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1.
Subst Use Addctn J ; : 29767342241237202, 2024 Mar 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38456483

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Understanding opioid overdose risk perception may inform overdose prevention strategies. METHODS: We used baseline data from a randomized overdose prevention trial, in San Francisco, CA, and Boston, MA, among people who used nonprescribed opioids, survived an overdose in the past 3 years, and had received naloxone. Participants were asked how likely they were to overdose in the next 4 months. We combined "extremely likely" and "likely" (higher risk perception) and "neutral," "unlikely," and "extremely unlikely" (lower risk perception). We performed bivariate analyses and separate multivariable logistic regression models of risk perception across (1) sociodemographic, (2) substance use, and (3) overdose risk behavior measures. Covariates were selected a priori or significant in bivariate analyses. RESULTS: Among 268 participants, 88% reported at least 1 overdose risk behavior; however, only 21% reported higher risk perception. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of higher risk perception was 2.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-5.30) among those unhoused in the past 4 months, 2.06 (95% CI: 1.05-4.05) among those using opioids in a new place, and 5.61 (95% CI: 2.82-11.16) among those who had overdosed in the past 4 months. Living in Boston was associated with higher risk perception in all 3 models (AOR = 2.00-2.46, 95% CI: 1.04-4.88). CONCLUSIONS: Despite prevalent risk behaviors, a minority of participants perceived themselves to be at higher risk of overdose. Nonetheless, some known risk factors for overdose were appropriately associated with risk perception. Fentanyl has been prevalent in Boston for longer than San Francisco, which may explain the higher risk perception there.

4.
J Gen Intern Med ; 35(8): 2468-2469, 2020 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32495098
6.
J Dev Behav Pediatr ; 36(4): 285-301, 2015 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25923529

ABSTRACT

Bullying is a common child and adolescent phenomenon that has concurrent and long-term implications for victims' psychological, psychosomatic, social, and academic functioning. Youth with chronic illnesses are at increased risk for being bullied, but few studies have evaluated specific risk and protective factors for medically fragile youth. Despite recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Society for Adolescent Medicine that pediatric health care providers should contribute to bullying prevention and intervention efforts, researchers also have yet to identify the best ways for providers to intervene with medically fragile youth. In this article, the authors review risk and protective factors for bullying among healthy samples. Then, the authors specifically address the ways in which these risk and protective factors are likely to apply to children with fragile medical conditions, and they provide summaries of extant bullying research for selected examples of medically fragile pediatric populations. Finally, the authors present recommendations for intervening with medically fragile youth and suggest several areas in which additional research is needed.


Subject(s)
Asthma/psychology , Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited/psychology , Bullying/prevention & control , Child Health Services/standards , Crime Victims/psychology , Food Hypersensitivity/psychology , Osteogenesis Imperfecta/psychology , Peer Group , Adolescent , Child , Humans
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