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1.
Rev. colomb. bioét ; 18(1)jun. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1535769

ABSTRACT

Propósito/Contexto: este artículo analiza algunas injusticias que experimentan quienes viven con VIH-SIDA en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología/Enfoque: se realiza una aproximación a la Bioética, buscando fundamentar el carácter distributivo de la justicia en relación con el VIH-SIDA; luego, a partir del trabajo académico de Didier Fassin, se aborda la categoría "razón humanitaria" para develar los desafíos que subyacen ante la ausencia de una política específica para el VIH-SIDA. Resultados/Hallazgos: se brindan recomendaciones que permiten transformar los espacios práctico-políticos de participación ciudadana para la toma de decisiones en salud, de tal manera que se asegure justicia política en el marco del VIH-SIDA. Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones: el trabajo hace un aporte a la reflexión social de la bioética en América Latina y el Caribe porque expone un fenómeno moral concreto, el VIH-SIDA, desde un escenario cultural determinado (Bogotá), donde la vida, la dignidad y los derechos humanos están en juego por la ausencia de una política gubernamental que responda apropiadamente a la realidad serológica aquí enunciada.


Purpose/Background: This article analyzes some injustices experienced by those living with HIV-AIDS in the city of Bogotá (Colombia). Methodology/Approach: To this end, it makes an approach to bioethics seeking to support the distributive nature of justice in relation to HIV- AIDS; then, based on Didier Fassin's academic work, he addresses the humanitarian reason category to reveal the challenges that underlie the absence of a specific policy for HIV- AIDS. Results/Findings: It offers recommendations that allow transforming the practical-political spaces of citizen participation for decision-making in health, in such a way that political justice is ensured within the framework of HIV- AIDS. Discussion/Conclusions/Contributions: The work makes a contribution to the social reflection of bioethics in Latin America and the Caribbean because it exposes a concrete moral phenomenon (HIV-AIDS), from a certain cultural scenario (Bogotá), where life, dignity and human rights are at stake due to the absence of a specific government policy that responds appropriately to the serological reality stated here.


Objetivo/Contexto: este artigo analisa algumas das injustiças vivenciadas por pessoas que vivem com HIV-AIDS na cidade de Bogotá, Colômbia. Metodologia/abordagem: é feita uma abordagem da bioética, buscando fundamentar a natureza distributiva da justiça em relação ao HIV-AIDS; em seguida, com base no trabalho acadêmico de Didier Fassin, a categoria de "razão humanitária" é abordada para revelar os desafios subjacentes à ausência de uma política específica para o HIV-AIDS. Resultados/conclusões: São fornecidas recomendações para transformar os espaços práticos-políticos para a participação dos cidadãos na tomada de decisões de saúde a fim de garantir a justiça política no contexto do HIV/AIDS. Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições: o trabalho contribui para a reflexão social da bioética na América Latina e no Caribe porque expõe um fenômeno moral concreto, o HIV-AIDS, a partir de um cenário cultural específico (Bogotá), onde a vida, a dignidade e os direitos humanos estão em jogo devido à ausência de uma política governamental que responda adequadamente à realidade sorológica aqui enunciada.

2.
Palliat Support Care ; 17(6): 662-667, 2019 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30862320

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: A major barrier to the adoption of an approach that integrates spirituality into palliative care is the lack of preparation/education of healthcare professionals on the topic. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a continuing education activity for healthcare professionals addressing spirituality and spiritual care provision to patients and families within palliative care. METHOD: We conducted an intervention study using a quantitative pre- and posttest design in a convenience sample of 52 healthcare professionals. Participants completed the Brazilian version of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale before and after attending a four-hour continuing education activity. RESULT: Significant differences were observed between pre- and postintervention scores in the following dimensions: assessment and implementation of spiritual care, professionalization and improving the quality of spiritual care, personal support, and patient counseling (p < 0.001), and referral (p = 0.003). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS: The results of this study provide preliminary evidence of a positive effect of this educational intervention on the development of the competences needed by healthcare professionals to deliver a comprehensive approach centered on the patient/family, which includes attention to spirituality and spiritual care in the decision-making process.


