Obesity, diabetes and risk of bone fragility: How BMAT behavior is affected by metabolic disturbances and its influence on bone health.

PURPOSE: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone strength and mass, which predisposes patients to fractures and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Like osteoporosis, obesity and diabetes are systemic metabolic diseases associated with modifiable risk factors and lifestyle, and their prevalence is increasing. They are related to decreased quality of life, functional loss and increased mortality, generating high costs for health systems and representing a worldwide public health problem. Growing evidence reinforces the role of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) as an influential factor in the bone microenvironment and systemic metabolism. Given the impact of obesity and diabetes on metabolism and their possible effect on the bone microenvironment, changes in BMAT behavior may explain the risk of developing osteoporosis in the presence of these comorbidities. METHODS: This study reviewed the scientific literature on the behavior of BMAT in pathological metabolic conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, and its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of bone fragility. RESULTS: Published data strongly suggest a relationship between increased BMAT adiposity and the risk of bone fragility in the context of obesity and diabetes. CONCLUSION: By secreting a broad range of factors, BMAT modulates the bone microenvironment and metabolism, ultimately affecting skeletal health. A better understanding of the relationship between BMAT expansion and metabolic disturbances observed in diabetic and obese patients will help to identify regulatory pathways and new targets for the treatment of bone-related diseases, with BMAT as a potential therapeutic target.

Leptospirose em uma cidade do sul do Brasil / Leptospirosis in a municipality of southern Brazil

Introdução: Leptospirose é uma zoonose transmitida principalmente por roedores e está relacionada com a situação socioambiental de uma população. A transmissão ocorre especialmente pela eliminação de urina do roedor, por exemplo, nas enchentes que aumentam o risco de contaminação. O artigo analisa a presença de leptospirose na cidade de Pelotas/RS, visando identificar fatores de risco para realizar de forma mais adequada o diagnóstico precoce e evitar possíveis consequências da doença. Objetivos: O estudo tem por objetivo analisar o perfil das pessoas que contraíram leptospirose e seu desfecho no município de Pelotas/RS no período de 2007 a 2017. Métodos: Estudo transversal em que foram analisados dados de prevalência de Leptospirose em Pelotas/RS, comparando zona de residência, sexo, raça, escolaridade, faixa etária e evolução da doença. Resultados: Foi possível observar que a prevalência da doença foi maior em indivíduos com baixa escolaridade, do sexo masculino, brancos e residentes de zona urbana. Metade dos casos evoluiu para a cura, e 2,34% evoluíram para óbito devido ao agravo da doença. Contudo, 53,9% não tiveram a evolução notificada, tendo seus resultados registrados como em branco/ignorado. Conclusão: A leptospirose é uma patologia potencialmente fatal, e ainda subdiagnosticada, e consequentemente subnotificada, tendo grande prevalência em locais com as características de Pelotas/RS. É de fundamental importância que haja uma reestruturação do registro da notificação compulsória com uma abrangência maior sobre dados epidemiológicos para haver um melhor planejamento de meios de prevenção, alcançando uma redução da incidência e melhorando o desfecho desses pacientes.

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis transmitted mainly by rodents and is related with the socioenvironmental conditions of a population. Transmission occurs especially through rodents' urine, for example, risk for contamination increases in floods. The article analyzes the presence of leptospirosis in the municipality of Pelotas, Brazil, in order to identify risk factors so as to perform a more appropriate early diagnosis and to prevent possible disease consequences. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the profile of people who contracted leptospirosis and its outcome in the municipality of Pelotas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. Methods: Cross-sectional study that analyzed data on the prevalence of leptospirosis in Pelotas, Brazil, comparing area of residence, sex, race, schooling, age, and disease outcome. Results: It was observed that the prevalence of the disease was higher in individuals with little education, male, white, and living in the urban area. Half of the cases evolved to cure, and 2.34% evolved to death due to disease worsening. However, 53.9% of the cases did not have their outcome informed, being reported as blank/unknown. Conclusion: Leptospirosis a potentially lethal disease and is still underdiagnosed, and consequently underreported, being highly prevalent in place with the characteristics of Pelotas, Brazil. It is extremely importance to promote a restructuring in disease notification reporting, with a greater coverage on epidemiological data, in order to improve the planning of prevention strategies, achieving a reduction in disease incidence and improving patient outcomes.

