In-Hospital Management and Long-term Clinical Outcomes and Adherence in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Primary Results of the First Brazilian Registry of Heart Failure (BREATHE).

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF), a common cause of hospitalization, is associated with poor short-term clinical outcomes. Little is known about the long-term prognoses of patients with HF in Latin America. METHODS: BREATHE was the first nationwide prospective observational study in Brazil that included patients hospitalized due to acute heart failure (HF). Patients were included during 2 time periods: February 2011-December 2012 and June 2016-July 2018 SUGGESTION FOR REPHRASING: In-hospital management, 12-month clinical outcomes and adherence to evidence-based therapies were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 3013 patients were enrolled at 71 centers in Brazil. At hospital admission, 83.8% had clear signs of pulmonary congestion. The main cause of decompensation was poor adherence to HF medications (27.8%). Among patients with reduced ejection fraction, concomitant use of beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors and spironolactone decreased from 44.5% at hospital discharge to 35.2% at 3 months. The cumulative incidence of mortality at 12 months was 27.7%, with 24.3% readmission at 90 days and 44.4% at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: In this large national prospective registry of patients hospitalized with acute HF, rates of mortality and readmission were higher than those reported globally. Poor adherence to evidence-based therapies was common at hospital discharge and at 12 months of follow-up.

In-Hospital Management and Long-term clinical outcomes and adherence in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: primary results of the first brazilian registry of heart failure (BREATHE)

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF), a common cause of hospitalization, is associated with poor short-term clinical outcomes. Little is known about the long-term prognosis of patients with HF in Latin America. METHODS: BREATHE was the first nationwide prospective observational study in Brazil that included patients hospitalized due to acute HF. Patients were included during 2 time periods: February 2011-December 2012 and June 2016-July 2018. In-hospital management and 12-month clinical outcomes were assessed, and adherence to evidence-based therapies was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 3013 patients were enrolled at 71 centers in Brazil. At hospital admission, 83.8% had clear signs of pulmonary congestion. The main cause of decompensation was poor adherence to HF medications (27.8%). Among patients with reduced ejection fraction, concomitant use of beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors, and spironolactone numerical decreased from 44.5% at hospital discharge to 35.2% at 3 months. The cumulative incidence of mortality at 12 months was 27.7%, with 24.3% readmission at 90 days and 44.4% at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: In this large national prospective registry of patients hospitalized with acute HF, rates of mortality and readmission were higher than those reported globally. Poor adherence to evidence-based therapies was common at hospital discharge and 12 months of follow-up.

Effectiveness of an early mobilization program on functional capacity after coronary artery bypass surgery: A randomized controlled trial protocol.

BACKGROUND: Muscle atrophy and prolonged inactivity are associated with an increased sensation of fatigue and reduced functional capacity in the postoperative period in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Cardiac rehabilitation after hospital discharge is highly recommended and contributes to improvement in functional capacity and quality of life. However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of early mobilization protocols during hospitalization on the patterns of physical activity and functional capacity after coronary artery bypass grafting. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of an early mobilization program on the functional capacity of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in the short and long term. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind trial protocol that will evaluate 66 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients will be randomized into two training groups: the control group (N = 33), which will perform breathing exercises and the intervention group (N = 33), which will perform breathing exercises and aerobic exercises. The groups will receive treatment from first to the seventh postoperative day, twice daily. In the preoperative period, the following outcomes will be assessed: physical activity level (Baecke Questionnaire), Functional Independence Measure, and functional capacity (6-min walking test). Functional capacity will be reassessed after the 7th and 60th postoperative day. Pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay will also be evaluated. Statistical analysis will be calculated using linear mixed models and will be based on intention-to-treat. The level of significance will be set at α = 5%.

