Early diagnostic and prognostic criteria for health disorders in chemical workers.

The production of synthetic materials - fiberglass and rubber-technical products, as well as products derived from oil refining wastes continues to grow. A characteristic feature of the working conditions of these enterprises is the content of chemicals of hazard class 1-4, which may be potentially hazardous to workers. It imperative to justify prenosological laboratory criteria for health problems of manufacturing workers. The results of the hematological, biochemical, immunological and cytochemical parameters among manufacturing workers are presented. Significant changes in the processes of oxidative metabolism, lipid metabolism, impaired immune status, and intracellular enzyme activity were found in a significant proportion of the workers. Changes were detected in workers even with a short work experience (5 years) and of young age (20-30 years). With an increase in the occupational length of service, the frequency of these disorders increased. Based on the results obtained, early diagnostic and prognostic criteria for health disorders in workers of diverse chemical industries are substantiated. Based on the results obtained, early diagnostic and prognostic criteria for health disorders in workers of diverse chemical industries are substantiated. For rubber manufacturing workers: increased malonic dialdehyde, reduced catalase activity, the activity of catalase is lowering; increased enzymes activity (AST, ALT, GGT), protein abnormalities, erythropenia, decreased hemoglobin levels, increased reticulocyte. For fiber glass manufacturing workers: indicators of the oxidative antioxidant system, hemograms - increased lymphocytes, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, increased CD3 +, increased CD4 +, CD 16+, CD 20 +, FAL, IgG, increased total protein, hyperfermentemia (GGT, ALT), changes in the intracellular enzymes activity - acid phosphatase of neutrophils and lymphocytes, decreased myeloperoxidase, increased glycogen levels. For olefin oxides manufacturing workers - this is hyperfermentemia (ALT, alkaline phosphatase), protein metabolism changes, increased red blood cells, reticulocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, platelets, leucopenia, decreased FAL, increased IgM, decreased IgA, IgG, changes in the intracellular enzymes activity - decrease myeloperoxidase, increase acid phosphatase of neutrophils and lymphocytes.

[Expression of Cell Cycle, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis Related Genes Chek1, Hmox1, Casp7 in Rat Liver Exposed to Carbon Tetrachloride].

Carbon tetrachloride is a well-studied hepatotropic poison. Animal models of exposure to carbon tetrachloride resemble acute liver damage in humans. This paper presents the study of the expression of genes related to cell cycle control, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in a model of carbon tetrachloride-induced toxic hepatitis in rats. White mongrel male rats were injected with a 50% oil solution of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 0.125-4.000 g/kg (experimental group) or olive oil (control group). The animals were decapitated 24 and 72 h after the administration of carbon tetrachloride, and the qRT-PCR expression levels of the genes encoding hemoxygenase-1 (Hmox1), cell cycle checkpoint kinase-1 (Chek1), and caspase-7 (Casp7) in the liver were analyzed. The increase in the expression levels of Hmox1 and Chek1 after exposure was detected. These genes may either play a role in promoting pathological oxidative stress in the liver or be a part of a stress response. We have concluded that the major pathway of the liver damage in carbon tetrachloride exposed animals is necrosis rather than apoptosis.

[Informative changes in indicators of homeostasis to the assessment of individual risk adaptation disorders in workers of the chemical industry.]

This paper reviews the results of complex laboratory examinations among workers manufacturing fiber glass. The most pronounced and early changes in oxidative metabolism processes (reduced catalase activity, increased malonic dialdehyde) and rates of blood serum lipid metabolism indicators were determined, increased values of leukocyte indices of intoxication, violations in the immune status. Changes were detected in workers even with a small length of service (5 years) and young age (20-30 years). With increasing length of service in the workplace, the frequency of these violations increased.Based on the data obtained we have developed laboratory markers that are suitable for diagnosing early preclinical disorders among fiber glass manufacturing workers.

[Sanitary protection zones in major gas chemical enterprises]. / K voprosu o sanitarno-zashchitnykh zonakh dlia krupnykh gazokhimicheskikh kompleksov.

Results of clinical and hygienic research in the area neighboring to Orenbourg and Astrakhan gas chemical enterprises proved that sanitary protection zones planned during construction of the enterprises are inadequate. The results helped to base individual zones of sanitary protection for Orenbourg and Astrakhan gas enterprises, to form clinical and hygienic recommendations for practical management.