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1.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 52(2): 189-200, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37994115

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the texture characteristics in several anatomical structures within fetal ultrasound images by applying an image segmentation technique through an application developed in MATLAB mathematical processing software. METHODS: Prospective descriptive observational study with an analytical component. 2D fetal ultrasound images were acquired in patients admitted to the Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit of the Hospital de San José, Bogotá-Colombia. These images were loaded into the developed application to carry out the segmentation and characterization stages by means of 23 numerical texture descriptors. The data were analyzed with central tendency measures and through an embedding process and Euclidean distance. RESULTS: Forty ultrasound images were included, characterizing 54 structures of the fetal placenta, skull, thorax, and abdomen. By embedding the descriptors, the differentiation of biologically known structures as distinct was achieved, as well as the non-differentiation of similar structures, evidenced using 2D and 3D graphs and numerical data with statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The texture characterization of the labeled structures in fetal ultrasound images through the numerical descriptors allows the accurate discrimination of these structures.


Subject(s)
Fetus , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Ultrasonography , Fetus/diagnostic imaging , Placenta , Prospective Studies , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods
2.
J Clin Ultrasound ; 52(2): 152-162, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37990792

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To establish nomograms for linear measurements of the frontal and occipital horns of the lateral ventricle and their relationship, in pregnant patients between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation and having attended 2 units of Maternal Fetal Medicine in Bogotá-Colombia. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component was carried out on pregnant patients who utilized the ultrasound services at 2 Maternal-Fetal Medicine units in Bogotá, between 18 and 40 weeks of pregnancy who underwent measurement. From the anterior and posterior horns of the lateral ventricles, the fronto-occipital ratio was calculated at each gestational week, and nomograms were created for each of these variables. RESULTS: Nine hundred and seventy-eight patients were included in the study. The distance of the frontal horns ranged between 6.9 and 51.6 mm with a mean of 19.1 ± 5.8 mm; that of the occipital horns had a measurement between 8.7 and 53 mm with a mean of 28, 1 ± 8.9 mm; on the other hand, the fronto-occipital ratio (FOR) yielded a mean of 0.365 ± 0.067 (0.136-0.616) without bearing any relation to gestational age. The trend of normal values for the studied population is displayed, plotted in percentile curves and nomograms for each gestational age. CONCLUSION: The measurement of the frontal and occipital horns, and the calculation of the fronto-occipital relationship is technically possible between 18 and 40 weeks, finding that the anterior and posterior horns have a positive linear relationship with gestational age. Contrarily, the FOR does not correlate with the gestational age, it was possible to establish a table of percentiles that allows determining the normal values for these measurements during pregnancy.


Subject(s)
Fetus , Perinatology , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Colombia , Reference Values , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fetus/diagnostic imaging , Gestational Age , Ultrasonography, Prenatal
3.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 43(6): 757-764, nov.- dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-228014

ABSTRACT

Backgroung The impact of immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. The knowledge about the behavior of different immunosuppression schemes in clinical outcomes is scarce. This study aimed to determine the risk of death in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 under two different schemes of immunosuppression. Methods We describe our experience in kidney transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in seven transplant centers during the first year of the pandemic before starting the vaccination programs in the city of Bogotá. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, immunosuppression schemes at presentation, and global treatment strategies were compared between recovered and dead patients; survival analysis was carried out between calcineurin inhibitors based regimen and free calcineurin inhibitors regimen. Results Among 165 confirmed cases, 28 died (17%); the risk factors for mortality identified in univariate analysis were age older than 60 years (p=.003) diabetes (p=.001), immunosuppression based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (p=.025) and patients receiving steroids (p=.041). In multivariable analysis, hypoxemia (p=.000) and calcineurin inhibitors regimen (p=.002) were predictors of death. Survival analysis showed increased mortality risk in patients receiving CNI based immunosuppression regimen vs. CNI free regimens mortality rates were, respectively, 21.7% and 8.5% (p=.036). Conclusions Our results suggest that the calcineurin inhibitors probably do not provide greater protection compared to calcineurin inhibitor free schemes being necessary to carry out analyzes that allow us to evaluate the outcomes with different immunosuppression schemes in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (AU)


Introducción El impacto de los diferentes esquemas de inmunosupresión en receptores de trasplante de órganos sólidos es desconocido. El conocimiento del comportamiento de la enfermedad bajo diferentes esquemas de inmunosupresión es escaso. Nuestra experiencia intenta determinar el riesgo de muerte en receptores de trasplante renal con COVID-19 bajo dos esquemas diferentes de inmunosupresión. Métodos Describimos la experiencia en receptores de trasplante renal con infección por SARS-CoV-2 en siete centros de trasplante renal en la ciudad de Bogotá, durante el primer año de pandemia y previo al inicio de los programas de vacunación. Las características demográficas, la presentación clínica, los esquemas de inmunosupresión y las estrategias de tratamiento fueron comparadas entre pacientes recuperados y fallecidos, un análisis de sobrevida fue llevado a cabo entre esquemas basados en inhibidores de calcineurina y esquemas libres de inhibidores de calcineurina. Resultados Entre los 165 casos confirmados, 28 murieron (17%), los factores de riesgo identificados para mortalidad en el análisis univariado fueron: edad mayor de 60 años, diabetes, un esquema de inmunosupresión basado en inhibidores de calcineurina y pacientes recibiendo esteroides en el momento del diagnóstico. En el análisis multivariado, la presencia de hipoxemia en el momento del diagnóstico (p = 0,000) y un esquema de inmunosupresión basado en inhibidores de calcineurina (p = 0,002) fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. El análisis de sobrevida encontró un riesgo mayor de mortalidad en pacientes bajo esquemas de inmunosupresión con inhibidores de calcineurina vs. aquellos libres de inhibidores de calcineurina, con tasas de mortalidad respectivas en 21,7 y 8,5% (p = 0,036). Conclusiones Nuestros resultados sugieren que los inhibidores de calcineurina no aportan mayor protección en pacientes con trasplante renal y COVID-19 en comparación con esquemas libres de inhibidores de calcineurina (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , /administration & dosage , /immunology , Kidney Transplantation/mortality , /mortality , /prevention & control , Retrospective Studies
4.
Cir Cir ; 2023 May 11.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37169357

