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Objetivo: determinar la huella psicosocial de la pandemia por COVID-19 en enfermeras de 4 países de Sudamérica, año 2021-2022. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal, en una muestra de 279 enfermeras: colombianas (86), paraguayas (68), mexicanas (54) y chilenas (71), que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión.Se aplicaron las escalas de Duke-UNC para evaluar apoyo social recibido y confidencial; El cuestionario Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS) para evaluar apoyo social y el cuestionario de variables de interacción psicosocial (VIP) Resultados: tanto el buen apoyo confidencial como afectivo, se asoció con las variables de vivir con dos o más personas, ser perteneciente a una religión, y trabajar en una unidad con pacientes. El consumo de medicamentos fue significativamente menor en el grupo con buen apoyo confidencial y afectivo, (p=0.012) Conclusiones:la ejecución del rol profesional de la enfermera es conocido como de alta calidad, y con una destacada responsabilidad, especialmente en pandemia por SAR COVID 19. Sin embargo, se aprecian huellas residuales físicas y emocionales en los profesionales de enfermería.
Objective: to determine the psychosocial footprint of the COVID-19 pandemic in nurses from 4 South American countries, 2021-2022. Methods: cross-sectional study, in a sample of 279 nurses: Colombian (86), Paraguayan (68), Mexican (54) and Chilean (71), who met the inclusion criteria. Duke-UNC scales were applied to assess received and confidential social support; The Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS) questionnaire to assess social support and the psychosocial interaction variables (VIP) questionnaire. Results: both good confidential and affective support were associated with the variables of living with two or more people, belonging to a religion, and working in a unit with patients. Medication consumption was significantly lower in the group with good confidential and affective support, (p=0.012). Conclusions: the execution of the professional role of the nurse is known to be of high quality, and with outstanding responsibility, especially in the SAR pandemic. COVID 19. However, residual physical and emotional traces can be seen in nursing professionals.
Objetivo determinar a pegada psicossocial da pandemia de COVID-19 em enfermeiros de 4 países da América do Sul, 2021-2022. Métodos: estudo transversal, em uma amostra de 279 enfermeiras: colombianas (86), paraguaias (68), mexicanas (54) e chilenas (71), que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. As escalas de Duke-UNC foram aplicadas para avaliar o suporte social recebido e confidencial; o questionário Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS) para avaliar o apoio social e o questionário de variáveis de interação psicossocial (VIP). Resultados: tanto o bom apoio confidencial quanto o afetivo estiveram associados às variáveis morar com duas ou mais pessoas, pertencer a uma religião e trabalhar em unidade com pacientes. O consumo de medicamentos foi significativamente menor no grupo com bom apoio confidencial e afetivo, (p=0,012). Conclusões: sabe-se que o desempenho da função profissional do enfermeiro é de alta qualidade, e com destacada responsabilidade, principalmente na pandemia SAR COVID 19. No entanto, traços residuais físicos e emocionais podem ser observados nos profissionais de enfermagem.
Subject(s)
Humans , Social Support , Burnout, Professional , COVID-19 , Nurse-Patient Relations , Nursing StaffABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience of implementing social robotics as an adjuvant during the hospitalization process in pediatric oncology patients. METHODS: Before and after cohort study, applying an intervention with the Lego Mindstorms EV3 kit in patients between 8 and 17 years old that are hospitalized with a cancer diagnosis. We excluded patients from the intensive care unit or when their treating physician recommended so. The intervention consisted of a three-phase workshop: an open architecture story, building a car robot using the Lego Mindstorm EV3 kit, and cooperative playing activities such as races and passing obstacles. RESULTS: Thirteen patients received the intervention with robotic lego. The median age was 15 years (IQR = 3), and 84.6% of the population (n = 11) were male. We found significant improvement in the language (topic management p = .011 and communicative intention p = .034). Other characteristics improved, but not significantly (self-care activities index, catching). No adverse events occurred during the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study suggest that implementing social robotics during hospitalization in children with cancer is a therapeutic adjuvant and safe intervention that promotes better communication, self-care, and a physical activity improvement. For future studies, the impact of this intervention could be measured in hospitalized pediatric cancer patients.