Evaluation of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Produced with Interesterified Buriti Oil.

RESEARCH BACKGROUND: Extracted from the pulp of an Amazonian fruit, buriti oil is rich in micronutrients with antioxidant properties and high biological value. The few studies available indicate that this oil could be used in a wide range of applications; however, there are no studies that work on the improvement in the characteristics of this oil for commercial application. The enzymatic interesterification is one of the tools available to improve the properties of oils and fats and our recent studies have demonstrated that the lipase could specifically act on buriti oil to produce structured lipids rich in oleic acid, while preserving most of the minor compounds present in this oil. Still looking for ways to expand the applicability of this raw oil, in this work, we are interested in studying the behaviour of this structured oil in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The NLCs were produced with interesterified buriti oil and the stability, droplet size, electrical charge, microstructure, polymorphism and antioxidant activity of the samples were evaluated by ORAC and FRAP methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the interesterification formed more unsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs), and NLCs prepared with interesterified buriti oil had smaller droplets than NLCs with crude buriti oil. Particles remained stable throughout the storage period and NLCs exhibited complex polymorphism with the presence of three crystalline forms. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value was approx. 23% higher in nanolipid carries with structured lipids than in the nanolipid carriers with crude buriti oil, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value 16% higher, demonstrating the influence of interesterification on the antioxidant activity of nanocarriers. Thus, NLCs prepared with interesterified buriti oil had small droplets, high stability and antioxidant capacity, and have a potential for nutritional and biological applications. NOVELTY AND SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION: This research showed that interesterification positively influenced the physicochemical properties of NLCs, producing the oil rich in oleic acid, high stability and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, it may be interesting to use these nanocarriers to obtain efficient carrier systems for future applications.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity of nanolipid carriers with structured Buriti oil in the Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines.

Buriti oil is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids and tocopherols and it is used for the treatment of various diseases. One strategy to restructure the triglycerides is enzymatic interesterification and nanocarriers have been employed to improve the solubility, bioavailability and stability of active compounds. This work aims to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of this structured oil in nanoemulsions and nanostructured lipid carriers to expand the applicability of the crude oil. None of the samples had a cytotoxic effect on Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines at the concentrations tested. Structured lipids acted protecting against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Additionally, no consumption of glutathione has been observed in both cells, and the compounds present in buriti oil are possibly acting as antioxidants. Thus, nanoparticles prepared with interesterified buriti oil had low cytotoxicity and high oxidative stability, with great potential for future applications.

Representações sociais sobre o cuidado paliativo entre profissionais de enfermagem / Social representations on palliative care between nursing professionals

Objetivo: apreender as representações sociais sobre cuidados paliativos entre profissionais de Enfermagem. Método: estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, a partir do enfoque teórico-metodológico da Teoria do Núcleo Central. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 103 profissionais de Enfermagem de um hospital de referência em Oncologia. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela Técnica de Evocação Livre das Palavras (TELP) e sua análise, pelo software EVOC2003. Resultados: os resultados mostraram que os cuidados paliativos são representados como um cuidado permeado de amor, cujo objetivo é aliviar o sofrimento e a dor do paciente. Conclusão: essa compreensão demonstra uma prática de Enfermagem cada vez mais humanizada e emocional, quebrando o estigma do distanciamento entre profissional e paciente.

