The effect of text message reminders on medication adherence among patients with coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: To determine the effectiveness of text message reminders (TMR) on medication adherence (MA) and to investigate the effects of TMR on clinical outcomes. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane library, EMbase, and China Biology Medicine databases were searched for randomized-controlled trials with TMR as the intervention for patients with coronary heart disease. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 software. RESULTS: In total, 1678 patients in 6 trials were included. Compared with the control group, the MA was 2.85 times greater among the intervention group (RR [relative risk] 2.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-7.58). TMR reduced systolic blood pressure (BP) (weighted mean difference) = -6.51; 95% CI -9.79 to -3.23), cholesterol (standard mean difference = -0.26; 95% CI -0.4 to -0.12) and increased the number of patients with BP <140/90 mm Hg (RR 1.39; 95% CI 1.26-1.54). CONCLUSION: TMR significantly promoted MA and reduced systolic BP, cholesterol level, and body mass index, but had no effect on mortality, diastolic BP, or lipoproteins. However, substantial heterogeneity existed in our analyses.

Comparative efficacy of various antimicrobial lock solutions for preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections: A network meta-analysis of 9099 patients from 52 randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES: It remains uncertain which catheter lock solution (CLS) to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) works best and is safest for patients. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of different CLSs for the prevention of CRBSI and ranked these CLSs for practical consideration. METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and MEDLINE databases, earlier relevant meta-analyses, and the reference lists of included studies were searched. The primary outcome was CRBSI; secondary outcomes were catheter-related thrombosis and exit-site infections. A network meta-analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 52 randomized controlled trials involving 9099 patients and evaluating 13 CLSs (single and combinations) were included. With regard to the quality of the evidence, the risk of bias was typically low or unclear (45 out of 52 trials, 86.5%). In the network meta-analysis, saline (OR 8.44, 95% CI 2.19-32.46), gentamicin+citrate (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.32-6.42), ethanol (OR 5.33, 95% CI 1.22-23.32), and cloxacillin+heparin (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.19-5.49) were associated with a greater effect on CRBSI than heparin. CONCLUSIONS: This network meta-analysis showed that minocycline-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) seemed to be the most effective for the prevention of CRBSI and exit-site infection, and cefotaxime+heparin seemed to be the most effective for catheter-related thrombosis.

Experimental research on explosion suppression affected by ultrafine water mist containing different additives.

The suppression effects of pure ultrafine water mist and 5% mass fraction alkali metal (NaCl, Na2CO3, KHCO3, KCl and K2CO3) solutions ultrafine water mist on methane explosion were conducted under five mist concentrations in a sealed visual vessel. Mist diameters of different additive solutions were measured by a phase doppler particle analyzer. Pressure data and dynamic flame pictures were recorded respectively by a high-frequency pressure sensor and a high-speed camera. Results indicate that alkali metal compound can enhance the suppression effect of ultrafine water mist and it was related to the additive type. The suppression order of alkali metal compound for methane explosion was K2CO3>KCl > KHCO3>Na2CO3>NaCl. Meanwhile, additive radicals can obviously affect explosion intensity and it mainly reflected in the reduction of explosion pressure under different mist conditions (K+>Na+, Cl- >HCO3-). The pressure generated from combustion wave accelerating propagation underwent two accelerating rises and was affected by additive type and mist amount. The effect of additive type on explosion intensity (maximum explosion overpressure (ΔPmax), two peak values of pressure rising rate) was similar with flame propagation velocity and were decreased evidently with increasing mist concentration. The enhancement in explosion suppression was due to the combination of improved physical and chemical effects.

Effect of fire engulfment on thermal response of LPG tanks.

A model has been developed to predict the thermal response of liquefied-pressure gases (LPG) tanks under fire, and three-dimensional numerical simulations were carried out on a horizontal LPG tank which was 60% filled. Comparison between numerical predictions and published experimental data shows close agreement. The attention is focused on the influence of different fire conditions (different fire scenarios, various engulfing degrees and flame temperatures) on thermal response of LPG tanks. Potential hazard probabilities under different fire conditions were discussed by analyzing the maximum wall temperature and media energy after the internal pressure rose to the same value. It is found that the less severe fire scenario and lower engulfing case may lead to a greater probability of burst hazard because of the higher maximum wall temperature and media energy before the pressure relief valve (PRV) opens.