ABSTRACT
Participatory research has not been a conspicuous methodology in developing nations for studying invasive pests, an increasing threat to the sustainable development in the tropics. Our study presents a community-based monitoring system that focuses on three invasive potato tuber moth species (PTM). The monitoring was developed and implemented by young farmers in a remote mountainous area of Ecuador. Local participants collected data from the PTM invasion front, which revealed clear connection between the abundance of one of the species (Tecia solanivora) and the remoteness to the main market place. This suggests that mechanisms structuring invasive populations at the invasion front are different from those occurring in areas invaded for longer period. Participatory monitoring with local people may serve as a cost-effective early warning system to detect and control incipient invasive pest species in countries where the daily management of biological resources is largely in the hands of poor rural people.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Community Participation , Moths , Solanum tuberosum/parasitology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Ecuador , Female , Humans , Insect Control , Male , Research Design , Rural Population , Young AdultABSTRACT
10 male patients with stable angina of effort were studied via bicycle ergometer test and Holter's dynamic ECG. Effort produced asymptomatic ischaemia which were well tolerated and statistically much shorter and less intense than symptomatic attacks in the same patients. The primary qualification for admission to the survey was the presence of stable angina of effort verified by two ergometric tests revealing a stable ischaemic threshold. No predictive figure for asymptomatic ischaemic attacks was found in subjects with a latency period between the appearance of the ischaemia signal and onset of increased angor. It is therefore concluded that Holter ECG test must be added to ergometry for a correct evaluation of subjects with stable angina of effort.
