 0.03, respectively. Across all three traits, there was a consistent negative genetic correlation (-0.75 to -0.92) between direct additive and maternal effects. The breeding values for AFC, SP, CR and CI varied within specific ranges from -32.85 to 44.33 days, -15.61 to 28.42 days, -7.41 to 6.48% and -20.64 to 35.79 days, respectively. Significantly, Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed highly significant relationships (p < .01) between the breeding values of different models, indicating strong and consistent associations within these traits. These findings underscore the stable and reliable connections observed within the breeding values for these essential reproductive traits across the various models used in the study. The majority of reproductive traits showed favourable negative trends, indicating a positive outcome. A decrease in AFC, SP and CI suggests an extended economic life for the animals. Additionally, the upward trends in CR reflect positive indications of effective management practices and skilled operational procedures.
Subject(s)
Bison , Animals , Female , Farms , Fertilization , Lactation/genetics , Reproduction/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Autologous hair transplantation has been the convention in cases of androgenic alopecia. Routinely, the occipital area serves as an ideal donor site. The advent of follicular unit extraction (FUE) has made body and beard hair harvest a possibility. Beard hair, in particular, has been far more sought after than other parts of the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of 20 patients have been documented wherein cases with Grade 6 and 7 androgenic alopecia have been treated with beard hair as an adjunct donor site. The local anatomy, procedural technicalities and method of harvesting have been emphasized. The pre, intra and postoperative records have been maintained. DISCUSSION: The advent of FUE paved way for minimal downtime, better cosmesis and less scarring facilitating the possibility of using non-scalp hair in hair restoration, thus increasing the overall donor graft availability. Beard hair has its characteristic differences when compared to the scalp hair. Alongside there exists an array of advantages and disadvantages. CONCLUSION: Minimal complications and potential advantages have encouraged the usage of beard graft in the recent past. In hindsight, beard to scalp transplantation is a worthwhile alternative in cases demanding an expanded source of donor hair which demands further literary contribution.
ABSTRACT
Lip carcinoma is a common cancer of the head and neck region and it more commonly affects the lower lip (>90%). Out of all the carcinomas affecting the lower lip, squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of the patients. Reconstruction of lower lip is a challenging task, as it requires taking into consideration the restoration of function as well as aesthetics. In this study, a patient for whom successful reconstruction of lower lip defect was done using the Karapandzic flap was presented.