ABSTRACT

Background: Parkinson's disease is poorly studied in Colombia. It is pharmacologically managed, but for refractory cases, surgery is a therapeutic option, positively impacting on quality of life. Objective: To determine the impact of deep brain stimulation as management in the control of progression in patients with Parkinson's disease attended our institution between the years 2014 to 2020. Method: Descriptive retrospective study, with patients collected between 2014 and 2020 undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery. The MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale) was applied in the pre- and postoperative period, and the results were compared. Results: 21 patients were included and the UPDRS was applied, finding a decrease in scores in the postoperative period. One patient had an operative site infection. Conclusions: There was an improvement in the MDS-UPDRS score, with a low rate of complications. The procedure time was prolonged from the preoperative evaluation. Deep brain stimulation is the management of choice for refractory Parkinson's disease. The patients in this series showed improvement in their symptoms. Unfortunately, there are limitations to perform this procedure in Colombia, such as the delay in the authorization of the procedure.


Antecedentes: La enfermedad de Parkinson está poco estudiada en Colombia. Es de manejo farmacológico, pero para casos refractarios la cirugía es una opción terapéutica que impacta positivamente en la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la estimulación cerebral profunda como manejo en el control de la progresión en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson atendidos nuestra institución entre los años 2014 a 2020. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte retrospectivo con pacientes recolectados entre los años 2014 y 2020 sometidos a cirugía de estimulación cerebral profunda. Se aplicó la MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale) en el pre- y el posoperatorio, y se compararon los resultados. Resultados: Se incluyeron 21 pacientes y se les aplicó la MDS-UPDRS, encontrando una disminución en las puntuaciones en el posoperatorio. Un paciente presentó infección del sitio operatorio. Conclusiones: Hubo mejoría en la puntuación de la MDS-UPDRS, con baja tasa de complicaciones. El tiempo de realización del procedimiento fue prolongado desde la valoración preoperatoria. La estimulación cerebral profunda es el manejo de elección para la enfermedad de Parkinson refractaria. Los pacientes de esta serie mostraron mejoría en sus síntomas. Desafortunadamente, existen limitaciones para la realización de este procedimiento en Colombia, como el retraso en la autorización del procedimiento.

5.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 43(6): 757-764, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36681519

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The impact of immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. The knowledge about the behavior of different immunosuppression schemes in clinical outcomes is scarce. This study aimed to determine the risk of death in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 under two different schemes of immunosuppression. METHODS: We describe our experience in kidney transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in seven transplant centers during the first year of the pandemic before starting the vaccination programs in the city of Bogotá. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, immunosuppression schemes at presentation, and global treatment strategies were compared between recovered and dead patients; survival analysis was carried out between calcineurin inhibitors based regimen and free calcineurin inhibitors regimen. RESULTS: Among 165 confirmed cases, 28 died (17%); the risk factors for mortality identified in univariate analysis were age older than 60 years (p=.003) diabetes (p=.001), immunosuppression based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (p=.025) and patients receiving steroids (p=.041). In multivariable analysis, hypoxemia (p=.000) and calcineurin inhibitors regimen (p=.002) were predictors of death. Survival analysis showed increased mortality risk in patients receiving CNI based immunosuppression regimen vs. CNI free regimens mortality rates were, respectively, 21.7% and 8.5% (p=.036). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the calcineurin inhibitors probably do not provide greater protection compared to calcineurin inhibitor free schemes being necessary to carry out analyzes that allow us to evaluate the outcomes with different immunosuppression schemes in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Kidney Transplantation , Humans , Middle Aged , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Colombia/epidemiology , Graft Rejection , SARS-CoV-2 , Immunosuppression Therapy/methods
6.
Repert. med. cir ; 31(Suplemento): 28-39, 2022. ilus., tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1380772

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los grupos sanguíneos ABO han sido utilizados como marcadores de desenlace en diferentes enfermedades, otorgando al grupo O un factor protector y al A uno de riesgo. Durante el brote de SARS CoV-1 se planteó la posible relación entre riesgo de infección y tipo sanguíneo; se presume que en la pandemia por COVID-19 exista una relación entre determinados desenlaces y los grupos ABO. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre los diferentes grupos sanguíneos y los desenlaces de mortalidad, ingreso a cuidados intensivos y requerimiento de intubación orotraqueal (IOT) en población con infección por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática y metanálisis entre enero 2020 y marzo 2021 en las bases de datos MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Latindex y LILACS, identificando los desenlaces mencionados en pacientes con COVID-19. Resultados: se incluyeron 16 estudios, la mayoría retrospectivos multicéntricos. Se evidenció que pacientes con grupo sanguíneo A tienen mayor riesgo de mortalidad (OR 1.08 ;1.01-0.17), frente al ingreso a UCI no hubo diferencia estadística significativa entre los grupos sanguíneos. Se encontró que el AB representa un factor de riesgo para intubación orotraqueal (OR 1.42 IC95% 1.02-1.96), en tanto que el A demostró proteger contra este desenlace (OR 0.84 IC95%0.73-0.97). Conclusiones: hay evidencia sobre la relación entre el grupo sanguíneo y los desenlaces, asociada con la infección por SARS-CoV-2. Se requieren estudios prospectivos que evalúen grupo sanguíneo, RH y desenlaces específicos.