Uso de Intervenções Baseadas em Evidências na Síndrome Coronária Aguda – Subanálise do Registro ACCEPT / Use of Evidence-Based Interventions in Acute Coronary Syndrome - Subanalysis of the ACCEPT Registry

Fundamento: As diretrizes baseiam-se em evidências para pautar suas recomendações; apesar disso, há uma lacuna entre o recomendado e a prática clínica. Objetivo: Descrever a prática de prescrição de tratamentos com indicação baseada em diretrizes para pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda no Brasil. Métodos: Foi realizada uma subanálise do registro ACCEPT, na qual foram avaliados os dados epidemiológicos e a taxa de prescrição de ácido acetilsalicílico, inibidores P2Y12, antitrombóticos, betabloqueadores, inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1 e estatinas. Além disso, avaliou-se a qualidade da reperfusão coronariana no infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. Resultados: Foram avaliados 2.453 pacientes. As taxas de prescrição de ácido acetilsalicílico, inibidores de P2Y12, antitrombóticos, betabloqueadores, inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1 e estatinas foram, respectivamente, de 97,6%, 89,5%, 89,1, 80,2%, 67,9%, 90,6%, em 24 horas, e, respectivamente, de 89,3%, 53,6, 0%, 74,4%, 57,6%, 85,4%, em 6 meses. Com relação ao infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST, somente 35,9% e 25,3% dos pacientes foram submetidos a angioplastia primária e trombólise, respectivamente, nos tempos recomendados. Conclusão: Este registro mostrou altas taxas de prescrição inicial de antiplaquetários, antitrombóticos e estatina, bem como taxas mais baixas de betabloqueadores e de inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1. Independentemente da classe, todos apresentaram queda do uso aos 6 meses. A maioria dos pacientes com infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST não foi submetida a reperfusão coronariana no tempo recomendado. .

Background: The recommendations in guidelines are based on evidence; however, there is a gap between recommendations and clinical practice. Objective: To describe the practice of prescribing evidence-based treatments for patients with acute coronary syndrome in Brazil. Methods: This study carried out a subanalysis of the ACCEPT registry, assessing epidemiological data and the prescription rate of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers (IAT1RB), and statins. In addition, the quality of myocardial reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was evaluated. Results: This study assessed 2,453 patients. The prescription rates of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB, and statins were as follows: in 24 hours - 97.6%, 89.5%, 89.1%, 80.2%, 67.9% and 90.6%; and at six months - 89.3%, 53.6%, 0%, 74.4%, 57.6% and 85.4%, respectively. Regarding ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, only 35.9% and 25.3% of the patients underwent primary angioplasty and thrombolysis, respectively, within the recommended times. Conclusion: This registry showed high initial prescription rates of antiplatelet drugs, antithrombotic drugs, and statins, and lower prescription rates of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB. Independently of the class, the use of all drugs decreased by six months. Most patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction did not undergo myocardial reperfusion within the time recommended. .

Use of evidence-based interventions in acute coronary syndrome - Subanalysis of the ACCEPT registry.

BACKGROUND: The recommendations in guidelines are based on evidence; however, there is a gap between recommendations and clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To describe the practice of prescribing evidence-based treatments for patients with acute coronary syndrome in Brazil. METHODS: This study carried out a subanalysis of the ACCEPT registry, assessing epidemiological data and the prescription rate of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers (IAT1RB), and statins. In addition, the quality of myocardial reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was evaluated. RESULTS: This study assessed 2,453 patients. The prescription rates of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB, and statins were as follows: in 24 hours - 97.6%, 89.5%, 89.1%, 80.2%, 67.9% and 90.6%; and at six months - 89.3%, 53.6%, 0%, 74.4%, 57.6% and 85.4%, respectively. Regarding ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, only 35.9% and 25.3% of the patients underwent primary angioplasty and thrombolysis, respectively, within the recommended times. CONCLUSION: This registry showed high initial prescription rates of antiplatelet drugs, antithrombotic drugs, and statins, and lower prescription rates of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB. Independently of the class, the use of all drugs decreased by six months. Most patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction did not undergo myocardial reperfusion within the time recommended.

