[Self-evaluation of health state in athletes].

The article covers scientific basis and elaboration of system concerning self-evaluation of athletes' health state. The study comprised 2 steps. During the first step, a group of 62 athletes (45 males and 17 females) performed methods of self-evaluation of health state through a list of changes, tests and stress testing. The second step included processing and generalization of the data obtained and specification of an integral scale of self-evaluation of athletes health state.

[Method of individual evaluation of athletes' tolerance of maximal physical exertion under exposure to changed hypoxic and hypothermal environment].

The article covers a program determining order and method of gradual examination of highly qualified athletes engaged into winter sports in Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Center in Bournazian FMBC of the FMBA of Russia, to assess physical performance and individual tolerance in changed climate (hypoxic and hypothermal) conditions.

[The estimation of correlation dependences between the results of clinical examination and screening diagnostics of the risk factors of the development of cardiovascular diseases in the women of late reproductive age].

The results of clinical trials give evidence of the close correlation between the data obtained by clinical, biochemical, and instrumental methods and the data of screening studies designed to estimate the risk factors responsible for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the women of late reproductive age.

[Electric impulse therapy of hypertensive patients].

Patients with mild arterial hypertension and hypersympathicotonia treated with electroimpulse therapy improved their clinicofunctional state, blood pressure (especially systolic pressure), its variability, sympathic activity, central regulation of cardiac rhythm, capillary reserves.

[Individual characteristics of changes in the functional state of a human operator in a simulated long-term flight aboard a single-seat airplane]. / Individual'nye osobennosti izmeneniia funktsional'nogo sostoianiia cheloveka-operatora v usloviiakh modeliruemogo dlitel'nogo poleta na odnomestnom samolete.

In the 12-hour experiment with simulation of habituation factors in the cabin of one-seat aeroplane the individual dynamics of indices in 29 men (volunteers) has been studied. The reactive-situational anxiety, self-rating, heart rate, arterial pressure, blood glucose level, operator working capacity have been recorded. There have been revealed the twelve types of individual dynamics of the indices: linear increase or decrease, elevation or decline with stabilization of an indicator level, stable with a consequent elevation (decline), step-wise increase (decrease), P- and U-shaped wave-shaped dynamics and practically constant level have been recorded. The individual dynamics was depended on the expressivity and plasticity (responsiveness) of the prestart response to the effect of unfavourable factors resulting in the psychic and physiological stress and fatigue as well as in the internal variations of each test subject.

[Criterion significance of erythrocyte membranes adrenoreceptors functional index for evaluating the functional state of human operator]. / Kriterial'naia znachimost' pokazatelia adrenoretseptsii membran 'eritrotsitov v kompleksnoí otsenke funktsional'nogo sostoianiia cheloveka-operatora.

In 30 human volunteers who performed operator activity for 25 min on the stand trainer there have been determined the pre- and post-operation magnitude of beta-adrenoception of the cellular membranes (beta-APM) by applying the author's method (Russian Federation Patent), hemodynamic indices, osmoresistance of erythrocytes and the content of total bilirubin in the blood. The quality of operator activity was determined from the amount of erroneous actions and from time (T) spent for their clearing. There exists the direct correlation between the magnitudes of beta-APM and T within the mean ranges of their magnitudes (on evidence derived from histograms). The moderately increased magnitudes of beta-APM (10-16 units) which are in the limits of the norm (10-16 units) determined by us are the criterion of high working capacity of an operator. Magnitudes of beta-APM which are higher than 16 units mesh perfectly with the high quality of operator activity, however, on the screening examination remain, to be considered as the risk factor of developing the stressor-induced diseases.

[Features of changes in psychophysiological state of operators exposed to high temperatures]. / Osobennosti izmeneniia psikhofiziologicheskogo sostoianiia operatora pri vozdeistvii vysokikh temperatur.

Having analyzed the scientific materials, the author stresses the absence of unified theory on psychophysiologic changes caused in operators by high ambient temperatures. The personal research proved that high ambient temperatures (45-60 C with humidity at 10-15%) cause worse psychophysiologic state of operators since beginning of the exposure. The author considers that it could result from excess of the skin weighted average temperature over the rectal one. That is characteristic for the operator performing no physical work. Other feature of the temperature state is compromised "temperature image" integrating temperatures of the skin, blood, viscera and hypothalamus for better homeostasis.

[The characteristics of the action of ethanol in operators with different states of the skin tissue basophils]. / Osobennost' deistviia étanola u operatorov s raznym sostoianiem tkanevykh bazofilov kozhi.

The changes in some parameters of an operator activity after ethanol administration at a dose of 1.9 g/kg body weight in 10 men doing the job of two-dimensional compensatory tracking in simulator, have been studied. In this case, the population state of tissue basophils (mast cells) of the body by studying the amounts of various structural and metabolic forms of these cells, contained in the skin biopsies, was studied. The degree of deterioration in operator activity was evaluated separately for the subjects with the population characteristics of tissue basophils higher or lower than mean values. It is indicated that the subjects with a low initial number of tissue basophils exhibiting signs of a holocrine-typed secretion and with a more pronounced response of these cells to ethanol were characterized by a significantly higher degree of the impairing many parameters of operator activity. Such differences were especially marked immediately after ethanol administration and practically lacked 12 hours after.

[Various indicators of brain metabolism during hypoxia and hyperthermia]. / Nekotorye pokazateli metabolizma v golovnom mozge pri gipoksii i perenagrevanii.

Hypoxic, thermal and radiation tolerance of rats exposed to hypoxia and overheating for 4 to 22 days was measured. Activities of succinic dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase as well as water content in the brain were examined biochemically and histochemically. Brain tolerance and metabolism varied in a phasic manner. Both specific and nonspecific adaptive reactions were identified. A direct correlation was established between hypoxic tolerance and aerobic oxidation decrease as well as enzyme-dependent transport in cerebral vascular walls. A relationship between CNS radiation tolerance and permeability of the blood-brain barrier was detected.

[Short-term action of high carbon monoxide concentrations on the psychophysiological functions of a human operator]. / Issledovanie kratkovremennogo vozdeistviia vysokikh kontsentratsii okisi ugleroda na nekotorye psikhofiziologicheskie funktsii cheloveka-operatora.

Experiments on volunteers, aged 26-40, demonstrated that a 10-minute exposure to carbon monoxide at a concentration of 900 +/- 20 mg/m3 caused a significant decline of the quality of their operator's function. The task they performed was a two-dimensional compensatory tracking task combined with mental arithmetic. Some of the test subjects showed symptoms of mild CO intoxication which preceded disorders in their work and were accompanied by an increase of HbCO to 10 +/- 0.57%. Such an exposure to CO should be regarded as hazardous since it may increase the probability of erroneous actions particularly, of the flying personnel.

[Evaluation of adaptation of animals to hypoxic hypoxia by the multiple regression method]. / Otsenka adaptatsii zhivotnykh k gipoksicneskoi gipoksii s pomoshch'iu metoda mnozhestvennoi regressii.

White mice were exposed to hypoxic hypoxia during 30 days. In the study a correlation between the altitude ceiling and various physiological parameters (body weight, body temperature variations in response to a cold stress (5 degrees C), hemoglobin content, coefficients of adaptive oxygen consumption determined as the ratio of oxygen consumption at 6000 m to that at sea level (K1) and the ratio of oxygen consumption in hypoxic environment to that in a normoxic atmosphere (K2) was established. The data obtained allow the conclusion that the multiple regression method can be used for measuring objectively the tension of regulatory systems and for discriminating stages of animal adaptation to hypoxic hypoxia.