ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the incidence of multifocality in renal carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of multifocality in renal carcinoma. We analyzed 50 surgical specimens from patients with renal carcinoma who had undergone radical nephrectomy at our institution between September, 1992 and December, 1994. RESULTS: 9 of the 50 specimens (18%) had more than one lesion in the same kidney. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of multifocality in renal carcinoma has been reported to range from 6% to 30%, which implies that if conservative surgery is performed, the likelihood of tumor recurrence is not negligible. We believe therefore that radical surgery must be performed, except in those cases where conservative surgery is mandatory (solitary kidney, bilateral tumors).
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Incidence , Kidney Neoplasms/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the role and the results achieved with the Lithoclast in the treatment of distal ureteral calculi in the era of ESWL. METHODS: From March, 1994 to April, 1995, 41 patients with ureteral calculi were treated by ureteroscopy and direct stone fragmentation with the Lithoclast. RESULTS: 90% of the patients were stone-free one month after treatment; 3 patients in whom stone fragmentation could not be achieved required ESWL; one patient required open surgery for ureteral detachment. CONCLUSIONS: Ureteroscopy and stone fragmentation with the Lithoclast is a good, inexpensive mode of treatment of ureteral stones and is particularly indicated as the first mode of treatment in those centers, like ours, where ESWL is unavailable.