Introduction: ABO blood groups have been used as outcome markers in various diseases, conferring group O a protective factor and group A a risk factor. During the SARS CoV-1 outbreak, it was suggested that blood type appeared to have a relationship with the risk of infection; it is believed that in the COVID-19 pandemic, ABO blood types, are relevant for certain outcomes. Objective: to determine the association between blood types and death, admission to intensive care and risk of intubation among COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis from MEDIA, EMBASSY, SCOPUS, Latindex and LILACS databases, identifying the abovementioned outcomes among COVID 19 patients, conducted between January 2020 and March 2021. Results: 16 studies were included, most of them retrospective multicenter studies. It was evidenced that patients with blood group A have a higher mortality risk (OR 1.08:1.01-0.17). There was no statistically significant difference between blood groups for ICU admission. AB was found to be a risk factor for intubation (OR 1.42: CI95% 1.02 -1.96), while type A had a protective effect against this outcome (OR 0.84: CI95% 0.73 -0.97). Conclusions: there is evidence on a relationship between blood groups and outcomes in SARS CoV-2 infection. Prospective studies evaluating ABO and Rh(D) blood types and specific outcomes, are required.


Subject(s)
SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/complications , Association , Blood Group Antigens , Intensive Care Units
7.
Repert. med. cir ; 31(Suplemento): 40-51, 2022. tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1380790

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en diciembre de 2019 la Comisión Municipal de Salud y Sanidad de Wuhan, China, reportó 27 casos de neumonía de causa desconocida llegando a Colombia. Los municipios implementaron estrategias para minimizar contagios como lo hizo Mosquera, Cundinamarca, sin embargo no se conoció la caracterización de la población afectada por COVID-19. Objetivo: analizar las condiciones de vulnerabilidad, sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población con COVID-19 incluida en la estrategia de atención primaria en salud. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo, observacional, de corte transversal, retrospectivo, con análisis de condiciones de vulnerabilidad, características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población diagnosticada con COVID-19 del municipio de Mosquera en la época de la pandemia durante el año 2020. Resultados: 4.610 casos positivos para COVID-19, 99% en la zona urbana, edad 5% entre 0-11 años, 4% entre 12-17 años, 21% entre 18-28 años, 59% entre 29-59 años y 12% más de 60 años. La población más afectada fueron adultos 58%, régimen contributivo 82% y mujeres 56%. Del total 73% fue sintomático, 92% no requirió hospitalización y la mayoría de los positivos tuvieron entre 2 a 3 contactos estrechos (29%), de los cuales 82% fue asintomático. Conclusiones: la pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido impactos negativos desproporcionados en poblaciones desfavorecidas y desatendidas en todo el mundo. La desigualdad y los determinantes sociales relacionados que afectan a ciertos grupos, están en relación directamente con los resultados de salud adversos de las poblaciones vulnerables durante la pandemia.


Introduction: as of December 2019, the Municipal Health Commission of Wuhan, China, reported 27 cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology coming to Colombia. The municipalities implemented strategies to minimize contagions as did Mosquera, Cundinamarca. However, information describing the characteristics of the COVID-19 affected population was limited. Objective: to analyze the vulnerability, sociodemographic and clinical conditions of the population with COVID-19 included in the primary health care strategy. Methodology: quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, analyzing the vulnerability, sociodemographic and clinical conditions of COVID-19 confirmed cases reported in the municipality of Mosquera during the 2020 phase of the pandemic. Results: 4,610 COVID-19 positive cases were included, of which 99% lived in the urban area. Five percent were between 0 -11 years old, 4% between 12 -17, 21% between 18-28, 59% between 29-59 and 12% over 60. The most affected populations were adults (58%), people covered by the contributory health regime (82%) and women (56%). Of the total number of participants, 73% were symptomatic, 92% did not require hospital admission and most of the positive cases reported 2 to 3 close contacts (29%), of which 82% were asymptomatic. Conclusions: the COVID-19 pandemic has had disproportionate negative impacts on disadvantaged and underserved populations worldwide. Inequality and social determinants affecting certain groups are directly related to adverse health outcomes among vulnerable populations during the pandemic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Primary Health Care , COVID-19 , Health Strategies , Social Determinants of Health
8.
Prenat Diagn ; 41(13): 1615-1623, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34676573

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prenatal myelomeningocele (MMC) repair has been shown to improve neurological outcomes. It has been suggested that decreases in the hysterotomy diameter during surgery can improve perinatal outcomes without altering neurologic outcomes. The objective of this study is to describe and compare the main maternal and fetal outcomes of fetuses undergoing open surgery for MMC repair, through the different modifications (standard-classical, mini-hysterotomy, and microneurosurgery). DATA SOURCE: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid, SciELO, LILACS, PROSPERO. RESULTS: From a total of 112 studies, seven case series were selected including 399 fetuses with open fetal surgery, five studies using the classical technique (n = 181), one with mini-hysterotomy (n = 176), and one with the microneurosurgery technique (n = 42). The mini-hysterotomy and microneurosurgery techniques presented a lower risk of preterm delivery (21.4% and 30%, respectively) compared to the classic technique (47.3%), premature rupture of membranes (78%, 62%, and 72.5 %, respectively), oligohydramnios (0% and 72.5%, respectively), dehiscence of hysterotomy, maintaining the same frequency of Chiari reversion (78%, 62%, and 72.5%, respectively), postnatal correction requirement (0%, 4.8%, and 5.8%, respectively), and lower frequency of requirement for a ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement (13.0%, 7.5%, and 29.1%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The least invasive techniques (minihysterotomy-microneurosurgery) are possible and reproduceable, as they are associated with better maternal and perinatal outcomes.


