ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the current diagnostic methods for sleep bruxism (SB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review of the literature evaluates all available instrumental and noninstrumental methods of bruxism/SB diagnosis. RESULTS: SB diagnosis can be performed using self-reports and clinical examination, but these methods have little agreement with polysomnography. Two portable electromyography/electrocardiography appliances have been validated against polysomnography (BiteStrip and Bruxoff), but they are indicated only for primary SB. Polysomnography is considered the gold standard and is indicated for secondary SB; however, it is expensive and time-consuming. CONCLUSION: No perfect method of SB diagnosis exists, and future research should concentrate on improving SB self-reports.
Subject(s)
Sleep Bruxism , Electrocardiography , Electromyography , Humans , Polysomnography , Self ReportABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the prevalence of depression and somatization in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a Brazilian population-based cross-sectional survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,643 subjects were assessed for TMD using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders Axes I and II and were assessed for depression and somatization using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale. The data were cross-tabulated for comparison between TMD subjects and controls. RESULTS: TMD subjects had significantly worse depression and somatization levels than controls in the RDC/TMD Axis II. The levels were also worse in most Axis I TMD groups (muscle disorders and arthralgia/osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis). CONCLUSION: TMD subjects had worse depression and somatization, particularly in diagnostic groups with higher pain/disability levels.
Subject(s)
Depression , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Facial Pain , Humans , Somatoform DisordersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of bite splint (BS) treatment termination in patients treated for temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and sleep bruxism (SB). STUDY DESIGN: This longitudinal single-cohort study assessed 30 patients (29.5 ± 7.8 years old, 86.7% women) who were successfully treated with BS for SB and TMD for 30 days to 6 months prior to termination of the use of BS. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD Axes I and II, Sleep Assessment Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and BiteStrip were used to assess TMD signs and symptoms, sleep disorders, depression, and SB at baseline and after 15 days of BS disuse. RESULTS: TMD symptoms, including the disability points, characteristic pain intensity, and present pain at rest, increased significantly (P < 0.05). After 15 days of BS termination, there were no significant differences in SB and depression levels, sleep quality, and TMD signs. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with TMD and SB, BS treatment cessation is not recommended.