Subject(s)
Education, Continuing/methods , Health Personnel/education , Palliative Care/methods , Spirituality , Adult , Brazil , Education, Continuing/statistics & numerical data , Female , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Palliative Care/statistics & numerical data
3.
Palliat Support Care ; 17(3): 322-327, 2019 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30073940

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study describes the cross-cultural validation and psychometric evaluation of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale - Brazilian Portuguese version. This reliable and valid instrument is recommended in the literature to measure the outcomes of the education process in the development of spiritual care competences. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional validation study following the stages proposed by Beaton et al.: translation into Portuguese, back translation into English, expert committee review for semantic equivalence, assessment of the clarity of the pre-final version, and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the final version in Portuguese. Health professionals working at a public hospital in South Brazil participated in the different stages of this study.ResultRegarding internal consistency, total Cronbach's alpha was 0.92 and the mean inter-item correlation was 0.29. The test-retest procedure showed no statistically significant differences in the six subscales. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.67 to 0.84, demonstrating the stability of the scale.Significance of resultsThe results support the psychometric quality of the scale and indicate that the adapted instrument is a valid and reliable scale with good internal consistency for measuring spiritual care competencies of health professionals in Brazilian healthcare settings.


Subject(s)
Culturally Competent Care/standards , Psychometrics/standards , Spiritual Therapies/instrumentation , Adult , Brazil , Clinical Competence/standards , Cross-Sectional Studies , Culturally Competent Care/statistics & numerical data , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Psychometrics/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Spiritual Therapies/methods , Spiritual Therapies/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires , Translating
5.
Rev. colomb. bioét ; 8(2): 193-199, jul.-dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-750167

ABSTRACT

La complejidad de la sociedad en que vivimos se refleja también por el mosaico de conexiones e intercambios a partir de la diversidad étnica, biológica, económica, ideológica, religiosa, de espiritualidad, de creencias, de género y de orientación sexual, entre otros. Todos estos aspectos de cada individuo afectarán su vida, y consecuentemente, su salud. A su vez, una de las características de la bioética es precisamente la interculturalidad, puesto que propone negociaciones y acuerdos para solucionar los conflictos en el marco de la salud. En este sentido, se destacan diferentes ámbitos de atención a la salud, es decir, el ámbito doméstico o casero, el ámbito de las alternativas en salud y la medicina tradicional, y el ámbito de la medicina científica. La interculturalidad en salud puede entonces definirse como la complementariedad ecuánime y la comprensión de visiones institucionales y tradicionales sobre los aspectos sociales, políticos, económicos y sobre todo culturales que afectan a la salud. La interculturalidad y la bioética son también capaces de fundamentar políticas de convivencia, ciudadanía y derechos humanos, bien como capaces de estimular el respeto por las distintas cosmovisiones, sin olvidar de conectar los procesos de salud y la armonía con la naturaleza.


A complexidade da sociedade em que vivemos se reflete também pelo mosaico de conexões e intercambios a partir da diversidade étnica, biológica, econômica, ideológica, religiosa, de espiritualidade, de crenças, de gênero e de orientação sexual, entre outros. Todos estes aspectos de cada indivíduo afetarão sua vida, e consequentemente, sua saúde. Por sua vez, uma das características da Bioética é precisamente a interculturalidade, posto que propõe negociações e acordos para solucionar os conflitos no âmbito da saúde. Neste sentido, destacam-se diferentes âmbitos de atenção em saúde, a saber, o âmbito doméstico ou caseiro, o âmbito das alternativas em saúde e a medicina complementar, e o âmbito da medicina científica. A interculturalidade em saúde pode definir-se como a complementaridade equânime e a compreensão de visões institucionais e tradicionais sobre os aspectos sociais, políticos, econômicos e, sobretudo culturais que afetam à saúde. A interculturalidade e a bioética são também capazes de fundamentar políticas de convivência, cidadania e direitos humanos, bem como capazes de estimular o respeito pelas distintas cosmovisões, sem esquecer-se de conectar os processos de saúde e a harmonia com a natureza.