Subject(s)
Fetal Therapies/standards , Gestational Age , Spinal Dysraphism/surgery , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/methods , Adult , Female , Fetal Therapies/methods , Fetoscopy/methods , Humans , Pregnancy , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/trends
9.
Repert. med. cir ; 30(suplemento): 56-60, 2021. ilus.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1361396

ABSTRACT

Paciente de 59 años quien ingresa al servicio de urgencias con un cuadro de 2 días de evolución de cefalea holocraneana de intensidad moderada 7/10, picos febriles no cuantificados, disnea grado III, adinamia, hiporexia, ageusia y tos no productiva, refiriendo contacto estrecho con hermana confirmada para infección por COVID-19, por lo que se investiga antígeno para COVID-19 con resultado positivo. Se confirma la existencia del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2) con coinfección por Cryptococus neoformans. El manejo con corticoide sistémico genera un importante inmunocompromiso que predispone al paciente a coinfecciones por gérmenes comunes y oportunistas, como lo es la infección por Cryptococcus neoformans/ Gatti. En este caso la infección por COVID-19 y el desarrollo de SARS-CoV-2 fue la etiología de la infección micótica por cryptococo.


Here, we report a case of a 59-year-old patient with a 2-day history of moderate intensity (7/10) holocranial headache, unquantified febrile peaks, grade III dyspnea, adynamia, hyporexia, ageusia and nonproductive cough admitted to the emergency department. He referred close contact to a sister with confirmed COVID-19. His COVID-19 antigen test results were positive. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection was confirmed. The use of systemic corticosteroid therapy leads to immunocompromise and predisposes the patient to common and opportunistic infections such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gatiii infection. In this case COVID-19 infection and the development of SARS-CoV-2 was the etiology of the Cryptococcus fungal infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cryptococcosis , COVID-19 , Headache , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Research Report
10.
Repert. med. cir ; 30(2): 125-133, 2021. tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1362685

ABSTRACT

La comunicación desde el enfoque organizacional se conecta con la responsabilidad social corporativa, entendida como el reconocimiento de los impactos que genera la empresa, creando con ello valor a sus accionistas y a la sociedad a través del empleo de buenas prácticas, en especial las sociales y ambientales. Objetivo: evaluar el desarrollo de la comunicación ambiental en las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud vinculadas a la Cámara Sectorial de Salud de la ANDI- Colombia. Metodología: estudio descriptivo donde se realizó análisis de contenido de la comunicación ambiental y su socialización en el direccionamiento estratégico y táctico vinculando lo ambiental, los componentes de intervención ambiental operativa de las 31 instituciones valoradas, teniendo en cuenta documentos oficiales, publicaciones, páginas web, informes de gestión y sostenibilidad. Resultados: se evidenció que 22,58% de las instituciones prestadoras de salud (IPS) comunican e incorporaron en su direccionamiento estratégico de manera explícita el concepto ambiental como parte de su estrategia corporativa; se encontró que el 35,48% de las IPS reveló en su comunicación la vinculación del área de gestión ambiental en su estructura organizacional. Conclusión: es de gran importancia la comunicación ambiental en las organizaciones de salud a través de políticas, programas y acciones, socializadas de manera efectiva, adicionalmente esta información divulgada a los diversos grupos de interés no solo quede en la tendencia de generar informes de sostenibilidad con reportes de iniciativas operativas de lo ambiental.


Communication in organizations is connected to corporate social responsibility, defined as the recognition of the impacts generated by the company, thus creating value to its shareholders and society through the use of good practices, especially social and environmental practices. Objective: to evaluate the development of environmental communication in healthcare institutions registered in the ANDI Health Sector Chamber of Colombia. Methodology: a descriptive study including the analysis of the content of environmental communication and its socialization in the strategic and tactical direction involving environmental operations, the components of the operational environmental intervention of the 31 institutions undergoing evaluation, through official documents, publications, websites and management and sustainability reports. Results: it was evidenced that 22.58% of the healthcare institutions (IPS) explicitly communicate and incorporate the environmental concept in their strategic direction as part of their corporate strategy; in addition 35.48% of IPSs revealed the involvement of the environmental management area in their organizational structure, in their communication. Conclusion: environmental communication socialized in an effective manner, through policies, programs and actions, play a very important role in health care organizations. Additionally the information, disclosed to the diverse groups of interest, will not only remain in the tendency to generate sustainability reports describing environmental operational initiatives.


Subject(s)
Health Strategies , Communication , Sustainable Development Indicators , Social Responsibility , Socialization , Environment
11.
Repert. med. cir ; 30(1): 48-52, 2021. tab.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1290507

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la lactancia materna ha demostrado grandes beneficios para el recién nacido. En vista de que hay factores que afectan la correcta lactancia, en 2007 se crearon los bancos de leche materna y Colombia hace parte de esta iniciativa en pro de la niñez. Objetivo: identificar la utilización del banco de leche humana (BLH) de la ESE Hospital San Rafael de Fusagasugá, Colombia entre julio 2012 y junio 2016. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con muestra de 1282 nacidos en el período que utilizaron el BLH. Resultados y discusión: entre los factores que llevaron al uso del BLH en estos menores están la baja producción de leche en la madre en 53,7%, cirugía materna 3,5%, mamá con bajo nivel cognitivo 0,2%, succión leve o pobre en 9,6%, madre ausente 0,4%, recién nacido que requirió hospitalización 4,6%, pezón invertido o plano 2,5% y labio leporino 0,5%. Conclusión: se pudo determinar que 22,7% de los niños que nacieron en el municipio necesitaron el servicio del banco de leche materna, logrando visualizar las bondades del mismo, brindando la oportunidad para que lo pudieran utilizar en la misma zona de nacimiento sin necesidad de desplazarse, evitando las subsiguientes consecuencias que ello desencadena en la familia y el recién nacido.