Early IFN-γ production together with decreased expression of TLR3 and TLR9 characterizes EAE development conditional on the presence of myelin.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a model for the study of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite increased efforts to elucidate the function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in autoimmune diseases of the CNS, the relative contribution of other factors, including the immunomodulatory properties of TLR signaling, role of the innate response and the presence or absence of myelin peptides remain unclear. The aim was to evaluate TLR expression in the CNS during EAE development by investigating the expression of TLRs in the initial phase of EAE and establishing correlations with the modulation of inflammatory factors. Mice were subcutaneously immunized at the tail base with 100 µg of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55), emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) supplemented with 400 µg of attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RA. Pertussis toxin (300 ng per animal) was intraperitoneally injected on the day of immunization and 48 h later. Another group (MOG(-)) received an equal emulsion of CFA and M. tuberculosis, without MOG35-55, and the same protocol of Pertussis toxin. The immunized mice presented signs of disease with increased IFN-γ production and presence of NK cells on Day 2 postimmunization and reduced the expression of TLR-3 and TLR-9. In the spinal cord, CCL5 and CCL20 were higher in EAE. This study establishes a correlation between TLR-3 and TLR-9 expression with the development of EAE. In addition, evidence of a role for the myelin peptide in targeting the innate inflammatory response to the CNS is presented.

Representações sociais sobre o câncer entre familiares de pacientes em tratamento oncológico / Social representations about cancer among relatives of patient undergoing oncological treatment / Representaciones sociales del cáncer entre familiares de pacientes en tratamiento oncológico

O câncer é uma enfermidade cercada de estigmas a qual afeta emocionalmente seus portadores, assim como os seus familiares. A pesquisa teve como objetivo apreender as representações sociais sobre o câncer entre familiares de pacientes submetidos a tratamento oncológico em um hospital de São Luís-Ma. Tratou-se de um estudo de natureza exploratório-descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, em que se seguiram os pressupostos da Teoria das Representações Sociais para fundamentação da pesquisa. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 102 familiares de pacientes em tratamento oncológico ambulatorial e a amostra foi do tipo aleatória e espontânea. Os dados foram coletados a partir da Técnica de Evocação Livre de Palavras e analisados com o auxílio do software EVOC 2003. A análise do quadro de quatro casas demonstrou uma representação negativa do câncer por parte dos familiares, com as seguintes palavras: desespero, dor, medo, morte, sofrimento, tratamento e tristeza como núcleo central das representações. E a palavra esperança constitui a primeira periferia. O estudo sobre as representações sociais do câncer entre os familiares de pacientes oncológicos mostrou-se de grande relevância, pois apresentou o sentimento presente entre os familiares daqueles acometidos pela doença.

Cancer is a disease surrounded by stigmas which emotionally affects their carriers as well as their families. The research aimed to apprehend thesocial representations of cancer among relatives of patients undergoing cancer treatment in a hospital in São Luís-Ma. This was a study of exploratoryand descriptive qualitative approach, where for reasons of research, followed by the assumptions of the Social Representation Theory. The studysubjects were 102 relatives of patients in outpatient cancer treatment and the sample of random and spontaneous type. Data were collected throughthe Summoning Technique Free of words and analyzed with the assistance of the software EVOC 2003. The analysis of the four houses picture showeda negative representation of cancer by family members, with the words, despair, pain, fear, death, suffering, treatment and sadness as the centerpieceof representations, and the word hope is the first periphery. The study on the social representations of cancer among family members of cancerpatients proved to be of great importance, as presented in the present feeling among the families of those affected by the disease.

El cáncer es una enfermedad rodeada de estigmas que afecta emocionalmente tanto a los pacientes como a sus familiares. La presente investigacióntuvo como objetivo aprehender las representaciones sociales del cáncer entre familiares de pacientes sometidos a tratamiento oncológico en unhospital de San Luís-Ma. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio y descriptivo que siguió las concepciones de la teoría de las representacionessociales. Los sujetos del estudio eran 102 familiares de pacientes en tratamiento oncológico ambulatorio; el muestro era aleatorio espontáneo. Losdatos eran recogidos siguiendo la técnica de evocación libre de palabras y analizados con ayuda del software EVOC 2003. El análisis del cuadro decuatro casilleros indicó que la representación del cáncer de los familiares era negativa, con las siguientes palabras: desesperación, dolor, miedo ,muerte, sufrimiento, tratamiento y tristeza como núcleo central de las representaciones. La palabra esperanza era la primera periférica. El estudiosobre las representaciones sociales del cáncer entre familiares de pacientes oncológicos resultó ser de gran importancia pues mostró el sentimientolatente entre los familiares de los afectados por la enfermedad.