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BACKGROUND: A progressive decrease in exclusive breastfeeding (BF) is observed in Latin America and the Caribbean compared with global results. The possibility of being breastfed and continuing BF for > 6 months is lower in low birth weight than in healthy-weight infants. AIM: To identify factors associated with BF maintenance and promotion, with particular attention to low- and middle-income countries, by studying geographic, socioeconomic, and individual or neonatal health factors. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted in 2018 using the conceptual model of social determinants of health published by the Commission on Equity and Health Inequalities in the United States. The extracted data with common characteristics were synthesized and categorized into two main themes: (1) Sociodemographic factors and proximal determinants involved in the initiation and maintenance of BF in low-birth-weight term infants in Latin America; and (2) individual characteristics related to the self-efficacy capacity for BF maintenance and adherence in low-birth-weight term infants. RESULTS: This study identified maternal age, educational level, maternal economic capacity, social stratum, exposure to BF substitutes, access to BF information, and quality of health services as mediators for maintaining BF. CONCLUSION: Individual self-efficacy factors that enable BF adherence in at-risk populations should be analyzed for better health outcomes.
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Introducción: La cultura del paciente tiene influencia en la selección de sus tratamientos, las expresiones emocionales, la toma de decisiones y en la forma de comunicarse de los pacientes. Los cuidados paliativos permiten el abordaje holístico a personas y familias en sufrimiento por enfermedades potencialmente mortales. Objetivo: Describir las creencias y las prácticas culturales relacionadas con la salud en pacientes adultos de un programa domiciliario de cuidados paliativos en la ciudad de Bogotá. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, de tipo etnografía. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas virtuales a 9 pacientes requirentes de cuidados paliativos, determinada por saturación teórica. Para el análisis de la información, se consideraron las orientaciones de la teoría de los cuidados culturales de Leininger bajo el modelo del sol naciente. Se realizó la codificación y categorización en el software Nvivo v12. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 3 categorías principales: prácticas culturales, creencias para mantener la poca salud y aliviar síntomas y experiencias en la adaptación a la enfermedad y muerte y se dio lugar a 13 subcategorías Discusión: Tras describir y analizar los resultados obtenidos, se observó que los participantes poseen conocimientos sobre prácticas-creencias culturales, que han sido transmitidas de generación en generación y juegan un papel importante en el proceso de la enfermedad Conclusiones: Se evidenció que existen prácticas consideradas protectoras y otras que generan conductas de riesgo, las cuales deberán reestructurarse, negociarse o preservarse, con el objetivo de fortalecer el proceso de cuidado y así mantener un enfoque culturalmente competente.
Introduction: Patient culture influences treatment selection, emotional expressions, decision making, and patients' communication. Palliative care allows a holistic approach to individuals and families suffering from life-threatening illnesses. Objective: To describe the beliefs and health- related cultural practices of adult patients in a palliative home care program in the city of Bogotá. Materials and methods: Qualitative ethnographic study. Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 9 patients requiring palliative care, until theoretical saturation was reached. For data analysis, the guidelines of Leininger's Cultural Care Theory based on the Sunrise Model were considered. Results: Three main categories were identified: cultural practices, beliefs about maintaining poor health and alleviating symptoms, and experiences adapting to illness and death, resulting in 13 subcategories. Discussion: After describing and analyzing the results obtained, it was observed that the participants have knowledge of cultural practices-beliefs that have been passed down from generation to generation and play an important role in the disease process. Conclusions: It became clear that there are practices that are considered protective and others that create risky behaviors that should be restructured, negotiated, or maintained in order to strengthen the care process and thus maintain a culturally competent approach.