Introduction: breastfeeding has shown great benefits for the newborn. In view of the fact that there are factors affecting proper breastfeeding, nursing mothers ́ milk banks were created in 2007 and Colombia is part of this initiative on behalf of children. Objective: to identify the use of the human milk bank (HMB) at ESE Hospital San Rafael in Fusagasugá, Colombia between July 2012 and June 2017. Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study, with a sample of 1282 newborns delivered in said period using HMB. Results: among the factors that led to the use of HMB in these children are the mother ́s low milk production in 53.7%, maternal surgery 3.5%, mother with low cognitive level 0.2%, mild or poor suction 9.6%, absent mother 0.4%, newborn requiring hospitalization 4.6%, inverted or flat nipple 2.5% and cleft lip 0.5%. Conclusion: it could be determined that 22.7% of the children born in the municipality needed the service of the mother ́s milk bank, managing to visualize the benefits of it, providing the opportunity for them to use it in the same area of birth without having to move, avoiding the subsequent consequences that this triggers in the family and newborn.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Breast Feeding , Local Health Strategies , Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Milk Banks/statistics & numerical data , Infant, Low Birth Weight
12.
Carbon Balance Manag ; 7(1): 12, 2012 Dec 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23249727

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Regrowing tropical forests worldwide sequester important amounts of carbon and restore part of the C emissions emitted by deforestation. However, there are large uncertainties concerning the rates of carbon accumulation after the abandonment of agricultural and pasture land. We report here accumulation of total carbon stocks (TCS) in a chronosequence of secondary forests at a mid-elevation landscape (900-1200 m asl) in the Andean mountains of Colombia. RESULTS: We found positive accumulation rates for all ecosystem pools except soil carbon, which showed no significant trend of recovery after 36 years of secondary succession. We used these data to develop a simple model to predict accumulation of TCS over time. This model performed remarkably well predicting TCS at other chronosequences in the Americas (Root Mean Square Error < 40 Mg C ha-1), which provided an opportunity to explore different assumptions in the calculation of large-scale carbon budgets. Simulations of TCS with our empirical model were used to test three assumptions often made in carbon budgets: 1) the use of carbon accumulation in tree aboveground biomass as a surrogate for accumulation of TCS, 2) the implicit consideration of carbon legacies from previous land-use, and 3) the omission of landscape age in calculating accumulation rates of TCS. CONCLUSIONS: Our simulations showed that in many situations carbon can be released from regrowing secondary forests depending on the amount of carbon legacies and the average age of the landscape. In most cases, the rates used to predict carbon accumulation in the Americas were above the rates predicted in our simulations. These biome level rates seemed to be realistic only in landscapes not affected by carbon legacies from previous land-use and mean ages of around 10 years.

13.
Biomedica ; 31(2): 200-8, 2011 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22159536

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: More information is needed on the risk of venous thromboembolism in the hospital setting, and on patterns of use of thromboprophylaxis, as advocated in consensus guidelines. ENDORSE was an international study aimed at evaluating hospital venous thromboembolism prevention practices in medical and surgical patients. OBJECTIVES: The risk of venous thromboembolism was evaluated along with the use of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized medical and surgical subjects; these data were compared with the international sample from the ENDORSE study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participating institutions in Colombia were selected arbitrarily. The medical charts for medical and surgical patients were evaluated randomly. The 2004 American College of Chest Physician guidelines were used to evaluate risk of venous thromboembolism and adherence to recommended thromboprophylaxis regimens. RESULTS: The study included 761 subjects (218 surgical, 543 medical) located in five acute care hospitals; 49% of these subjects were considered at risk of venous thromboembolism (40% medical, 72% surgical), compared with 52% in the international sample. Prophylaxis use was higher in medical patients at risk (63.7%, n=137) than in surgical patients (48.4%, n=76; p=0.01). Compared with the international sample, the use of prophylaxis in Colombia was greater in medical patients (63.7% vs. 39.5%, p=0.003), but lower in surgical patients (48.4% vs. 58.5%, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Participating Colombian centers treat patients at risk of venous thromboembolism similarly to other participant countries, but appropriate prophylaxis was prescribed more frequently to medical patients. Greater efforts are needed, both in Colombia and around the world, to improve rates of appropriate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in at-risk subjects.


Subject(s)
Inpatients , Risk Assessment , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Aged , Colombia , Female , Guideline Adherence , Hospitals , Humans , Middle Aged , Risk Factors
14.
Rev Biol Trop ; 59(3): 1337-58, 2011 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22017137

ABSTRACT

Estimations on biomass recovery rates by secondary tropical forests are needed to understand the complex tropical succession, and their importance on CO2 capture, to offset the warming of the planet. We conducted the study in the Porce River Canyon between 550 and 1 700m.a.s.l. covering tropical and premontane moist belts. We established 33 temporary plots of 50m x 20m in secondary forests, including fallows to succesional forests, and ranging between 3 and 36 years old; we measured the diameter at breast height (D) of all woody plants with D > or = 5cm. In each one of these plots we established five 10m x 10m subplots, in which we measured the diameter betweem 1cm < or = D < 5cm of all woody plants. We estimated the biomass of pastures by harvesting 54 plots of 2m x 2m, and of shrubs in the fallows by harvesting the biomass in 18 plots of 5m x 2m. We modeled Bav (above ground live biomass of woody plants) and Brg (coarse root biomass) as a function of succesional age (t) with the growth model of von Bertalanffy, using 247t/ha and 66t/ha as asymptote, respectively. Besides, we modeled the ratios brg/bav = f(D) and Brg/Bav = f(t). The model estimated that 87 years are required to recover the existing Bav of primary forests through secondary succession, and 217 years for the Brg of the primary forest. The maximum instantaneous growth rate of the Bav was 6.95 t/ha/yr at age 10. The maximum average growth rate of the Bav was 6.26 t/ha/yr at age 17. The weighted average of the absolute growth rate of the Bav reached 4.57t/ha/yr and the relative growth rate 10% annually. The ratio brg/bav decreases with increasing D. The ratio Brg/Bav initially increases very rapidly until age 5 (25%), then decreases to reach 25 years (18%) and increases afterwards until the ratio reaches the asymptote (26.7%).