Impact of Cardiovascular Interventions on the Quality of Life in the Elderly

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The elderly population is growing rapidly. Political and socio-economic changes led to the demographic transition in this population with the highest number of surgeries and as well as many comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular intervention on quality of life of elderly patients after three and six months. METHODS: Analytical prospective cohort study with elderly between 60 and 80 years of age, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease and underwent cardiovascular intervention during the period June 2010 to June 2011. Data were collected by individual interviews in the pre and postoperative periods (after three and six months) by telephone. We used the SF-36 to analyse quality of life in order to assess the physical and mental health of the study population. RESULTS: Of the 44 individuals evaluated, 59.1% were men, 75% in the range of 65 to 74 years, 38.6% were white and 38.6% were black, 31.8% were uneducated, 43.2% were married and 68.2% had less than a minimum wage. Prevailed patients: non-diabetics (68.2%), non-obese (81.8%), hypertensive (84.1%), non-alcoholic and non-smokers (68.2% and 61.4%, respectively). A significant increase in the average of the SF-36 scores between pre and post-surgical periods (three and six months) for the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and emotional aspect. CONCLUSION: The elderly population undergoing intervention may have cardiovascular benefits and improvements of quality of life. Physical fitness improvement measures can be taken to resume that capability.

Impact of Cardiovascular Interventions on the Quality of Life in the Elderly.

INTRODUCTION: The elderly population is growing rapidly. Political and socio-economic changes led to the demographic transition in this population with the highest number of surgeries and as well as many comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular intervention on quality of life of elderly patients after three and six months. METHODS: Analytical prospective cohort study with elderly between 60 and 80 years of age, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease and underwent cardiovascular intervention during the period June 2010 to June 2011. Data were collected by individual interviews in the pre and postoperative periods (after three and six months) by telephone. We used the SF-36 to analyse quality of life in order to assess the physical and mental health of the study population. RESULTS: Of the 44 individuals evaluated, 59.1% were men, 75% in the range of 65 to 74 years, 38.6% were white and 38.6% were black, 31.8% were uneducated, 43.2% were married and 68.2% had less than a minimum wage. Prevailed patients: non-diabetics (68.2%), non-obese (81.8%), hypertensive (84.1%), non-alcoholic and non-smokers (68.2% and 61.4%, respectively). A significant increase in the average of the SF-36 scores between pre and post-surgical periods (three and six months) for the domains: functional capacity, pain, general health, vitality and emotional aspect. CONCLUSION: The elderly population undergoing intervention may have cardiovascular benefits and improvements of quality of life. Physical fitness improvement measures can be taken to resume that capability.

Immunomodulatory effects of licochalcone A on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

OBJECTIVES: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a murine autoimmune disease used to study multiple sclerosis. Herein, we have investigated the immunomodulatory effect of licochalcone A (LicoA) on NO, H2 O2 , tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-17 production in cultured cells from EAE mice. METHODS: EAE was induced in C57Bl/6 mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35-55 ). LicoA was isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata. Splenocytes were obtained from EAE mice and incubated with LicoA (4, 20 and 40 µm). Peritoneal cells were obtained from EAE mice treated with LicoA (15 and 30 mg/kg/day. p.o.). H2 O2 , NO, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 production was determined in the presence or absence of concanavalin (ConA) or MOG35-55 stimulation. KEY FINDINGS: LicoA (40 µm) inhibited H2 O2 , NO, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 production in splenocytes spontaneously or after both ConA and MOG35-55 stimulation. LicoA (30 mg/kg/day) reduced clinical score and severity of EAE mice, and inhibited TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 production in peritoneal cells. CONCLUSIONS: LicoA possesses immunomodulatory effects on H2 O2 , NO, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-17 production in cells from EAE mice. It is suggested that LicoA acts on the mechanism of development of EAE by IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α inhibition, modulating the immune response on both Th1 and Th17 cells.