Introdugáo: A cultura do paciente influencia na escolha de seus tratamentos, nas expressóes emocionáis, na tomada de decisóes e na forma como os pacientes se comunicam. Os cuidados paliativos permitem uma abordagem holística para individuos e familias que sofrem de doengas que ameagam a vida. Objetivo: Descrever as crengas e práticas culturais relacionadas a saúde em pacientes adultos de um programa domiciliar de cuidados paliativos na cidade de Bogotá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, do tipo etnográfico. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas virtuais com 9 pacientes em cuidados paliativos, determinadas pela saturagao teórica. Para a análise das informagóes, foram consideradas as orientagóes da teoria do cuidado cultural de Leininger sob o modelo do sol nascente. A codificagao e categorizagao foram realizadas no software Nvivo v12. Resultados: Obtiveram-se 3 categorias principais: práticas culturais, crengas para manter a saúde precária e aliviar sintomas e experiencias de adaptagao a doenga e a morte, dando origem a 13 subcategorias. Discussao: descrevendo e analisando os resultados obtidos, observou-se que os participantes possuem conhecimento sobre as práticas-crengas culturais, que foram transmitidas de geragao em geragao e desempenham um papel importante no processo de adoecimento. Condusdes: ficou evidenciado que existem práticas consideradas protetoras e outras que geram comportamentos de risco, que devem ser reestruturadas, negociadas ou preservadas, a fim de fortalecer o processo de cuidar e, assim, manter uma abordagem culturalmente competente.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between physical symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people enrolled in a palliative home care programme in Bogota, Colombia. METHODS: A quantitative, observational, analytical, cross-sectional study. 123 people, chronically ill and enrolled in a palliative home care programme, participated. Convenience sampling was used, and data were collected during home visits. RESULTS: The HRQOL was perceived as fair by 42.3% of the participants, and the overall score was below the expected mean value (140.5). The psychological dimension score was also below the mean, while above-average results were obtained in the physical, social and spiritual dimensions. Pain (78.2%), insomnia (82.3%) and tiredness (77.4%) were the most altered symptoms. Statistically significant differences were found between HRQOL and educational level, occupation, low socioeconomic strata and religious commitment. Statistically significant associations were found between depression and the psychological dimension (r=0.208; p=0.020) and between depression and overall HRQOL (r=0.181; p=0.045). No relationship was observed between HRQOL and physical symptoms. CONCLUSION: Palliative home care programmes should thoroughly address psychological aspects, such as depression and anxiety, to ensure the best quality of life possible for the patients they assist.
Subject(s)
Home Care Services , Quality of Life , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pain/psychology , Palliative Care/methods , Quality of Life/psychologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To perform content validation of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer. METHODS: Psychometric study, which used the Lawshe model, modified by Tristan, to perform content validity of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument through expert consensus. RESULTS: The Surprise Question (SQ) Would it surprise you if this patient died within the next year? and the parameters Demand: Has there been any implicit or explicit expression of limitation of therapeutic effort or demand for palliative care from the patient, family, or team members?, Need: identified by professional members of the team, Checklist symptoms (ESAS) ≥ 2 persistent or refractory symptoms, Emotional Distress Detection (EDD) > 9, Social and family assessment", Oncological disease (advanced metastatic or locoregional cancer), Oncological disease (in progression (in solid tumors) and Oncological disease (Persistent symptoms poorly controlled or refractory despite optimizing specific treatment), were considered valid by the experts to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years with cancer according to the Lawshe criteria, as modified by Tristán. Parameters specifically related to the oncological disease belonging to the dimension Indicators of severity/progression of the disease showed the highest CVR' per parameter, with indices of agreement between 0.714 and 0.857. CONCLUSIONS: The content of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO © 3.1 instrument is valid to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer with a CVI of 0.68.
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Objective. To perform content validation of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer. Methods. Psychometric study, which used the Lawshe model, modified by Tristan, to perform content validity of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© instrument through expert consensus. Results. The Surprise Question (SQ) Would it surprise you if this patient died within the next year? and the parameters Demand: Has there been any implicit or explicit expression of limitation of therapeutic effort or demand for palliative care from the patient, family, or team members?, Need: identified by professional members of the team, Checklist symptoms (ESAS) ≥ 2 persistent or refractory symptoms, Emotional Distress Detection (EDD) > 9, Social and family assessment", Oncological disease (advanced metastatic or locoregional cancer), Oncological disease (in progression (in solid tumors) and Oncological disease (Persistent symptoms poorly controlled or refractory despite optimizing specific treatment), were considered valid by the experts to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years with cancer according to the Lawshe criteria, as modified by Tristán. Parameters specifically related to the oncological disease belonging to the dimension Indicators of severity/progression of the disease showed the highest CVR' per parameter, with indices of agreement between 0.714 and 0.857. Conclusion. The content of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO © 3.1 instrument is valid to identify palliative needs in Colombian children and adolescents from 8 to 17 years of age with cancer with a CVI of 0.68.