Comportamento da síndrome coronariana aguda: resultados de um registro brasileiro / Acute coronary syndrome behavior: results of a Brazilian registry

FUNDAMENTO: O Brasil carece de registros multicêntricos publicados de síndrome coronariana aguda. OBJETIVO: O Registro Brasileiro de Síndrome Coronariana Aguda é um estudo multicêntrico nacional com objetivo de apresentar dados representativos das características clínicas, e manejo e evolução hospitalares dessa síndrome. MÉTODOS: Participaram 23 hospitais de 14 cidades. Foram elegíveis pacientes que se apresentaram com suspeita de síndrome coronariana aguda nas primeiras 24 horas, com quadro clínico sugestivo, associado a alterações eletrocardiográficas compatíveis e/ou marcadores de necrose. O seguimento foi realizado até o óbito ou a alta hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Entre os anos de 2003 e 2008, foram incluídos 2.693 pacientes com diagnóstico de síndrome coronariana aguda, sendo 864 (32,1%) mulheres. O diagnóstico final foi de angina instável para 1.141 (42,4%) pacientes, com mortalidade de 3,06% deles; de infarto agudo do miocárdio sem supradesnível de ST para 529 (19,6%) pacientes, com mortalidade de 6,8% deles; e de infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnível de ST para 950 (35,3%) pacientes, com mortalidade de 8,1% deles; tiveram diagnóstico não confirmado 73 (2,7%) pacientes, com mortalidade de 1,36% deles. A mortalidade global foi de 5,53%. O modelo de regressão logística múltipla identificou o gênero feminino (OR=1,45), o diabetes melito (OR=1,59), o índice de massa corporal (OR=1,27) e a intervenção coronariana percutânea (OR=0,70) como fatores de risco de óbito, para demografia e intervenções. Um modelo para óbito por complicações maiores identificou choque cardiogênico/Edema Agudo de Pulmão (OR=4,57), reinfarto (OR=3,48), acidente vascular cerebral (OR=21,56), sangramento grave (OR=3,33), parada cardiorrespiratória (OR=40,27) e classe funcional de Killip (OR=3,37). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados do Registro Brasileiro de Síndrome Coronariana Aguda não diferem de outros coletados fora do país. Seus achados poderão ajudar a promover um melhor planejamento e manejo do atendimento da síndrome coronariana aguda a nível público e privado.

BACKGROUND: Brazil lacks published multicenter registries of acute coronary syndrome. OBJECTIVE: The Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome is a multicenter national study aiming at providing data on clinical aspects, management and hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in our country. METHODS: A total of 23 hospitals from 14 cities, participated in this study. Eligible patients were those who came to the emergency wards with suspected acute coronary syndrome within the first 24 hours of symptom onset, associated with compatible electrocardiographic alterations and/or altered necrosis biomarkers. Follow-up lasted until hospital discharge or death, whichever occurred first. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2008, 2,693 ACS patients were enrolled, of which 864 (32.1%) were females. T he final diagnosis was unstable angina in 1,141 patients, (42.4%), with a mortality rate of 3.06%, non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 529 (19.6%), with mortality of 6.8%, ST-elevation AMI 950 (35.3%), with mortality of 8.1% and non-confirmed diagnosis 73 (2.7%), with mortality of 1.36%. The overall mortality was 5.53%. The multiple logistic regression model identified the following as risk factors for death regarding demographic factors and interventions: female gender (OR=1.45), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.59), body mass index (OR=1.27) and percutaneous coronary intervention (OR=0.70). A second model for death due to major complications identified: cardiogenic shock/acute pulmonary edema (OR=4.57), reinfarction (OR=3.48), stroke (OR=21.56), major bleeding (OR=3.33), cardiopulmonary arrest (OR=40.27) and Killip functional class (OR=3.37). CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome data do not differ from other data collected abroad. The understanding of their findings may help promote better planning and management of acute coronary syndrome care in public and private health services.

Acute coronary syndrome behavior: results of a Brazilian registry.

