ABSTRACT
Oligonucleotide drugs have the characteristics of targeting, modifiability and high biosafety. Recent studies have shown that oligonucleotide can be used to make biosensors, vaccine adjuvants, and has the functions of inhibiting alveolar bone resorption, promoting jaw and alveolar bone regeneration, anti-tumor, destroying plaque biofilm, and precise control of drug release. Therefore, it has a broad application prospect in the field of stomatology. This article reviews the classification, action mechanism and research status of oligonucleotide in stomatology. The aim is to provide ideas for further research and application of oligonucleotide.
Subject(s)
Alveolar Bone Loss , Oligonucleotides , Oral Medicine , Humans , Biofilms , Bone RegenerationABSTRACT
Oligonucleotide drugs have the characteristics of targeting, modifiability and high biosafety. Recent studies have shown that oligonucleotide can be used to make biosensors, vaccine adjuvants, and has the functions of inhibiting alveolar bone resorption, promoting jaw and alveolar bone regeneration, anti-tumor, destroying plaque biofilm, and precise control of drug release. Therefore, it has a broad application prospect in the field of stomatology. This article reviews the classification, action mechanism and research status of oligonucleotide in stomatology. The aim is to provide ideas for further research and application of oligonucleotide.
Subject(s)
Acitretin , Psoriasis , Acitretin/therapeutic use , Biomarkers , Child , Humans , Keratolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Psoriasis/drug therapy , Vitamin AABSTRACT
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic chronic osteochondral disease, which has a high prevalence and morbidity in the Eastern Siberia of Russia, and in the broad diagonal, northern-east to southern-west belt in China and North Korea. In 1990's, it was estimated that in China 1-3 million people had some degree of symptoms of the disease, although even higher estimates have been presented. In China, the extensive prevalence peaked in the late 1950's, but since then, in contrast to the global trend of the osteoarthritis (OA), the number of cases has been dramatically falling. Up to 2013, there are 0.64 millions patients with the KBD and 1.16 millions at risk in 377 counties of 13 provinces or autonomous regions. This is obviously thanks to the preventive efforts carried out, which include providing millions of people with dietary supplements and clean water, as well as relocation of whole villages in China. However, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind the cartilage damage, the genetic and the environmental risk factors, and the rationale of the preventive effects. During the last decade, new data on a cellular and molecular level has begun to accumulate, which hopefully will uncover the grounds of the disease.
Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , Endemic Diseases , Proteomics/methods , China/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Kashin-Beck Disease/diagnosis , Kashin-Beck Disease/epidemiology , Kashin-Beck Disease/geneticsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the roles of combined selenium and iodine deficiency in bone development as a possible experimental model of Kashin-Beck osteoarthropathy. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats (n=48) were randomly divided into selenium deficiency (-Se+I), iodine deficiency (+Se-I), combined selenium and iodine deficiency (-Se-I), and selenium and iodine sufficient (+Se+I) groups. Growth of bone and cartilage, and the expression of type X collagen (ColX) and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) were measured in two generations of rats (F(0) and F(1)). RESULTS: The tibial length in -Se-I rats was significantly shorter in F(1) generation. In +Se-I of F(1) rats, the thickness of the growth plate cartilage, and the proliferative zone was smaller, while in -Se-I rats the growth plate, and the proliferative and hypertrophic zones were also thinner in F(1) generation. In articular cartilage, ColX expression was increased in the deep zone in -Se-I rats of F(0) generation, and in -Se+I, +Se-I and -Se-I rats of F(1) generation. PTHrP expression was increased in the middle zone of -Se+I, +Se-I and -Se-I rats of both F(0) and F(1) generations. In the growth plate cartilage, ColX and PTHrP were expressed in the hypertrophic zone. ColX expression was significantly weaker in -Se+I and -Se-I rats in both F(0) and F(1) generations, while PTHrP expression was stronger in -Se+I, +Se-I and -Se-I rats in both F(0) and F(1) animals. CONCLUSIONS: Combined selenium and iodine deficiency impaired the growth of bone and cartilage. The changes in the expression of ColX and PTHrP induced by combined selenium and iodine deficiency were compatible to measurements of ColX and PTHrP in Kashin-Beck osteoarthropathy.
Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Chondrocytes/metabolism , Chondrogenesis/drug effects , Growth Plate/metabolism , Iodine/deficiency , Selenium/deficiency , Analysis of Variance , Animals , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/pathology , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Bone and Bones/pathology , Cartilage/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Dried leaves of Marchantia convolutaare largely used as hepatoprotectives; and to treat tumefaction of skins in China. Two flavones were isolated from the leaves of Marchantia convoluta by silica gel column and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (PHPLC). These compounds were identified through spectral analysis (IR; UV; 1HNMR; 13CNMR; MS) as 5-hydroxyl-7- methoxyl-2- methylchromone and a flavone glycoside; Apigenin-7-O-a-D-glucuronide
