Functional Outcomes of Primary Hemiarthroplasty for Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background and objective Intertrochanteric fractures pose a growing healthcare challenge among the elderly, demanding effective management strategies. This study addressed the rising incidence of hip fractures, emphasizing the complications associated with traditional nonsurgical approaches. It aimed to explore postoperative functional outcomes and complications associated with primary hemiarthroplasty as an alternative to internal fixation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Materials and methods This study included 20 elderly patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures. It evaluated key variables such as patient demographics, comorbidities, fracture characteristics, surgical approach, and postoperative metrics. To perform hemiarthroplasty, we utilized a nonmodular bipolar prosthesis with cement. Postoperative follow-up included an assessment of clinical and radiological parameters, focusing on outcomes and complications. Results The mean age of the participants was 71.65 years; it was found that a significant segment of the participants (n=9, 45%) did not have any comorbidities. The surgical outcomes were characterized by minimal blood loss (275 ± 57.35 ml), short hospital stays (6.55± 1.95 days), and satisfactory operative durations (80.25 ± 10.19 minutes). Additionally, 14 (70%) patients did not require blood transfusions. After the surgery, complications were minimal, and there were no cases of deep wound complications, prosthesis dislocations, or deep vein thrombosis. The Harris Hip Scores reflected favorable outcomes in 14 cases (72.7%), with good or excellent hip scores. Conclusions Our findings revealed that primary hemiarthroplasty is a reliable and effective strategy for managing unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly, providing stable joints and acceptable complication rates. Early mobilization, facilitated by hemiarthroplasty, mitigates postoperative complications, making it a viable alternative for elderly patients.

Periodontal health of the geriatric population in old-age homes of Delhi, India.

BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in the geriatric population. Assessment of periodontal disease in a population is an important step in planning effective prevention and control programs for periodontal disease. Therefore, a study was carried out in old-age homes of Delhi to assess the periodontal status of 65-74-year-old elderly and recommend interventions to improve their periodontal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 464 elderly from old-age homes of Delhi. Periodontal health status of the participants was determined using the WHO oral health assessment form. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and loss of attachment (LOA) were recorded. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was used to determine statistically significant difference among CPI scores and LOA according to age and gender. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The result of the study showed that 25.4% of the elderly had healthy periodontium, 71.1% had a periodontal pocket of 6 mm or more, and 2.40% had a pocket depth of 4-5 mm. Around 36% had 6-8 mm LOA and 34.70% had 9-11 mm LOA. The difference between CPI scores among gender and age group was not significant (P = 0.20, P = 0.096). However, the difference among gender for LOA was found significant (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: The results from this study show that periodontal health of elderly residing in old-age homes is very poor. The periodontal status of this population can be enhanced by special collaborative efforts from the government and various nongovernmental organizations toward preventive and curative periodontal health services.

Association of gingivitis with children oral health-related quality of life in Lucknow: A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION: Gingivitis is codified as the most familiar oral disease in children and teenagers. Several studies reported that most of the children and adolescents have negative impact on quality of life (QoL) due to gingivitis or destructive periodontal disease or poor oral health status. Existing literature in this context on Indian population is sparse. Hence, this study has been shouldered to find out possible coalition between gingivitis and COHRQoL. OBJECTIVE: This study desires to evaluate the confederation of gingivitis and child oral health-related quality of life (COHRQoL) among school children of Lucknow. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in school going children with the age group of 11-14 years, with a representative sample of 400 students in Lucknow city. For data on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), a predesigned questionnaire (CPQ11-14) was used for demographic information and questions on oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional, and social well-being. Gingival status was evaluated by Gingival index (Loe and Silness 1963). RESULTS: QoL was found to be moderately affected in children with severe gingivitis as compared with children with no gingivitis, mild, and moderate gingivitis, but this difference was found to be statistically nonsignificant (P = 0.896). CONCLUSION: The present findings indicated that the existence of substantial levels of gingivitis might be fatalistically related with how children perceive their oral health and daily life.

Effectiveness of chemomechanical caries removal agents Papacarie(®) and Carie-Care™ in primary molars: An in vitro study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The chemomechanical caries removal system is made presently available containing a natural proteolytic enzyme for ease in the excavation of infected dentin. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of caries removal using Papacarie(®) and Carie-Care™. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 extracted deciduous molars with proximal caries were collected, and each tooth was sectioned mesiodistally in the center of the carious lesion so that the two halves (buccal and lingual or palatal) have similar carious lesions, thus 30 teeth yielded 60 specimens. The specimens from each tooth were divided alternatively into two groups for caries excavation either using Papacarie(®) or Carie-Care™ so as to avoid selection bias. Paired t-test was used to compare mean time taken for caries removal and Fischer's exact test was done for comparing bacterial remnants after caries excavation. RESULTS: Mean time taken for caries removal was significantly higher for Carie-Care™ (427.13 s) when compared to Papacarie(®) (385.8 s). Papacarie(®) was found to be significantly more efficient in caries removal with marked reduction in the bacterial remnants following excavation. However, both gels were found to be conservative as dentinal tubule destruction was not evident in either of them. CONCLUSION: Both Papacarie(®) and Carie-Care™ were found to be conservative in caries removal. Papacarie(®) was more efficient in removing bacteria in lesser time from the infected carious lesion.

Antimicrobial and anti-adherence activity of various combinations of coffee-chicory solutions on Streptococcus mutans: An in-vitro study.

CONTEXT: Several studies have demonstrated the activity of natural plants on the dental biofilm and caries development. But few studies on the antimicrobial activity of coffee-based solutions were found in the literature. Further there was no study available to check the antimicrobial effect of coffee solutions with different percentages of chicory in it. AIMS: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different combinations of coffee-chicory solutions and their anti-adherence effect on Streptococcus mutans to glass surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Test solutions were prepared. For antimicrobial activity testing, tubes containing test solution and culture medium were inoculated with a suspension of S. mutans followed by plating on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar. S. mutans adherence to glass in presence of the different test solutions was also tested. The number of adhered bacteria (CFU/mL) was determined by plating method. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical significance was measured using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Pure chicory had shown significantly less bacterial count compared to all other groups. Groups IV and V had shown significant reduction in bacterial counts over the period of 4 hrs. Regarding anti-adherence effect, group I-IV had shown significantly less adherence of bacteria to glass surface. CONCLUSIONS: Chicory exerted antibacterial effect against S. mutans while coffee reduced significantly the adherence of S. mutans to the glass surface.