ABSTRACT
A program is described that focuses on significant involvement of parents in the delivery of services to their own young children with behavior problems or handicaps. The goal of the program is to provide intervention as early as possible in the child's life by training parents as agents of change either before the problem occurs or in its early stages. Professional staff design and adapt change strategies for the parents to apply directly in the clinic and in "real life" circumstances at home. Trained and experiencd parents then become the foundation of the program. They train new parents entering the system and utilize the professional staff as resources. This model of using parents is discussed in relation to current funding trends and the need for cost-effective systems of service delivery.
ABSTRACT
Four mothers received toddler management training to teach basic behavior modification technology for use with their oppositional pre-school children. Clinic sessions included baseline, differential reinforcement I, reversal, differential reinforcement II, and follow-up. When training was completed, all mothers were proficient in the use of techniques. Home observation sessions with mother-child and father-child interaction were conducted for pre-clinic baselines and post-clinic follow-ups. While fathers received no clinic instruction, data indicated that unprogrammed learning did occur. All fathers' use of differential attention with their children increased.
Subject(s)
Attention , Behavior Therapy/methods , Child Behavior Disorders/therapy , Father-Child Relations , Adult , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Child, Preschool , Cooperative Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Mother-Child RelationsABSTRACT
Six single women, aged 22 to 29 years, were treated in a laboratory situation through erotic stimulation with masturbatory training for the disorder of situational orgasmic dysfunction. With single subject designs, three conditions of treatment were counterbalanced to estimate component effects. Intervention conditions included exposure to selected erotic stimuli, self-masturbation, and the preceding simultaneous combination. Frequency of orgasm was monitored via heart rate and verbal confirmation. Erotic stimulation with masturbatory training proved adequate to establish and maintain orgasmic responsiveness. Follow-up measures, conducted 6 to 12 months thereafter, partially supported generalization of treatment effects across environments and into existing heterosexual patterns of behavior.
Subject(s)
Erotica , Masturbation , Orgasm , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/therapy , Adult , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Orgasm/physiology , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/physiopathologyABSTRACT
A target behavior program, structured within a token economy project, was implemented to modify the behavior of an institutionalized patient who exhibited excessive rates of crying and no smiling responses. To affect both responses concurrently, token costs were made contingent upon crying and token payments and/or social reinforcements were provided for smiling. The results indicated both the feasibility of eliminating "anxiety-depression" within an institutional environment and the efficacy of the treatment procedures 14 months after discharge.
