Evaluation of lupeol-chitosan nanoparticles infused cellulose acetate membranes for enhanced in-vitro anticancer and antidiabetic activities.

This study utilizes the abundance of pharmacologically active compounds found in natural products and concentrates on the promising anticancer agent lupeol (LUP). The limited water solubility and bioavailability of lupeol have limited its therapeutic utility. To test their potential for treating diabetes and cancer, we synthesized lupeol@chitosan (LUP@CS) nanoparticles encapsulated in cellulose acetate (CA) membranes (LUP@CS/CA). Extensive characterization, including Scanning electron microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and mechanical strength analysis, confirmed the membrane's structural integrity and drug release capacity. Notably, in vitro experiments utilizing A431 human skin cancer cells revealed remarkable anticancer activity, positioning the membrane as a potential novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of skin cancer. Inhibiting carbohydrate-digesting enzymes effectively, as evidenced by IC50 values as low as 54.56 mg/mL, the membrane also exhibited significant antidiabetic potential. These results demonstrate the multifarious potential of the membrane, which offers promise for both the treatment of skin cancer and the management of diabetes, and has significant implications for nano biological applications.

Green synthesis of MnO2 nanoparticles from Psidium guajava leaf extract: Morphological characterization, photocatalytic and DNA/BSA interaction studies.

In this work, a simple, efficient and eco-friendly green synthesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2NPs) by Psidium guajava leaf extract was described. Fourier-Transform infrared spectra results revealed that involvement of the plant extract functional groups in the formation of MnO2NPs. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the synthesized MnO2NPs exhibited absorption peaks at 374 nm, which were attributed to the band gap of the MnO2NPs. Crystal phase identification of the MnO2NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and the formation of crystalline MnO2NPs have been confirmed. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the synthesized MnO2NPs have a spherical in shape. Interestingly, the prepared green synthesized MnO2NPs showed catalytic degradation activity for malachite green dye. Malachite green's photocatalytic degradation was detected spectrophotometrically in the wavelength range of 250-900 nm, and it was discovered to have a photodegradation efficiency of 75.5 % within 90 min when exposed to solar radiation. Green synthesized MnO2NPs are responsible for this higher activity. An interaction between synthesized NPs and biomolecules, including CT-DNA and BSA was also evaluated. The spectrophotometric and Fluoro spectroscopic analyses indicate a gradual reduction in peak intensities and shifts in wavelengths, indicating binding and affinity between the NPs and the biomolecules.

An Investigation of Electrospun Clerodendrum phlomidis Leaves Extract Infused Polycaprolactone Nanofiber for In Vitro Biological Application.

The in vitro antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of a few plant extracts were widely known for decades, and they were used for application in the conventional way. Specifically, electrospun nanofibrous mats have recently exhibited great antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. The herbal extracts infused into these formations are expected to have a more efficient and integrated effect on in vitro biological applications. The purpose of this study is to develop polycaprolactone- (PCL-) based nanofiber mats that are infused with a traditional plant extract using Clerodendrum phlomidis leaves to improve the synthesized nanofibers' antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant efficacy. This study examined the morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties, structure, and in vitro drug release studies of electrospun nanofibers. Antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of the electrospun nanofibrous mats were also studied. The HRTEM and FESEM pictures of PCL and PCL-CPM nanofibers provide that smooth, defect-free, and homogeneous nanofibers were found to be 602.08 ± 75 nm and 414.15 ± 82 nm for PCL and PCL-CPM nanofibers, respectively. The presence of Clerodendrum phlomidis extract in the electrospun nanofibers was approved by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy. The incorporation of Clerodendrum phlomidis extract to nanofiber mats resulted in substantial antibacterial activity against bacterial cells. PCL-CPM mats exposed to oral cancer (HSC-3) and renal cell carcinoma (ACHN) cell lines displayed promising anticancer activity with less than 50% survival rate after 24 h of incubation. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay performed on PCL-CPM nanofibers revealed the antioxidant scavenging activity with maximum inhibition of 34% suggesting the role of the secondary metabolites release from scaffold. As a result, the findings of this study revealed that Clerodendrum phlomidis extract encapsulating PCL electrospun nanofibers has a high potential for usage as a biobased antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant agent.

Anticancer efficacy of lupeol incorporated electrospun Polycaprolactone/gelatin nanocomposite nanofibrous mats.

Despite the anticancer effect of lupeol (Lup), low aqueous solubility can make its therapeutic usage difficult. However, polycaprolactone/Gelatin (PCL-GEL) nanofibers scaffold eliminates this problem. This study has been conducted to recognize PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers effect on cancer cell lines. PCL-GEL solution was prepared at different ratios (8 wt% and 4 wt%) for achieving optimal nanofibers. PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers were provided via electrospinning technique. The surface morphology of nanofibers was examined using FESEM. Functional groups were investigated by a Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Lupeol released from nanofibers was detected by a UV-Visible spectroscopy. The drug release profile confirmed the sustained release of about 80% achieved within 40 h. IC50of lupeol against ACHN and HSC-3 cell lines are 52.57 and 66.10µg ml-1respectively. The study results from aid an understanding of the fabrication of a scaffold with an optimum dose of bioactive lupeol in 6 wt% with bead free uniform diameter that is capable of binding the drug efficiently. The enhanced cytotoxicity activity by effective diffusion and elution to the target achieved in this study help to develop a nanofiber in the ongoing battle against cancer.