Objetivo. Realizar validación de contenido del instrumento NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© para identificar necesidades paliativas en niños y adolescentes colombianos, entre 8 y 17 años, con cáncer. Métodos. Estudio psicométrico que utilizó el modelo de Lawshe modificado por Tristán para evaluar la validez de contenido del instrumento NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© a partir del consenso de expertos. Resultados. La Pregunta Sorpresa ¿Le sorprendería que este paciente muriese a lo largo del próximo año? y los parámetros de Demanda: ¿Ha habido alguna expresión implícita o explícita de limitación de esfuerzo terapéutico o demanda de atención paliativa de paciente, familia, o miembros del equipo?, Necesidad: identificada por profesionales miembros del equipo, Checklist síntomas ≥ 2 síntomas persistentes o refractarios, Detección de Malestar Emocional > 9, Valoración social y familiar, Enfermedad oncológica (Cáncer metastásico o locoregional avanzado), Enfermedad oncológica (en progresión (en tumores sólidos) y Enfermedad oncológica (Síntomas persistentes mal controlados o refractarios a pesar de optimizar el tratamiento específico), se consideraron válidos por los expertos para la identificación de necesidades paliativas en niños y adolescentes colombianos, entre 8 y 17 años, con cáncer, de acuerdo con los criterios de Lawshe modificados por Tristán. Los parámetros relacionados específicamente con la enfermedad oncológica pertenecientes a la dimensión Indicadores específicos de severidad y progresión de la enfermedad presentaron los mayores valores de la Razón de Validez de Contenido por parámetro que oscilaron entre 0.714 y 0.857. Conclusión. La validez de contenido del instrumento en español NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© mostró ser apropiada para identificar las necesidades paliativas en niños y adolescentes colombianos, entre 8 y 17 años, con cáncer.
Objetivo. Realizar validação de conteúdo do instrumento NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© para identificar necessidades paliativas em crianças e adolescentes colombianos de 8 a 17 anos com câncer. Métodos. Estudo psicométrico que utilizou o modelo de Lawshe modificado por Tristán para avaliar a validez de conteúdo do instrumento NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© através do consenso de especialistas. Resultados. A Pergunta Surpresa. Lhe surpreenderia que este paciente morresse ao longo do próximo ano? e os parâmetros de Demanda: Tem tido alguma expressão implícita ou explícita de limitação de esforço terapêutico ou demanda de atenção paliativa de paciente, família, ou membros da equipe?, Necessidade: identificada por profissionais membros da equipe, Checklist sintomas ≥ 2 sintomas persistentes ou refratários, Detecção de Mal-estar Emocional > 9, Valoração social e familiar, Doença oncológica (Câncer metastático ou locorregional avançado), Doença oncológica (em progresso (em tumores sólidos) e Doença oncológica (Sintomas persistentes mal controlados ou refratários apesar de otimizar o tratamento específico), foram considerados válidos pelos especialistas para a identificação de necessidades paliativas em crianças e adolescentes colombianos de 8 a 17 anos com câncer, de acordo com os critérios de Lawshe modificados por Tristán. Os parâmetros relacionados especificamente com a doença oncológica pertencentes à dimensão Indicadores específicos de severidade e progressão da doença apresentaram os maiores valores da Razão de Validez de Conteúdo por parâmetro que oscilaram entre 0.714 e 0.857. Conclusão. A validez de conteúdo do instrumento em espanhol NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© mostrou ser apropriada para identificar as necessidades paliativas nas crianças e adolescentes colombianos de 8 a 17 anos com câncer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Palliative Care , Child , Surveys and Questionnaires , Needs Assessment , Validation Study , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Primary caregivers face constant challenges because of changes in the clinical situation of the person receiving palliative home care. These changes can alter the health-related quality of life and all its dimensions. This study aimed to describe the health-related quality of life of 137 primary caregivers of people enrolled in a palliative home care program in Bogotá, Colombia, applying a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional research design. The Caregiver's Quality of Life Instrument, initially developed by Ferrell, and the sociodemographic characteristics form for caregivers of people with chronic disease, both previously validated in the Colombian population, were used. The results showed that the primary caregivers have a good and adequate overall health-related quality of life; however, they presented some alterations in the physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Therefore, nursing and interdisciplinary palliative care teams should aim their interventions not only at patients but also at primary caregivers during palliative home care.