A percepção de mães sobre o brincar de seus filhos com cardiopatia dentro da Brinquedoteca Hospitalar Espaço Curumim

O brincar hoje é reconhecido como um ato imprescindível à vida e ao desenvolvimento das pessoas, sendo um direito de toda e qualquer criança, importante para a formação física, emocional e social do") sujeitos. Desta forma, percebeu-se que as crianças hospitalizadas melhoram significativamente quando brincam no hospital, daí o surgimento de diversas Brinquedotecas Hospitalares, um espaço destinado para crianças brincarem, o qual possui Lei que torna obrigatória a sua existência em unidades de saúde que ofereçam atendimento pediátrico em regimento de internação (Lei 11.104/2005). Junto com essas crianças hospitalizadas, também se internam suas mães, pais e/ou responsáveis. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer a percepção de mães sobre o brincar de seus filhos dentro da Brinquedoteca hospitalar da Fundação Hospital de Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, hospital de referência em cardiologia no Estado do Pará. Foram entrevistadas cinco (05) mães que durante a coleta acompanhavam seus filhos cardiopatas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, e que teve como método a Análise de Conteúdo. De acordo com as falas das participantes, chegou-se a três (03) categorias neste estudo: 1) percepção das mães sobre o brincar; 2) Brinquedoteca como interação e distração; e 3) Participação das mães na Brinquedoteca. Percebeu-se em geral que as mães tem um conhecimento bastante relevante sobre o brincar, dizem estimular seus filhos a brincarem dentro e fora do hospital; possuem um olhar positivo com relação ao trabalho da Brinquedoteca e se implicam na participação ativa deste espaço

Depression after CABG: a prospective study / Depressão após revascularização do miocárdio: um estudo prospectivo

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.

INTRODUÇÃO: A depressão durante ou logo após a hospitalização, eleva duas a três vezes o risco de mortalidade ou eventos cardíacos não-fatais, aumentando sensivelmente a morbimortalidade desses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da revascularização do miocárdio nos sintomas de depressão de pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte prospectivo de 57 pacientes de ambos os sexos, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, entre junho de 2010 e junho de 2011. Foram utilizados os questionários SF-36 para avaliar a qualidade de vida, e o Inventário de Depressão Beck para detectar sintomas depressivos, aplicados no pré-operatório e após seis meses. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de pacientes na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos foi de 22 (38,60%) pacientes, 39 (68,42%) homens, 26(45,61%) autodeclarados pardos, 16 (28,07%) alfabetizados e 30 (52,63%) casados. O escore Inventário de Depressão Beck demonstrou aumento após a revascularização de 15 (26,32%) pacientes em grau leve no momento zero para 17 (29,82%) após. E com grau moderado, sete (12,28%) pacientes antes e 10 (17,54%) após. Nas categorias de indivíduos com grau mínimo houve redução de 32 (56,14%) para 28 (49,12%) e grave de três (5,26%) para dois (3,51%) pacientes. Observou-se associação entre Inventário de Depressão Beck, sexo, idade, estilo de vida, comorbidades e a qualidade vida. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se elevada prevalência de escores elevados de inventário de depressão Beck, piores escores de sintomas depressivos entre homens e associação entre a melhoria dos escores de qualidade de vida e o Inventário de Depressão Beck.

Impacto na qualidade de vida pós-angioplastia coronariana ou revascularização do miocárdio / Impact on quality of life after angioplasty coronary artery bypass graft