BACKGROUND: Brazil lacks published multicenter registries of acute coronary syndrome. OBJECTIVE: The Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome is a multicenter national study aiming at providing data on clinical aspects, management and hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in our country. METHODS: A total of 23 hospitals from 14 cities, participated in this study. Eligible patients were those who came to the emergency wards with suspected acute coronary syndrome within the first 24 hours of symptom onset, associated with compatible electrocardiographic alterations and/or altered necrosis biomarkers. Follow-up lasted until hospital discharge or death, whichever occurred first. RESULTS: Between 2003 and 2008, 2,693 ACS patients were enrolled, of which 864 (32.1%) were females. T he final diagnosis was unstable angina in 1,141 patients, (42.4%), with a mortality rate of 3.06%, non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in 529 (19.6%), with mortality of 6.8%, ST-elevation AMI 950 (35.3%), with mortality of 8.1% and non-confirmed diagnosis 73 (2.7%), with mortality of 1.36%. The overall mortality was 5.53%. The multiple logistic regression model identified the following as risk factors for death regarding demographic factors and interventions: female gender (OR=1.45), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.59), body mass index (OR=1.27) and percutaneous coronary intervention (OR=0.70). A second model for death due to major complications identified: cardiogenic shock/acute pulmonary edema (OR=4.57), reinfarction (OR=3.48), stroke (OR=21.56), major bleeding (OR=3.33), cardiopulmonary arrest (OR=40.27) and Killip functional class (OR=3.37). CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome data do not differ from other data collected abroad. The understanding of their findings may help promote better planning and management of acute coronary syndrome care in public and private health services.

Clinical outcomes at 30 days in the Brazilian Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACCEPT).

BACKGROUND: There are few registries documenting clinical practice in Brazilian patients with acute coronary syndrome. OBJECTIVES: Demography description, occurrence of major clinical adverse events and comparative analysis in patients submitted or not to an invasive strategy (coronary angiography and myocardial revascularization) in a Brazilian multicenter registry of acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: The ACCEPT/SBC registry prospectively collected data on acute coronary syndrome patients from 47 Brazilian hospitals. The current analysis reports the occurrence of major clinical outcomes and according to the performance or not of a procedure for myocardial revascularization at the end of 30 day follow-up. RESULTS: Between August 2010 and December 2011, 2.485 patients were enrolled in this registry. Of these, 31.6% had unstable angina, 34.9% and 33.4% had acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation. At 30 days, the performance of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively higher according to the severity of clinical presentation (38.7% vs. 53.6% vs. 77.7%, p < 0.001). Cardiac mortality among those submitted or not to myocardial revascularization procedure was 1.0% vs. 2.3% (p = 0.268), 1.9% vs. 4.2% (p = 0.070) and 2.0% vs. 8.1% (p < 0.001), in those with unstable angina, acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prescription of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively more frequent according to the severity of clinical presentation; for those treated during acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, there was a trend and significant decrease in mortality rate at 30 day of follow-up, respectively.

Desfechos clínicos aos 30 dias do registro brasileiro das síndromes coronárias agudas (ACCEPT) / Clinical outcomes at 30 days in the brazilian registry of acute coronary syndromes (ACCEPT)

FUNDAMENTO: São escassos os registros documentando a prática clínica brasileira na vigência de uma síndrome coronária aguda. OBJETIVOS: Descrição da demografia, ocorrência de desfechos graves e análise comparativa dentre aqueles que efetivaram ou não uma estratégia invasiva (cinecoronariografia e revascularização miocárdica) em um registro brasileiro multicêntrico de portadores de uma síndrome coronária aguda. MÉTODOS: O registro ACCEPT/SBC coletou prospectivamente, em 47 centros hospitalares brasileiros, pacientes na vigência de uma síndrome coronária aguda. Apresentamos a ocorrência de desfechos clínicos graves, de modo integral, e de acordo com a submissão ou não a um procedimento de revascularização do miocárdio ao final dos primeiros 30 dias de seguimento. RESULTADOS: De agosto de 2010 até dezembro de 2011, 2.485 pacientes foram incluídos neste registro. Destes, 31,6% eram portadores de angina instável e 34,9% e 33,4%, com síndrome sem e com supradesnível do segmento ST. Aos 30 dias, a submissão a procedimento de revascularização do miocárdio foi progressivamente maior de acordo com a gravidade da apresentação clínica (38,7% versus 53,6% versus 77,7%; p < 0,001). A ocorrência de mortalidade cardíaca, dentre aqueles submetidos ou não à revascularização miocárdica, foi de 1,0% versus 2,3% (p = 0,268), 1,9% versus 4,2% (p = 0,070) e 2,0% versus 8,1% (p < 0,001), angina instável, síndrome sem e com supradesnível do segmento ST, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: A prescrição de revascularização do miocárdio foi progressivamente mais frequente de acordo com a gravidade da apresentação clínica; naqueles atendidos na vigência de síndrome coronária sem e com supradesnível do segmento ST, promoveu tendência e redução significativa da mortalidade, aos 30 dias, respectivamente.

