ABSTRACT
Resting heart rate (RHR) is positively related with mortality. Regular exercise causes a reduction in RHR. The aim of the systematic review was to assess whether regular exercise or sports have an impact on the RHR in healthy subjects by taking different types of sports into account. A systematic literature research was conducted in six databases for the identification of controlled trials dealing with the effects of exercise or sports on the RHR in healthy subjects was performed. The studies were summarized by meta-analyses. The literature search analyzed 191 studies presenting 215 samples fitting the eligibility criteria. 121 trials examined the effects of endurance training, 43 strength training, 15 combined endurance and strength training, 5 additional school sport programs. 21 yoga, 5 tai chi, 3 qigong, and 2 unspecified types of sports. All types of sports decreased the RHR. However, only endurance training and yoga significantly decreased the RHR in both sexes. The exercise-induced decreases of RHR were positively related with the pre-interventional RHR and negatively with the average age of the participants. From this, we can conclude that exercise-especially endurance training and yoga-decreases RHR. This effect may contribute to a reduction in all-cause mortality due to regular exercise or sports.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media/poisoning , Gadolinium DTPA/poisoning , Gadolinium/poisoning , Neurotoxicity Syndromes/etiology , Brain/drug effects , Brain/pathology , Brain/physiopathology , Cognition Disorders/chemically induced , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Overdose/pathology , Drug Overdose/physiopathology , Humans , Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control , Injections, Spinal/adverse effects , Injections, Spinal/standards , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Myelography/adverse effects , Neurotoxicity Syndromes/pathology , Neurotoxicity Syndromes/physiopathology , Subarachnoid Space/drug effects , Subarachnoid Space/physiopathology , Time , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The authors compared ultrasonography with electrophysiology for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) on 110 clinically affected wrists. An increased cross sectional area in the proximal carpal tunnel larger than 0.11 cm(2) in combination with compression signs on longitudinal scans proved to be highly predictive for CTS (sensitivity, 89.1%; specificity, 98.0%). Ultrasound was comparable to electrophysiology in the diagnosis of CTS, and in 35% of cases changes in morphology suggested a specific therapeutic strategy.
Subject(s)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology , Electrodiagnosis , Electrophysiology , Female , Humans , Male , Median Nerve/diagnostic imaging , Median Nerve/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Reference Values , Ultrasonography , Wrist/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
The rare case of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome caused by thrombosis of a persistent median artery is presented. Progressive pain in the wrist and dysesthesias in the third and fourth fingers were the atypical complaints. High-resolution ultrasonography revealed a bifid median nerve that was compressed by an occluded median artery. The intraoperative findings are described, and emphasis is placed on the importance of using high-resolution ultrasonography for presurgical diagnosis.
