[Cerebrospinal fluid sorption in patients with heroin addiction]. / Likvorosorbtsiia u bol'nykh geroinovoi narkomaniei.

The sorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was attempted as a special detoxifying procedure in a group of sixty heroine addicts. CSF contents of cells, total protein, nucleic acids and interleukin-1 (IL-1), as well as acridine orange (AO) binding to CSF cells were determined before and after the procedure. The treatment provided immediate clinical improvement for 70% of the patients. Clinical effect was accompanied by decreased of CSF cells, diminished nucleic acids and protein amounts, along with increased DNA-AO binding and accumulation of IL-l. These data are interpreted in terms of intensive apoptosis of CSF cells and increased acute phase of aseptic inflammation-like events induced by the procedure of liquor sorption.

[The effect of soil extracts with different heavy metal levels on the viability of isolated blood system cells]. / Vliianie ékstraktov pochv s razlichnym soderzhaniem tiazhelykh metallov na zhiznesposobnost' izolirovannykh kletok sistemy krovi.

Short-term incubation of rat thymocytes, bone marrow cells, and macrophages with aqueous extracts of soil demonstrated positive correlations between damage to the cells and increased levels of copper, chromium, and manganese in the soil, while increased levels of zinc and lanthanum were associated with less pronounced changes in the cells.

[Effect of anti-histone antibodies on the nuclear apparatus of thymocytes of intact and irradiated rats]. / Issledovanie vliianiia antigistonovykh antitel na iaderni apparat timotsitov intaktnykh i obluchennykh krys.

The interaction of specific immunoglobulins G to the histone H1 with the thymocytes of intact animals has been demonstrated to increase the reception of acridine orange (AO) in nuclear chromatin. This raises the rate of AO fluorescence and lowers the level of light polarization. This may result from occurring decondensation processes. On the other hand, the interaction of antihistone antibodies with irradiated rat thymocytes causes no changes in the package of nuclear chromatin, which is likely to be due to destructive processes which take place in the cells in response to radiation. The immunoglobulins G to the core histone H2B produce an insignificant effect on the condensation rate of the nuclear material of thymocytes both from intact and irradiated animals.

[The effect of millimeter-range electromagnetic and of ionizing radiation on the body and thymocytes of mice and rats]. / Vliianie élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia millimetrovogo diapazona i ioniziruiushchei radiatsii na organizm i timotsoty myshei i krys.

Radiomodifying effects of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic radiation (UHFER) were studied using laboratory mice and rats, as well as irradiated rat thymocytes in vitro. The resistance of mice to lethal effects of X irradiation was increased by preceding UHF treatment at 7.1 mm wavelength. By means of electron paramagnetic spin resonance, it was revealed that UHFER induced a sufficient decrease in free radicals and iron-binding proteins in rat thymus following UHF irradiation in vivo. The UHFER of rat thymocytes caused similar changes in Acridine orange binding to cellular DNA, light scatter parameters of thymocytes, their own UV fluorescence and partition in two phase systems as X irradiation. Possible mechanisms of these effects are discussed.

[Lymphocyte mechanoluminescence]. / Mekhanoliuminestsentsiia limfotsitov.

A unique installation and an original investigation method are described for studying mechanoluminescence of lymphocytes. The spectral content of mechanoluminescence of lymphocytes of human peripheral blood showed maxima of optical emission at 262, 291, 335 and 412 nm. Intraperitoneal administration of hydrocortisone in mice enhances thymocyte mechanoluminescence intensity after 2 and 3 days by 33 and 62%, resp. It is shown that Acridine orange, reacting with murine thymocytes and their nucleoids, affects intensity of their mechanoluminescence, depending on the value of concentration of the injected intercalator.

[An evaluation of the conformational changes in the superhelical DNA of eukaryotic cells by direct nucleoid fluorometry. II. The characteristics of the change in acridine orange fluorescence in studying the superhelical DNA of rat thymocytes]. / Otsenka konformatsionnykh izmenenii superspiral'noi DNK éukarioticheskikh kletok metodom priamoi fluorimetrii nukleoidov. II. Osobennosti izmeneniia fluorestsentsii akridinovogo oranzhevogo pri izuchenii superspiral'noi DNK timotsitov krys.

Comparative studies of acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide interactions with supercoiled DNA (scDNA) of thymocytes were performed in which various conformational changes were induced. AO may be efficiently used for evaluation of conformational alterations of scDNA. Moreover, employing the maximum values of AO fluorescence allows to determine the maximum levels of scDNA relaxation.

[Fluorescence characteristics of dynamic changes in the DNA structure of peripheral blood cells in irradiated rats]. / Fluorestsentnaia kharakteristika dinamiki izmeneniia struktury DNK kletok perifericheskoi krovi obluchennykh krys.

A simple approach is proposed to determine locally denatured sites and stability characteristics of secondary DNA structure. The method is based on the analysis of the initial part of melting curve and the determination of changes in the optical density of DNA after heating up to a fixed temperature. The potentiality of the approach is illustrated by the experiments with DNA containing defects in the secondary structure caused by gamma-irradiation in vitro. The sensitivity of the method is less than 0.2 Gy.

[Early changes in the state of the cell surface and nucleoid of irradiated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells]. / Rannie izmeneniia sostoianiia kletochnoi poverkhnosti i nukleoida obluchennykh kletok astsitnogo raka Erlikha.

For cells of Ehrlich ascite carcinoma, irradiated by the dose of 10 Gy, a decrease in the coefficient of cell distribution in the two-phase polymer system--dextrane-polyethylene-glycol and an increase in the nucleoid viscosity are shown. The values of both indices characterizing the state of the cell surface and nuclear DNA by the same way have changed in time after irradiation: the maximum effect was observed 1 hour after irradiation and the normalization of the both indices was marked 5-6 hours after it.

