ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical levobupivacaine drops 0.75% vs. lidocaine drops 4% in cataract surgery. METHODS: We examined 203 patients undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. They were randomized into two groups: one received four drops of lidocaine 4% and the other received four drops of levobupivacaine 0.75%. The onset and offset times of sensory block were evaluated. Application, intraoperative and postoperative subjective pain was quantified by the patients using a verbal pain score. Complications, rates of supplemental anaesthesia, and the satisfaction of surgeon and patients were also recorded. RESULTS: The mean sensory onset and offset times were significantly higher for the levobupivacaine group (P < 0.01). Pain score was lower in the levobupivacaine group than in the lidocaine one and the difference was statistically significant at all stages (P < 0.01). The mean satisfaction scores of patients and surgeon were also statistically higher for levobupivacaine (P < 0.01). No significant differences for complications and rates of supplemental anaesthesia were found. CONCLUSIONS: Topical levobupivacaine 0.75% shows the same efficacy and safety as lidocaine 4% in cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. There was an adequate block with a good level of satisfaction of surgeon and patients. Levobupivacaine 0.75% offers a new and acceptable choice for topical anaesthesia in cataract surgery.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Local/methods , Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use , Cataract Extraction/methods , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Administration, Topical , Analysis of Variance , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Bupivacaine/adverse effects , Bupivacaine/analogs & derivatives , Bupivacaine/therapeutic use , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Levobupivacaine , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Lidocaine/adverse effects , Male , Pain Measurement/methods , Patient Satisfaction , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Adenosine Deaminase/deficiency , Amino Acids/metabolism , Nucleoside Deaminases/deficiency , Female , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
In a 36-month-old child a severe hemolytic anemia occurred after the administration of a pyrazolonic drug. Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was absent in the patient. Intermediate enzymatic levels were demonstrated in the mother and in the maternal grand-mother with a corresponding erythrocyte mosaicism at the methemoglobin elution test. Some cells showed Heinz bodies and peculiar changes in the morphology in the initial phase of the crisis. There is no mention in the literature of a hemolytic action of this drug.
