ABSTRACT
AIMS: This study investigated the incidence of hypertensive target organ damage (TOD), control of cardiovascular risk factors, and the short-term prognosis in hypertensive patients under contemporary guideline-oriented therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1,377 consecutive patients (mean age 58.2 ± 9.9 years, 82.2 % male) with arterial hypertension were included in the ESTher (Endorganschäden, Therapie und Verlauf - target organ damage, therapy, and course) registry at 15 rehabilitation clinics within the framework of the National Genome Research Network. Cardiovascular risk factors, medication, comorbidities, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were assessed. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined by two-dimensional echocardiography. The mean follow-up was 513 ± 159 days. Changes in continuous parameters were tested by the t test, changes in discrete characteristics are presented by means of transition tables and tested with the McNemar test. RESULTS: The mean LVEF was 59.3 ± 9.9 %, both mean LVM (238.6 ± 101.5 g) and LVMI (54.0 ± 23.6 g/m(2.7)) were increased while relative wall thickness (RWT, 0.46 ± 0.18) indicated the presence of concentric LVH. Of the patients, 10.2 % displayed renal dysfunction (estimated GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). The 1.5-year overall mortality was 1.2 %. Compared with discharge, at follow-up the proportion of patients with blood pressure (BP) values < 140/90 mmHg decreased from 68.7 % to 55.0 % (p < 0.001) and with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values < 100 mg/dl from 62.6 % to 38.1 % (p < 0.001). At follow-up significantly more patients displayed a GFR value of < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (10.2 % vs. 16.0 %, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of hypertensive rehabilitation participants displayed TOD including LVH and renal dysfunction. Even after stringent BP reduction, a considerable increase in nephropathy could be found after 18 months.
Subject(s)
Hypertension/mortality , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/mortality , Registries , Renal Insufficiency/mortality , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/mortality , Comorbidity , Evidence-Based Medicine , Female , Germany/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Organs at Risk , Risk Factors , Survival RateABSTRACT
Rehabilitation of patients with cardiac pacemakers (CP) or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) comprises secondary prevention of underlying cardiac disease, conditioning training activities and psychological education and includes furthermore the assessment of aggregate function, detection of any device malfunction as well as the return to work efforts. The extent to which the physical activities can be permitted is determined by both cardiopulmonary capacity and the primary arrhythmic indication. Under consideration of upper frequency limit, left ventricular dysfunction and the avoidance of mechanical exposure on device can and leads, an individually designed training programme is acceptable even on a high load level. Likewise, electrotherapeutic procedures due to musculoskeletal pain syndrome are not generally contraindicated, if differentiated limitations are respected. Beside the assessment of aggregate function and, if necessary, parameter optimization, psychologic intervention programs play an important role particularly in ICD-patients and can be utilized as an additive therapeutic module. Personalized recommendations for driving with an ICD are determined by the time interval since idex arrhythmia and the rhythmological risk profile as well as by the motor vehicle class. The return to work rate of CP and ICD patients is resumably influenced by the underlying cardiac disease and to a lesser extend by the implanted device. Except industrial jobs the risk of electromagnetic interference during the working process is low and can be objected by working place analysis including noise field measurement. Thus cardiac of CP and ICD patients should be used to a large extend for the recovery of individual physical and psychological integrity as well as for the organisation of reemployment.
Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/rehabilitation , Defibrillators, Implantable , Exercise Therapy , Pacemaker, Artificial , Physical Therapy Modalities , Rehabilitation, Vocational , Automobile Driving , Combined Modality Therapy , Equipment Failure , HumansABSTRACT
We report here a case of right atrial thrombus diagnosed by echocardiography in a 25-year-old female patient with Hodgkin's disease receiving chemotherapy and heparin. After 24 hours therapy with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist (abciximab) with concomitant heparin the complete dissolution of the thrombus could be demonstrated by transesophageal echocardiography. To our knowledge this case represents the first use of abciximab in right atrial thrombosis.