Subject(s)
Bioethics , Cultural Diversity , Delivery of Health Care
6.
Rev. bioét. (Impr.) ; 21(2): 218-225, maio-ago. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690179

ABSTRACT

O artigo objetiva discutir a atenção em saúde sob uma perspectiva intercultural e laica. A proposição da bioética como interdisciplina, desde Potter até autores contemporâneos, traz consigo forte estímulo à reflexão sobre a atenção em saúde e a premente necessidade de diálogo entre os saberes envolvidos nesta área. A interculturalidade, como proposta de abordagem em saúde, remete ao pensamento de que não é possível exercer a atenção em saúde sem relacioná-la com outros elementos envolvidos além dos biológicos, tais como históricos, sociais, políticos, econômicos, religiosos, culturais, entre outros. Um modelo de atenção em saúde pode ser construído a partir da interpretação de uma realidade, que por sua vez também pode ser construída. Atualmente, os distintos modelos de atenção em saúde existentes se deparam com o desafio de integrar-se entre si, com base em seus saberes diversos, legitimando uma real atenção integral em saúde.


The paper aims to debate health care from an intercultural and secular perspective. The proposition of bio-ethics as interdisciplinary, from Potter to contemporary authors, brings a strong incentive to reflection onhealth care and the urgent need for dialogue between the knowledge involved in this area. Interculturality, asa possible approach in health, leads to the thinking that it is not possible to exercise the health care withoutrelating it to other elements beyond the biological, such as historical, social, political, economic, religious,cultural, among others. A health care model can be constructed from the interpretation of a reality, whichin turn, can also be constructed. Currently, the different health care models face the challenge of integratingwith each other, based in the different knowledge, legitimizing an integral health care attention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bioethics , Cultural Diversity , Delivery of Health Care , Health Services , Primary Health Care , Public Health Practice , Health Strategies , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
7.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 49(3): 325-30, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21839002

ABSTRACT

One of the current challenges of bioethics is to look at diversity in health care, and especially avoid hegemonic criteria established as normative and do not include diversity. In some situations, such policies contributed to the exclusion of the difference in what is supposedly enshrined as "normal." This includes the difficulties that are generated against health issues when approached from a cultural perspective, because the diseases are not equal and do not manifest the same way in different cultures, i.e. there are different ways of getting sick, which can be determined culturally. At the same time, bioethics is a proposal about the ethical conflicts related to life in general, so this article aims to explore how to structure the connection between an ethic of life (bioethics) and health from an intercultural perspective.


Subject(s)
Bioethics , Cultural Characteristics , Humans
8.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-685137

ABSTRACT

A diversidade do mundo em que vivemos desafia constantemente a bioética em seu labor como mediadora na resolução de problemas ou conflitos, sobretudo na área da saúde. Esta diversidade não se apresenta somente com relação aos aspectos étnicos dos indivíduos que buscam atenção em saúde, mas envolve também questões de gênero, de religiosidade e crenças, de condições socioeconômicas e culturais, entre tantos outros aspectos que configuram as características particulares de cada pessoa ou coletividade. Por sua vez, a partir da consideração da diversidade é que se configura a interculturalidade em saúde, ou seja, a complementaridade entre diferentes visões sobre uma mesma questão de saúde que se estabelece a partir do diálogo e do intercambio. Trata-se da coexistência de distintas cosmovisões de maneira complementar, sem preconceitos ou imposição de uma sobre outra. A bioética e a interculturalidade em saúde possuem pontos convergentes e comuns, pois, a bioética tem sua origem precisamente da necessidade de contemplar diferentes possibilidades e distintas racionalidades frente a uma série de conflitos que envolvem também questões de saúde. A conexão entre a bioética e a interculturalidade é uma possibilidade que pode contribuir para a solução de alguns desafios frente à diversidade que se apresenta no que concerne o processo de atenção em saúde


The diversity of the world in which we live constantly challenges the role of bioethics as a mediator in the solution of problems and conflicts, especially in the field of health. Such diversity is related not only to the ethnical backgrounds of the individuals who seek health care, but also to issues of gender, religion and beliefs, socioeconomic and cultural conditions, among several other aspects that comprise the particular characteristics of each subject or a group of subjects. From a different perspective, the diversity of a population is what determines its cross-culturality in health, i.e., the way different visions about the same health issue complement one another, based on dialog and information exchange. Moreover, it is what determines the complementary coexistence of diverse cosmovisions, without prejudices or the imposition of one cosmovision over the other. Bioethics and cross-culturality in health have converging and common aspects, once bioethics originates precisely from the need to deal with different possibilities and diverse rationalities in response to a series of conflicts that also involve health issues. Therefore, the convergence between bioethics and cross-culturality can possibly contribute to the solution of some challenges related to the diversity that characterizes the health care process