[Biosynthesis and maturation of ribosomal RNA in thymocyte subpopulations of X-irradiated rats]. / Biosintez i sozrevanie ribosomnykh RNK v subpopuliatsiiakh timotsitov krys, podvergnutykh rentgenovskomu oblucheniiu.

A study was made of RNA biosynthesis and maturation in the control and irradiated thymocyte fractions isolated in a ficoll-paque gradient. The post-irradiation impairment of rRNA processing was manifested by the enhancement of pre-rRNA biosynthesis and the increase in 18S rRNA "wastage" during the first hours following X-irradiation. The changes were most pronounced in the thymocyte fraction sedimenting in a gradient zone with the density of above 1.077.

[Effect of novobiocin on degradation and repair of the superhelical structure of nuclear DNA from rat thymocyte fractions]. / Deistvie novobiotsina na protsess degradatsii i vosstanovleniia superspiral'noi struktury iadernoi DNK fraktsii timotsitov krysy.

A study was made of the action of novobiocin on degradation and repair events in supercoiled nuclear DNA from three thymocyte fractions obtained by ficoll-paque gradient sedimentation. When added before gamma-irradiation novobiocin (1.9 mg/ml) exerted a radioprotective effect during the "second wave" of supercoiled DNA degradation. It is suggested that this effect may be due to the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II.

[Separation of a rat thymocyte population in a ficoll-paque gradient. I. Relation of cell buoyant density to biological parameters]. / Razdelenie populiatsii tomotsitov krysy v gradiente fikoll-paka. I. Sviaz' plavuchei plotnosti kletok s ikh biologicheskimi parametrami.

Rat thymic cells were fractioned in the one-step Ficoll-Paque gradient. The three fractions obtained differed from one another with respect to average cell sizes, protein and DNA contents per cell. The light fraction cells revealed the maximum incorporation of labeled precursors into their nucleic acids, a relatively low hydrocortisone sensitivity and a diminished adhesion capacity. Following preincubation of thymus cell suspension and its gamma-irradiation, the number of the heavy fraction cells increased. The enrichment of the heavy fraction of cells with cortical thymocytes, including terminal ones, is supposed.

[Separation of a rat thymocyte population in a ficoll-paque gradient. II. Dynamics of the cell count in different media and the effect of thymolytic factors]. / Razdelenie populiatsii timotsitov krysy v gradiente fikoll-paka. II. Dinamika kolichestva kletok v razlichnykh sredakh i vliianie na nee timoliticheskikh faktorov.

Rat thymocytes were fractioned in the Ficoll-Paque gradient. Cells of various fractions were tested for their ability to survive in several nutritional media at 37 degrees C for 5 hours. In serum-less medium 199, the majority of cells died. The addition of bovine serum (10%) to medium 199 resulted in a sharp increase in the number of live cells in the light fractions. Again, the number of live cells in the light fractions was increased upon the 3 hrs-incubation in the serum-less medium containing hydrocortisone, as well as of cells obtained from animals previously injected with hydrocortisone. The X-irradiation of thymocyte suspension led to an obvious augmentation of the number of live cells, belonging to the medium fraction, after a 5 hours' incubation. A possibility is discussed of the increase in cell numbers of different fractions as the result of the "apoptotic" manner of their death.

[Separation of a rat thymocyte population in a ficoll-paque gradient. III. The optical characteristics of the fractions]. / Razdelenie populiatsii timotsitov krysy v gradiente fikoll-paka. III. Opticheskie kharakteristiki fraktsii.

Values of the own ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF) intensity, of the relative UVF intensity (i/R2 proportion, where i--UVF-intensity, R--cell radius), of optical densities of cell suspensions beyond their light absorption band as well as of rates of light scattering by cells at the 90 degrees angle to the beam direction were determined for rat thymocyte fractions obtained by sedimentation of the total thymocyte population on the Ficoll-Paque layer (rho=1.077). It has been shown that the upper (less dense) thymic fractions have the greatest values of parameters assayed when compared with the bottom cells. Interrelations of the data obtained with those on the cell sizes, cytoprotein contents and internal cellular structure are discussed.

[Various biochemical and biophysical properties of a subpopulation of rat thymocytes isolated in a Ficoll gradient]. / Izuchenie nekotorykh biokhimicheskikh i biofizicheskikh kharakteristik subpopuliatsii timotsitov krysy, vydelennykh v gradiente Fikolla.

Subpopulations of rat thymocytes were obtained by cell precipitation in a single-stage transient phycoll gradient (isorapid precipitation). The fraction obtained were characterized in terms of the size, intensity of UV fluorescence, protein content and nucleoid mobility. The radius of thymocytes and UV fluorescence intensity monotonously increased during the transfer from the upper to lower fractions. The cells of medium-size fractions were characterized by the minimum content of cytoproteins and maximum mobility of nucleoid. In order to evaluate the density of thymocytes in the fractions, use was made of an additional cell precipitation in the phycoll-paque stage rho = 1.077. Incubation of thymocytes in medium 199 with a 10% rat serum led to the increased cell density in all the fractions, particularly in medium-size ones. Gamma-irradiation of thymocytes in a dose of 5 Gy appreciably accelerated the process under consideration. It is assumed that the medium-size fractions are enriched with thymocytes in G1 S phase, while lower fractions in G2 phase of the mitotic cycle. At the same time the fractions obtained appear to contain the subpopulations of thymocytes undergoing different stages of differentiation.