Fundamentos: Qualidade de vida (QV) se associa a doenças cardiovasculares, tornando-se indispensável sua avaliação na prática clínica.Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RVM) e da angioplastia coronariana percutânea (ACTP) na QV de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e analítico, envolvendo 114 pacientes (ambos os sexos) submetidos a um dos dois procedimentos (grupo RVM e grupo ACTP), entre junho 2010 e junho 2011. Utilizou-se o questionário SF-36 como instrumento de avaliação, tendo sido aplicado durante o pré-operatório e aos três e seis meses de seguimento. Resultados: Na avaliação inicial da QV da população amostral, os escores médios dos domínios variaram de 24,79 a 74,65, observando-se maior comprometimento dos domínios físico, capacidade funcional e emocional, em ambos os grupos. Observou-se melhora nos domínios ao final de três meses, exceto nos domínios social e emocional no grupo da RVM. No sexto mês, não se observou melhora nos domínios físico e emocional no grupo RVM, e no social para ambos os grupos. Os pacientes com RVM apresentaram melhores escores no domínio mental, enquanto os submetidos à ACTP, no domínio físico. Em relação à percepção da saúde atual quando comparada há um ano, os submetidos à ACTP apresentaram melhora significativa quando comparados ao grupo RVM. Conclusão: Houve melhora na QV ao sexto mês tanto para os pacientes submetidos à RVM quanto à ACTP, sem superioridade para nenhum dos métodos.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is related to cardiovascular diseases, making this essential for its evaluation in clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate the impact of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and percutaneus transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on the QoL for patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A prospective cohort and analytical study of 114 patients (male/female) undergoing both procedures (CABG group and PTCA group) between June 2010 and June 2011. The SF-36 questionnaire was used as an evaluation tool, completed during the pre-operative stage and at three and six months follow-up. Results: The baseline QoL mean scores for the sample population ranged from 24.79 to 74.65, with greater involvement of the physical, emotional and functional capacity fields in both groups. Improvements were observed after three months, except for the social and emotional fields in the CABG group. In the sixth month, no improvement was noted in the physical and emotional fields for the CABG group, and the social field for both groups. The CABG patients posted higher scores in the mental field, while those undergoing PTCA scored higher in the physical field. In terms of perceptions of their current health compared to a year previously, the PTCA patients showed significant improvements compared to the CABG group. Conclusion: Improvement in the QoL at six months for PTCA and CABG patients, with neither method proving superior.

Depression after CABG: a prospective study.

INTRODUCTION: Depression during or shortly after hospitalization elevated two to three times the risk of mortality or nonfatal cardiac events, significantly increasing the morbidity and mortality of these patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of revascularization on symptoms of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 57 patients of both sexes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between June 2010 and June 2011. We used the SF-36 to assess quality of life, and the Beck Depression Inventory to detect depressive symptoms, applied preoperatively and six months. RESULTS: The prevalence of patients aged 60-69 years was 22 patients (38.60%), 39 men (68.42%), 26 described themselves as mixed race (45.61%), 16 literate (28.07 %) and 30 married (52.63%). The beck depression inventory score demonstrated increased after revascularization: 15 patients mild (26.32%) at time zero to 17 (29.82%) after. And with moderate, seven patients (12.28%) before and 10 (17.54%) after. In the categories of individuals with decreased minimum degree of 32 (56.14%) to 28 (49.12%), and severe of three (5.26%) for two (3.51%) patients. Association was observed between beck depression inventory, gender, age, lifestyle, comorbidities and quality of life. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of elevated beck depression inventory scores, lowest scores of depressive symptoms among men and association between the improvement of quality of life scores and beck depression inventory.

Efeitos genotóxicos de fatores considerados de risco para o câncer bucal / Genotoxic effects of factors considered of risk for the buccal cancer

A ocorrência de danos cromossômicos em células esfoliadas da mucosa bucal e sua associação com fatores de risco para desenvolvimento de câncer bucal foi avaliada em amostra de 40 indivíduos. Estes indivíduos foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (N=20), formado por indivíduos expostos a fatores considerados de risco ao desenvolvimento do câncer bucal (fumo e álcool), atendidos no Centro de Referência de Lesões Bucais da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS); Grupo 2 (N=20) constituído por indivíduos sem exposição a estes fatores, examinados na Clínica de Extensão em Dentística da UEFS em atendimento odontológico de rotina. A investigação da ocorrência, entre os grupos, dos fatores de risco foi avaliada a partir de informações obtidas em entrevista. Os danos genéticos foram avaliados utilizando o Teste de Micronúcleo com protocolo diferenciado para contagem de fenômenos nucleares degenerativos. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o uso de antissépticos bucais está associado a uma maior ocorrência de micronúcleos. A freqüência significantemente maior de fenômenos nucleares degenerativos revela que mesmo a fraca exposição ao tabaco e álcool isoladamente pode produzir genotoxidade e que esta condição pode ser aumentada quando da combinação dos dois fatores.