Subject(s)
Medicine
9.
Mol Genet Metab ; 99(4): 346-50, 2010 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20036175

ABSTRACT

In mucopolysaccharidosis VI, or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase leads to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and MPS VI patients often develop spinal cord compression during the course of the disease due to GAG storage within the cervical meninges, requiring neurosurgical intervention, as intravenous (IV) enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not expected to cross the blood-brain barrier. We report the use of intrathecal (IT) recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (arylsulfatase B, or ASB) in a MPS VI child with spinal cord compression whose parents initially refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical, neurological and biochemical evaluations, urodynamic studies and MRI of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after IT infusions of ASB administered monthly via lumbar puncture (LP) in a IV ERT naive patient. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS VI patient who received IT ERT. Despite significant urodynamic improvement and some neurological amelioration, the patient developed worsening of walking capacity. After IV ERT was started, the patient presented with a generalized hypotonia and a life-saving surgical fixation of the neck was then performed. The results observed on this MPS VI patient suggest that instability of the cervical vertebrae could be unmasked by IV ERT as joint storage is reduced, and the decrease in neck stiffness and stability could confound the expected improvement of SCC manifestations following IT ERT. The study of further patients, if possible in a clinical trial setting, is needed to evaluate the potential of a non-surgical IT ERT treatment of SCC for MPS VI.


Subject(s)
Meningitis/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis VI/drug therapy , N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-Sulfatase/administration & dosage , Child , Humans , Injections, Spinal , Male , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Spinal Cord Compression
10.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-834333

ABSTRACT

A busca pelo respeito da pluralidade em termos de diversidade cultural, étnica, religiosa, filosófica, de crença, de não crença, de convicções, de opções sexuais, enfim, de diferentes formas de liberdade de consciência torna-se cada vez mais necessária visando uma convivência harmônica e pacífica em sociedade. Para tanto, a laicidade é um instrumento social capaz de garantir a liberdade de consciência, a autonomia do civil frente ao religioso e a não discriminação, uma vez que pode ser definida como a transição a um regime social cujas instituições políticas se legitimam crescentemente pela soberania popular e não por elementos sagrados ou religiosos. Atualmente, muitas discussões no contexto da saúde têm trazido à tona questões que envolvem não apenas conflitos em razão de pertencimento religioso, mas também crenças e não crenças de maneira geral, bem como situações envolvendo questões de gênero e de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. Neste contexto, a laicidade possui aplicabilidade nas questões relativas à saúde de maneira geral, sobretudo naquelas afetas ao pertencimento religioso e aos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, podendo contribuir fomentando a reflexão sobre o respeito pela diferença, a não discriminação e a garantia da liberdade de consciência de cada um.


The search of respect for diversity in terms of diversity of culture, ethnicity, religion, philosophy, belief, lack of belief, convictions, sexual options, ultimately, regarding the different forms of freedom of conscience becomes increasingly necessary in order to achieve peaceful and harmonious social coexistence. With this purpose, laicity is a social instrument that can guarantee freedom of conscience, independence of the civil aspects from religious aspects and from non-discrimination, since it can be defined as the transition to a social system whose political institutions are increasingly legitimized by popular sovereignty instead of religious or sacred elements. Today, many discussions in the context of health care have brought up issues that involve not only conflicts related to religion, but also beliefs and lack of belief in general, as well as situations involving issues of gender and sexual and reproductive rights. In this context, laicity can be applied to health issues in general, especially those affecting the religious bonds and sexual and reproductive rights, which may stimulate reflection on the respect for difference, non-discrimination and guarantee of everyone's freedom of conscience.