Subject(s)
Home Care Services , Neoplasms , Caregivers/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Palliative Care/methods , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
PROBLEM: Today, one in four children in the world lives in an area of conflict or disaster, and more than 30 million have been displaced, enslaved or trafficked, abused, and exploited. However, there is little recognition of nursing interventions in this context and their impact on the quality of life. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Studies that (1) Described nursing interventions in children under situations of armed conflict. (2) Identified the impact of the interventions in the Quality of Life. (3) identify research trends in the field by nursing professionals. (4) Summarized concepts associated and nursing interventions proposed in armed conflict to address this problem. SAMPLE: From June to November 2019, electronic databases such as Embase, MEDLINE, LILACS, BIREME library, CINAHL, and ProQuest were accessed. Eleven papers were included in the review. RESULTS: The studies described the positive effects of nursing interventions on mental health and mortality. No studies were found reporting the impact of the interventions on quality of life. The topics of significant research in nursing focus on mental health. Care practices based on leadership, health management, advocacy, and intermediation in public policies should be a matter of interest for nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Future research is required to generate a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the nursing interventions in children under armed conflict situations. IMPLICATIONS: Recognizing the applied interventions and proposing a frame of reference justifies present and future research to children's attention under armed conflict situations.
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Mental Health , Quality of Life , Armed Conflicts , Child , HumansABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to describe the cross-cultural validation process of the "DISABKIDS" questionnaire in Colombia, for both the children and adolescents' version and the parents' version, an instrument intended to measure the health-related quality of life of Colombian children and adolescents with chronic diseases. METHOD: the cross-cultural validation process was conducted according to an international consensual systematic methodology, called standardized linguistic validation, to ensure linguistic equivalence with the original questionnaire. RESULTS: the pretest's cognitive interviews revealed a need to adjust the questionnaire, which consisted of asking for "health condition" rather than only asking for "condition". Due to the cultural context, the word "condition" used in the original version, when translated to Spanish, refers to socioeconomic conditions rather than health conditions. For this reason, 11 items in the children's version and eight items in the parents' version were adjusted. CONCLUSIONS: the Colombian version of DISABKIDS-37 to measure health-related quality of life among children and adolescents with chronic diseases in both the children's and parents' versions is equivalent to the original version and is appropriate for use in Colombia. Future studies can assess the questionnaire's psychometric properties.
Subject(s)
Chronic Disease , Quality of Life , Self Report , Adolescent , Child , Colombia , Cultural Characteristics , Female , Humans , Male , Parents , TranslationsABSTRACT
Se presenta la realización de una investigación metodológicaque tuvo como objetivo determinar la validez facial y la validezde contenido del instrumento Percepción de comportamientosde cuidado humanizado de enfermería de Rivera yTriana, con doce pacientes y/o su cuidador permanente, que estuvieronhospitalizados en la Clínica Country, y con once expertosen el área de investigación en enfermería.Los resultados del proceso de validez a través de las pruebaspsicométricas señalan que el instrumento mencionado tieneuna validez facial con pacientes alta, con un índice deacuerdo de 0,94, una validez facial con expertos en el área deenfermería, con un índice medio, por un índice de acuerdo de0,78 y una validez de contenido alta, con un índice de validez decontenido de 0,83.Sin embargo, en el análisis cualitativo de la validez facial yde contenido realizado por los expertos se encontraron diversasobservaciones acerca de la operacionalización del conceptode percepción de comportamientos de cuidado humanizado deEnfermería, que llevan a sugerir que el respaldo teórico del instrumentodebe ser revisado nuevamente.