Subject(s)
Biomass , Trees/growth & development , Colombia , Time Factors
15.
Rev. biol. trop ; 59(3): 1337-1358, Sept. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638165

ABSTRACT

Biomass recovery through secondary succession in the Cordillera Central de los Andes, Colombia. Estimations on biomass recovery rates by secondary tropical forests are needed to understand the complex tropical succession, and their importance on CO2 capture, to offset the warming of the planet. We conducted the study in the Porce River Canyon between 550 and 1 700m.a.s.l. covering tropical and premontane moist belts. We established 33 temporary plots of 50mx20m in secondary forests, including fallows to succesional forests, and ranging between 3 and 36 years old; we measured the diameter at breast height (D) of all woody plants with D≥5cm. In each one of these plots we established five 10mx10m subplots, in which we measured the diameter betweem 1cm≤D<5cm of all woody plants. We estimated the biomass of pastures by harvesting 54 plots of 2mx2m, and of shrubs in the fallows by harvesting the biomass in 18 plots of 5mx2m. We modeled Bav (above ground live biomass of woody plants) and Brg (coarse root biomass) as a function of succesional age (t) with the growth model of von Bertalanffy, using 247t/ha and 66t/ha as asymptote, respectively. Besides, we modeled the ratios brg/bav=f(D) and Brg/Bav=f(t). The model estimated that 87 years are required to recover the existing Bav of primary forests through secondary succession, and 217 years for the Brg of the primary forest. The maximum instantaneous growth rate of the Bav was 6.95 t/ha/yr at age 10. The maximum average growth rate of the Bav was 6.26 t/ha/yr at age 17. The weighted average of the absolute growth rate of the Bav reached 4.57t/ha/yr and the relative growth rate 10% annually. The ratio brg/bav decreases with increasing D. The ratio Brg/Bav initially increases very rapidly until age 5 (25%), then decreases to reach 25 years (18%) and increases afterwards until the ratio reaches the asymptote (26.7%). Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (3):1337-1358. Epub 2011 September 01.


En bosques secundarios premontanos tropicales es escasa la información sobre el tiempo requerido para recuperar la biomasa aérea y subterránea de los primarios. Por lo tanto, establecimos 33 parcelas de 0.1ha entre 550 y 1 700m en bosques secundarios que cubrían estadios serales de 3 a 36 años y estimamos la biomasa de las plantas y de las raíces gruesas con ecuaciones locales. Así como la biomasa de las pasturas y barbechos por cosecha de 54 y 18 parcelas, respectivamente. También se calculó la edad de las parcelas con informantes locales, sensores remotos, C14 y anillos de crecimiento. En cada parcela medimos la biomasa aérea viva por hectárea (Bav) y la de las raíces gruesas por hectárea (Brg). Modelamos la Bav y Brg en función de la edad mediante la ecuación de von Bertalanfy con asíntotas de 247t/ha (Bav) y 66t/ha (Brg) resultantes de la medición de 33 parcelas de 0.1ha en los bosques primarios. Con la razón Brg/Bav=f(t) estimamos 87 años para que los bosques secundarios recuperen la Bav existente en los primarios y 217 años para recuperar la Brg. La tasa máxima de crecimiento instantáneo de la Bav fue 6.95t/ha/año a los 10 años y la tasa media máxima de crecimiento 6.26t/ha/año a los 17 años. La media ponderada de la tasa de crecimiento absoluto de la Bav alcanzó 4.57t/ha/año y la relativa 10% anual. La razón Brg/Bav inicialmente aumenta muy aceleradamente hasta 4-5 años (25%), luego disminuye hasta 25 años (18%) para luego incrementar hasta 26.7.


Subject(s)
Biomass , Trees/growth & development , Colombia , Time Factors
16.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 31(2): 200-208, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-617525

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La profilaxis en pacientes de tratamiento médico o quirúrgico con riesgo de tromboembolia venosa, requiere ser evaluada para obtener suficiente información que contribuya a mejorar estas prácticas, para que sean efectivas y eficaces, y ayudar con las medidas necesarias de prevención hospitalaria de la tromboembolia venosa. Objetivo. Evaluar el riesgo de tromboembolia venosa y de los hábitos de profilaxis en pacientes de tratamiento médico o quirúrgico hospitalizados en Colombia y compararlos con los de los centros internacionales participantes en el estudio ENDORSE. Materiales y métodos. Las instituciones fueron escogidas al azar. Se evaluaron todas las historias clínicas de pacientes de tratamiento médico o quirúrgico. Se utilizaron las guías del 2004 del American College of Chest Physicians para evaluar el riesgo de tromboembolia venosa y lo apropiado de la profilaxis. Resultados. Se evaluaron 761 pacientes: 218 de tratamiento quirúrgico y 543 de tratamiento médico, de cinco centros hospitalarios de Colombia. De esta población, 49 % se encontraba en riesgo de tromboembolia venosa (40 % de los de tratamiento médico y 72% de los de tratamiento quirúrgico), en comparación con 52 % de la muestra internacional. La profilaxis fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes de tratamiento médico en riesgo (63,7 %, n=137), que en los de tratamiento quirúrgico (48,4 %, n=76, P=0,01). En comparación con la muestra internacional, la profilaxis en los de tratamiento médico fue significativamente superior (63,7 % Vs. 39,5 %, P=0,003), a diferencia de los de tratamiento quirúrgico (48,4 % Vs. 58,5 %, P=0,02). Conclusiones. Los resultados muestran que en los centros hospitalarios de Colombia se trataron pacientes con riesgo de tromboembolia venosa en forma similar al resto de los países participantes en el estudio ENDORSE, y que se hizo más profilaxis apropiada en pacientes de tratamiento médico. Sin embargo, se requiere mejorar la utilización de profilaxis en pacientes hospitalizados.


Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in Colombian surgical and medical patients: Results for Colombia of the ENDORSE study Introduction. More information is needed on the risk of venous thromboembolism in the hospital setting, and on patterns of use of thromboprophylaxis, as advocated in consensus guidelines. ENDORSE was an international study aimed at evaluating hospital venous thromboembolism prevention practices in medical and surgical patientes. Objectives. The risk of venous thromboembolism was evaluated along with the use of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized medical and surgical subjects; these data were compared with the international sample from the ENDORSE study. Materials and methods. Participating institutions in Colombia were selected arbitrarily. The medical charts for medical and surgical patients were evaluated randomly. The 2004 American College of Chest Physician guidelines were used to evaluate risk of venous thromboembolism and adherence to recommended thromboprophylaxis regimens. Results. The study included 761 subjects (218 surgical, 543 medical) located in five acute care hospitals; 49% of these subjects were considered at risk of venous thromboembolism (40% medical, 72% surgical), compared with 52% in the international sample. Prophylaxis use was higher in medical patients at risk (63.7%, n=137) than in surgical patients (48.4%, n=76; p=0.01). Compared with the international sample, the use of prophylaxis in Colombia was greater in medical patients (63.7% vs. 39.5%, p=0.003), but lower in surgical patients (48.4% vs. 58.5%, p=0.02). Conclusions. Participating Colombian centers treat patients at risk of venous thromboembolism similarly to other participant countries, but appropriate prophylaxis was prescribed more frequently to medical patients. Greater efforts are needed, both in Colombia and around the world, to improve rates of appropriate venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in at-risk subjects.


Subject(s)
Risk Management , Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology , Venous Thromboembolism/drug therapy , Thrombosis/prevention & control , Drug Prescriptions
17.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 22(2): 3150-3157, mar. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-619370

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Reportar una experiencia en el manejo endovascular de las malformaciones arteriovenosas cerebrales y las fistulas arteriovenosas durales. Método: Se recolectó una muestra por conveniencia desde septiembre del 2007 hasta abril del 2010. Fueron tratados 50 pacientes, 34 con diagnóstico de malformación arteriovenosa cerebral y 16 con diagnóstico de fístula arteriovenosa dural, mediante terapia endovascular. De ellos el 66 corresponde a hombres, y el 34 a mujeres. Se realizaron en total 84 sesiones de embolización según una técnica endovascular para cada material de embolización. Se utilizó N-butil cianoacrilato, Histoacryl® en el 76 de los procedimientos; Onyx® en el 20, y una combinación de estos con poroespirales en el 3,6 de los procedimientos. Resultados: Los síntomas más frecuentes de manifestación fueron cefalea, convulsión y hemorragia intracerebral. En el 32 de los casos se alcanzó la curación con el manejo endovascular como técnica única, logrando mayor número de curaciones con una sola sesión de embolización. El 38 de los pacientes fueron enviados a radioterapia o a manejo quirúrgico complementario luego de disminuir el tamaño de la lesión por medio endovascular. Las complicaciones alcanzaron el 5,9. Conclusiones: Las malformaciones arteriovenosas cerebrales y fístulas arteriovenosas durales son lesiones complejas que conllevan un riesgo potencial de sangrado para los pacientes con sus consecuencias. El tratamiento endovascular es seguro y efectivo, y se constituye en parte fundamental dentro del esquema de manejo multidisciplinario con la radiocirugía y cirugía.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula , Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations
18.
Acta méd. colomb ; 35(3): 113-118, jul.-sep. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635309

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la potencial asociación entre el tipo de tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y alteración de la función pulmonar es algo poco estudiado hasta ahora. Objetivos: comparar la función pulmonar de pacientes con DM2 que reciben tratamiento con insulina inyectable versus hipoglicemiantes orceles (HO). Determinar si niveles de marcadores de inflamación en pacientes con tratamiento basado en insulina son diferentes a los de los tratados con HO. Métodos: estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal a partir de una muestra de conveniencia de 369 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2, y tratamiento con insulina o HO. Se realizaron espirometrías, y se obtuvieron valores residuales promedios para VEF1, CVF y relación VEF1/CVF. Mediante regresión lineal múltiple, se ajustó por diferencias en determinantes conocidos de la función pulmonar, así como por control de la diabetes y tiempo desde el diagnóstico. Adicionalmente, se midieron niveles de marcadores inflamatorios sanguíneos para cada grupo de tratamiento. Resultados: 63 pacientes (17%) recibían tratamiento con insulina y 306 (83%) con HO. La diferencia en residuales favoreció a los tratados con HO. Para VEF1, CVF y VEF1/CVF la diferencia fue 57.6 mL (IC95% 32.45-82.74; P 0.0047), 45.6 mL (IC95% 20.84-70.39; P 0.0231) y 0.017, (IC95% 0.01- 0.02, P<0.0001), respectivamente. No hubo cambios estadísticamente significativos en marcadores de inflamación. Conclusiones: los pacientes en tratamiento con HO presentaron mejor función pulmonar que los tratados con insulina. Este hallazgo de diferencias en función pulmonar pudiera tener implicación clínica en el manejo de los pacientes diabéticos, pero debe confirmarse en estudios prospectivos (Acta Med Colom; 2010: 35: 113-118).