Subject(s)
Humans , Personal Autonomy , Cultural Diversity , Public Health/standards , Attitude of Health Personnel , Reproductive Rights/standards , Refusal to Treat/ethics
11.
Am J Med Genet A ; 146A(19): 2538-44, 2008 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18792977

ABSTRACT

In mucopolysaccharidosis I, deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase can cause spinal cord compression (SCC) due to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the cervical meninges. As intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not likely to provide enzyme across the blood-brain barrier, standard treatment for this complication is usually surgical, which has a high morbidity and mortality risk. We report on the use of intrathecal (IT) laronidase in a MPS I patient with SCC who refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical and biochemical evaluations, 4-extremity somatosensory evoked potentials, 12 min walk test and MRI studies of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after 4 IT infusions of laronidase administered monthly via lumbar puncture. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS patient who received IT ERT. No major adverse events were observed. There were no clinically significant changes in serum chemistries. CSF GAG results revealed pretreatment values slightly above normal standards: 13.3 mg/L (NV < 12 mg/L) which after IT laronidase infusions were within normal levels (10.3 mg/L). 12MWT presented a 14% improvement, with better performance on stability and gait control. Maximum voluntary ventilation showed 55.6% improvement considering the percentage of predicted (26.7% at baseline compared to 41.9%); Maximum Inspiration Pressure improved 36.6% of predicted (26.8% at baseline to 36.7%); Pulmonary diffusion improved 17.6% of predicted %. In conclusion, although the improvement observed in this case with IT laronidase should be confirmed in further patients, this procedure seems to be a safe treatment for SCC in MPS I.


Subject(s)
Iduronidase/administration & dosage , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis I/therapy , Spinal Cord Compression/complications , Spinal Cord Compression/therapy , Adult , Drug Administration Schedule , Humans , Iduronidase/genetics , Iduronidase/therapeutic use , Injections, Spinal/adverse effects , Injections, Spinal/methods , Male , Radiography , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Spinal Cord Compression/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Puncture/methods , Treatment Outcome
12.
J Int Bioethique ; 19(1-2): 181-92, 207, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18664010

ABSTRACT

Since its beginning, Bioethics has been related to medical decision making. In health settings, difficult dilemmas, critical situations, controversial decisions are problems that clinical Bioethics reflects on. Institutional Ethics Committees is a general and ambiguous denomination to many different activities. In Brazilian hospitals, we have three different kinds of ethics and bioethics committees: Medical Ethics Committees, Research Ethics Committees and Clinical Bioethics Committees. The first implemented committees were the Medical Ethics Committees, whose objective is to evaluate professional ethics conflicts. These committees were proposed by the Conselho Federal de Medicina (Brazilian Medicine Council). In 1988, the Brazilian government, through the Conselho Nacional de Saude (Brazilian National Health Council) proposed the first research guidelines: Resolucao 01/88, updated in 1996 by Resolucao 196/96. One of these guidelines created the Research Ethics Committees. The first one was created in the Hospital Sao Lucas and the second in the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, both in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. In 1993, the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre created the first Brazilian Clinical Bioethics Committee. A Clinical Bioethics Committee can be defined as an interdisciplinary group of health professionals and other persons, whose objective is to provide consultancy on ethical questions and suggest institutional ethical guidelines, in a transdisciplinary perspective. In healthcare institutions, especially in hospitals, Clinical Bioethics Committees can help different segments in critical decision-making that involves ethical, moral, legal or social issues. The activities of a Clinical Bioethics Committee can be reactive or proactive. Consultancy is the typical reactive activity. Clinical Bioethics rounds are the example of proactive activity. In this study, we will present two different Brazilian experiences in Clinical Bioethics Committees: Hospital Sao Lucas and Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre.


Subject(s)
Bioethical Issues , Ethics Committees, Clinical/organization & administration , Ethics, Clinical , Patient Advocacy/ethics , Brazil , Ethical Analysis , Ethics Committees, Clinical/ethics , Humans , Organizational Objectives , Principle-Based Ethics , Professional Competence , Professional Role
13.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 25(2): 202-206, ago. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-463437

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de um estudo de casos incidentes sobre eventos adversos graves ocorridos em projetos de pesquisa clínica apresentados ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Os tipos, as classificações e as repercussões são apresentadas em um levantamento preliminar de 1543 eventos adversos graves notificados ao Hospital em diversas especialidades médicas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ethics Committees, Research , Physiological Effects of Drugs , Biomedical Research , Research Policy Evaluation
14.
Rev Gaucha Enferm ; 25(2): 202-6, 2004 Aug.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15683009

ABSTRACT

This is a report of the study on incidents cases about severe adverse events from clinical research protocols that were presented to Research Ethic Committee from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. The adverse events types, classifications and repercussions are presented in a preliminary evaluation from 1543 severe adverse events notified to Hospital in various medicals specialties.