BACKGROUND: There are few registries documenting clinical practice in Brazilian patients with acute coronary syndrome. OBJECTIVES: Demography description, occurrence of major clinical adverse events and comparative analysis in patients submitted or not to an invasive strategy (coronary angiography and myocardial revascularization) in a Brazilian multicenter registry of acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: The ACCEPT/SBC registry prospectively collected data on acute coronary syndrome patients from 47 Brazilian hospitals. The current analysis reports the occurrence of major clinical outcomes and according to the performance or not of a procedure for myocardial revascularization at the end of 30 day follow-up. RESULTS: Between August 2010 and December 2011, 2.485 patients were enrolled in this registry. Of these, 31.6% had unstable angina, 34.9% and 33.4% had acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation. At 30 days, the performance of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively higher according to the severity of clinical presentation (38.7% vs. 53.6% vs. 77.7%, p < 0.001). Cardiac mortality among those submitted or not to myocardial revascularization procedure was 1.0% vs. 2.3% (p = 0.268), 1.9% vs. 4.2% (p = 0.070) and 2.0% vs. 8.1% (p < 0.001), in those with unstable angina, acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prescription of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively more frequent according to the severity of clinical presentation; for those treated during acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, there was a trend and significant decrease in mortality rate at 30 day of follow-up, respectively.

Conhecimento de fisioterapeutas sobre a atuação em suporte básico de vida / Physical therapists' knowledge on basic life support

O estudo visou avaliar o conhecimento de fisioterapeutas e graduandos em Fisioterapia sobre diagnóstico e atendimento de urgência à parada cardiorrespiratória. A amostra foi composta de 72 estudantes e 108 fisioterapeutas, dos quais 64 atuam no ambiente extra-hospitalar e 44 no ambiente hospitalar. Foi aplicado aos participantes um questionário sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (RCP) baseado nas diretrizes da American Heart Association de 2005. As respostas foram analisadas estatisticamente. Quanto ao diagnóstico da parada cardíaca, os grupos comportaram-se de maneira semelhante, optando pela avaliação da “presença de pulso e respiração”. Quanto à seqüência de atendimento da RCP, a seqüência preconizada foi corretamente indicada por 52,8% do grupo estudante, 65,9% do subgrupo hospitalar e 40,6% do subgrupo extra-hospitalar. Quanto à relação compressão/ventilação, apenas 4,1% do grupo estudante, ninguém do extra-hospitalar e 25% do subgrupo hospitalar indicaram a relação preconizada atualmente. Quase todos (94%) os participantes reconheceram a importância do conhecimento em RCP para o fisioterapeuta. Assim, a maioria dos atuais e futuros fisioterapeutas reconhecem a importância da RCP para sua atuação profissional, mas têm conhecimento insuficiente sobre o tema e apenas uma pequena parcela busca atualizar-se...

This study aimed at assessing undergraduates' and physical therapists' knowledge on diagnosing and emergency treating cardiopulmonary arrest. Subjects were 72 students and 108 physical therapists – of which 64 were active in non-hospital environment and 44 in hospitals – who answered a questionnaire on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) based on the American Heart Association 2005 guidelines. Answers were statistically analysed. As to diagnosing cardiopulmonary arrest, groups behaved similarly, having chosen the option “absence of consciousness, pulse and breath”. Concerning the pattern of CPR assistance, the recommended ABCD sequence was recognized by 52.8% of the students, 65.9% of the hospital subgroup, and 40.6% of the non-hospital subgroup; nobody of the latter, only 4.1% of the students, and 25% of hospital professionals indicated the currently recommended compression/ventilation ratio. Almost all (94%) participants acknowledged the importance of CPR knowledge in physical therapy practice. Thus, though most current and future physical therapists recognize the importance of CPR for their professional role, they have insufficient knowledge about the subject and only few of them seek to update their knowledge...