Introduction: the potential association between the type of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and impaired lung function is something rarely studied so far. Objectives: to compare the lung function of patients with DM2 who are treated with injectable insulin versus HO. To determine whether levels of inflammatory markers in patients with insulin-based treatment are different from those treated with HO. Methods: an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study from a convenience sample of 369 patients diagnosed with DM2 and treated with insulin or HO. Spirometry was performed, and residual values were averaged for FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC ratios. Multiple linear regression results were adjusted by differences in known determinants of lung function, as well as control of diabetes and time since diagnosis. Additionally, we measured blood levels of inflammatory markers for each treatment group. Results: 63 patients (17%) were treated with insulin and 306 (83%) with OH. The difference in residual favored those treated with HO. For FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC the difference was 57.6 mL (95% CI 32.45 to 82.74, P 0.0047), 45.6 mL (95% CI 20.84 to 70.39, P 0.0231) and 0.017 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.02, P <0.0001), respectively. There were no statistically significant changes in inflammation markers. Conclusions: patients treated with HO showed better lung function than those treated with insulin. This finding of differences in lung function may have clinical implications in the management of diabetic patients, but needs to be confirmed in prospective studies (Acta Med Colom; 2010: 35: 113-118).

19.
Acta méd. colomb ; 35(3): 119-125, jul.-sep. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635310

ABSTRACT

Propósito de la revisión: la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es un trastorno degenerativo caracterizado clínicamente por presentar temblor en reposo, rigidez y bradicinesia. El propósito es determinar la utilidad de la molécula TRODAT-1 en el diagnóstico de la EP. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: PUBMED, COCHRANE , MEDLINE , LILACS y SCIE LO en un periodo de 10 años desde enero de 1998 a enero de 2008. Se obtuvieron 26 artículos, éstos se analizaron y se seleccionaron 10, de los cuales sólo seis respondían a las necesidades del estudio, de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión. De los seis artículos analizados, cuatro fueron clasificados como evidencia grado (+) y los dos restantes evidencia grado (-) de acuerdo con las guías NI CE. Todos los artículos revisados reportan una disminución importante en la captación del TRODAT-1 a nivel estriatal, su utilidad en el diagnóstico de EP en estadios tempranos, bajo costo y seguridad. Sólo tres reportan valores de sensibilidad y especificidad, pero su nivel de calidad no permite hacer una comparación de los mismos. Conclusiones: se propone realizar estudios de prueba diagnóstica comparados con el diagnóstico clínico de la enfermedad, que tengan un acuerdo en la forma de plantear las mediciones semicuantitativas de las unidades de captación utilizando las mismas fórmulas para hacerlos comparables (Acta Med Colomb 2010; 35: 119-125).


Purpose: Parkinson disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder. The clinical symptoms of this disease are resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the utility of TRODAT -1 in the diagnosis of PD. A search covered PUBMED, COCHRANE, MEDLINE, LILACS and SCIELO databases, between January 1998 and January 2008. Study selection: twenty six articles were obtained with their respective abstracts. After the first review, ten of them were chosen and only six of them met the inclusion criteria. Four articles were classified as grade evidence (+) and two as grade evidence (-) according to NICE guides. All the articles reviewed report significantly decreased striatal uptake of TRODAT-1 in early PD patients, suggesting that this is a useful, safe, and inexpensive tool in the diagnosis of early PD. It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis with the chosen articles because only three of them reported sensitivity and specificity, and each of these used different criteria for their semi-quantitative analyses. This variability makes comparison of the semiquantitative uptake criteria impossible. Conclusions: establishment of a universal technique for quantitation of TRODAT-1 uptake is necessary in order to make meta-analysis viable and allow comparison of the usefulness of this agent among large numbers of patients and multiple populations (Acta Med Colomb 2010; 35: 119-125).

20.
Acta méd. colomb ; 34(1): 11-16, ene.-mar. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-523794

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) puede ser una complicación mortal en el paciente con patología médica aguda severa que se hospitaliza. Se ha demostrado que la profilaxis farmacológica es efectiva y segura, pero existe muy poca información proveniente de países latinoamericanos, sobre su frecuencia de utilización y lo apropiado de la misma.Objetivo:caracterizar la práctica clínica de profilaxis del TEV en cinco instituciones colombianas y compararla contra otros centros participantes en el Registro Internacional sobre la Prevención Médica del TEV (IMPROVE).Pacientes y método: se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos hospitalizados =18 años, hospitalizados por =3 días con enfermedad médica aguda. Los criterios de exclusión fueron el uso terapéutico al ingreso de agentes trombolíticos o antitrombóticos; trauma o cirugía mayor en tres meses previos al ingreso; y TEV en las primeras 24 horas después de la admisión hospitalaria.Se utilizó un comité central adjudicador de eventos clínicos claves, incluyendo el tipo y la duración de la profilaxis, muerte, episodios de TEV y sangrado.Resultados: se incluyeron 15,156 pacientes en 52 hospitales de 12 países, de los cuales 1.948 pacientes se incluyeron en cinco centros hospitalarios de Cali y Bogotá.En Colombia, 60 por ciento de los pacientes recibieron algún tipo de profilaxis (versus 50 por ciento en la muestra internacional, P<0.01). En Colombia, sólo 39 por ciento de los pacientes eran candidatos a recibir profilaxis, de acuerdo con las guías de la ACCP, en comparación con 52 por ciento y 43 por ciento en los EUA y en el resto de la muestra internacional. En Colombia, 76 por ciento de aquellos que eran candidatos apropiados, recibieron profilaxis, en comparación con sólo 60 por ciento en la muestra internacional. En Colombia se vieron mejores desenlaces hospitalarios (sangrados, diagnósticos de TEV y muerte), que en el resto de la población mundial participante.Conclusiones: en los centros colombianos participantes se hizo más profilaxis contra TEV en pacientes apropiados, que en el resto de los países participantes y esto pudo haber estado asociado con mejores desenlaces hospitalarios. Sin embargo, también se hizo más profilaxis en pacientes que no se beneficiaban claramente de ella, que en el resto de los países participantes. Se requieren todavía más esfuerzos en Colombia para mejorar la tasa de profilaxis del paciente médico, pero simultáneamente disminuyendo la profilaxis indiscriminada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Medication Therapy Management , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Pulmonary Embolism , Venous Thromboembolism , Venous Thrombosis
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