Subject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic/adverse effects , Hospitals, University , Humans , Severity of Illness Index
18.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 49(4): 372-4, 2003.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14963587

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Informed Consent allows the person invited to participate of a research project to understand the procedures, risks, discomforts, benefits and rights involved; determining an autonomic decision. We want to verify in the informed consent process the adequacy of given information to research subjects in a collective way. METHODS: A research project was chosen from the gynecologic area. The collective obtainment consisted of an oral presentation. After that, The Consent form was shown. Forty-five patients were interviewed, immediately after the consent obtainment. RESULTS: Remembrance capacity of information about procedures, risks and benefits explained were verified. All participants (100%) remembered the procedures, 54% of them remembered the risks and 96% the probable benefits. Comparing these data with others from a similar study using conventional informed consent process (individual information transmission) the subjects remember more information in the present study. CONCLUSION: These results evidence the possibility to inform collectively the research subjects when getting the Informed Consent in those projects where this choice is available.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , Informed Consent , Comprehension , Female , Humans , Research Design , Risk Assessment
19.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 49(4): 372-374, 2003. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-354859

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: O processo de consentimento livre e esclarecido tem por objetivo permitir que a pessoa que está sendo convidada a participar de um projeto de pesquisa compreenda os procedimentos, riscos, desconfortos, benefícios e direitos envolvidos, visando permitir uma decisão autônoma. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a possibilidade de fornecer informações de forma coletiva na obtenção do consentimento livre e esclarecido. MÉTODOS: Em um projeto de pesquisa da área da Ginecologia foi utilizada a transmissão coletiva de informações, através de uma palestra, para a obtenção do consentimento livre e esclarecido. Foram entrevistadas 45 participantes deste projeto, verificando a recordação dos procedimentos, riscos e benefícios. RESULTADOS: Todas as participantes (100 por cento) recordaram os procedimentos, 54 por cento delas recordaram os riscos e 96 por cento os benefícios prováveis. Comparando os presentes resultados com os obtidos em um estudo similar utilizando o processo de consentimento livre e esclarecido convencional (transmissão individual de informações), verificou-se que os sujeitos de pesquisa recordaram mais informações no atual estudo. CONCLUSÕES: Estes resultados indicam a possibilidade de que as informações necessárias ao consentimento livre e esclarecido possam ser dadas de forma coletiva, nos projetos em que esta alternativa seja adequada


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Human Experimentation , Informed Consent , Research , Comprehension , Research Design , Risk Assessment
20.
Bioética ; 10(1): 31-44, 2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-320454

ABSTRACT

A utilizaçäo de animais em experimentos científicos remonta ao século V a.C. Porém, o seu uso intensivo foi crescente a partir dos anos 1800. Muitos avanços nos conhecimentos, na área da saúde, foram obtidos com modelos animais. A regulamentaçäo do uso de animais para fins científicos e didáticos é uma preocupaçäo constante no meio acadêmico. No Brasil, näo existe lei específica ou equivalente que regulamente o uso de animais em experimentaçöes científicas. Entretanto, dois projetos de lei sobre o assunto estäo tramitando no Congresso Nacional desde 1995. Existem algumas normas e princípios orientadores para a pesquisa em modelos animais, criadas por diversas instituiçöes nacionais e internacionais, que podem ser utilizadas para orientar os pesquisadores. Embora, muitas pessoas tenham escrito sobre o status moral dos animais ao longo de muitos anos, ainda näo há, nos dias atuais, um consenso sobre a verdadeira posiçäo que os animais ocupam em relaçäo aos seres humanos


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Rights , Bioethics , Ethics , Models, Animal , Animals, Laboratory , Research , Research Design
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