ABSTRACT
Tomato plants are highly susceptible to pests. Among the control methods, genetic improvement with introgression of resistance genes from wild accessions into commercial tomato lines is the best alternative for an integrated pest management (IPM). Thus, the objective of this study was to select tomato genotypes in advanced populations (F2BC3), with higher levels of acylsugar content, greater recurrent parent genome recovery, and resistance to Tetranychus urticae and Bemisia tabaci inherited from Solanum pennellii. For pest resistance, bioassays were assessed: nine high-acylsugar genotypes, four low-acylsugar genotypes, and the parents, Solanum lycopersicum or 'Redenção', and Solanum pennellii LA-716. Glandular and non-glandular trichomes were quantified. A negative correlation was measured between acylsugar content in the leaflets and pest behavior. Pest resistance was found in the selected F2BC3 genotypes with high-acylsugar content, indicating that this allelochemical was efficient in controlling the arthropod pests.
ABSTRACT
In this study, we use for the first time the electropenetrography (EPG) technique to characterize and describe the feeding activities of Collaria scenica (Stål) adults and their respective waveforms on wheat, Triticum aestivum L. plants. It comprised of four waveforms, two related to non-feeding (Np and R) and two with feeding activities (CR and I). The Np wave represents the insect resting or walking on the plant surface (75% of the recording time). R wave was associated to sensory evaluation of leaf surface with the tip of the labium (labial dabbing activity-ca. 1% of the recording time). Feeding activities were of relative short duration; cell rupture waveform (CR-ca. 49 min-ca. 15% of the recording time) was highly irregular due to constant movement of the stylets internally in the plant tissue. The waveform I (ca. 28 min-ca. 9% of the recording time) showed stereotypical and repetitive pattern and represents ingestion of the cell contents previously degraded via cell-rupturing activities. The damage caused by C. scenica in wheat leaflets is a result of cell-rupturing activities, generated by action of digestive enzymes plus mechanical action of serrated mandibular stylets. This results in whitish streaks, dots, or spots on the leaflet of wheat plants which cause significant damage and eventually plants' death.
Subject(s)
Herbivory , Heteroptera , Triticum , Animals , Plant LeavesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) and Diabrotica viridula F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are the two most abundant species of the genus in South America, and belong to the fucata and virgifera groups, respectively. Here, we characterize the dimorphism of the setae present on the basitarsi of males and females of these species. Dimorphism was confirmed in both species, and it was related to the presence of adhesive setae exclusively in males, which possess these structures on the basal tarsomeres of the pro- and mesothoracic legs.
ABSTRACT
A cefepima é um antimicrobiano da classe das cefalosporinas de quarta geração, prescritapara muitas infecções consideradas graves. Os efeitos adversos que mais chamam a atençãosão os que envolvem o sistema nervoso central, relatados como encefalopatia por cefepima. Odiagnóstico dessa enfermidade deve ser rápido, e a interrupção da droga, imediata.
Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic commonly prescribed for severeinfections. Its most serious adverse effects, known as cefepime-induced encephalopathy, involvethe central nervous system. This disorder must be quickly diagnosed and the drug suspendedimmediately.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases , Cephalosporins , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsABSTRACT
A síndrome da lise tumoral é caracterizada por complicações metabólicas edesenvolvimento de insuficiência renal aguda, em geral ocorrendo em pacientes com neoplasiaslinfoproliferativas e após o início do tratamento quimioterápico. A hiperuricemia é o distúrbiometabólico mais característico, ocorrendo também hiperfosfatemia, hipocalcemia e hipercalemia.A insuficiência renal é decorrente principalmente da deposição de urato nos túbulos renais.Hidratação vigorosa e administração de alopurinol constituem o manejo principal da síndrome.Identificação precoce e instituição de medidas preventivas são importantes para que se evite odesenvolvimento de dano renal.
Tumor lysis syndrome is characterized by metabolic derangements and development ofacute renal failure, generally occurring in patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies afterchemotherapy initiation. Hyperuricemia is the most characteristic metabolic abnormality, withpresence of hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia as well. Renal failure mainlyresults from urate deposition on renal tubules. Vigorous hydration and allopurinol administrationare the main management options. Early recognition and institution of preventive measures areimportant to avoid renal impairment.
